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김병학,오익훈,김정호,전주은,전병욱,신종헌,김태윤 생화학분자생물학회 2014 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.46 No.-
Inflammation is a part of the complex biological responses of a tissue to injury that protect the organ by removing injurious stimuli and initiating the healing process, and is considered as a mechanism of innate immunity. To identify biologically active compounds against pathogenic inflammatory and immune responses, we fractionated water, aqueous methanol and n-hexane layers from nine kinds of leguminosae and examined anti-inflammatory activity of the fractions in human keratinocytes and mouse skin. Among the fractions, rf3 and rf4, isolated from the aqueous methanol layer of Astragalus sinicus L., exhibitedthe strongest reactive oxygen species (ROS)-scavenging and anti-inflammatory activities as measured by inhibition of the intracellular ROS production, nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-jB), janus kinase (JAK)/signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT), and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt signaling in cytokine-stimulated human keratinocytes, as well as by effects on T-cell differentiation in mouse CD4þ T cells. In addition, topical application of rf3 and rf4 suppressed the progression of psoriasis-like dermatitis and expression of pro-inflammatory mediators in interleukin (IL)-23-injected mouse ears. Our results suggest that Astragalus sinicus L. may ameliorate chronic inflammatory skin diseases due to its antioxidant and ntiinflammatory activities via regulation of the intracellular ROS production, NF-jB, JAK/STAT and PI3/Akt signaling cascades as well as immune responses, and these results are the first report that Astragalus sinicus L. exhibits pharmacological activity.
육상수조 중간양성 방식별 생사료 및 배합사료 공급이 북방전복, Haliotis discus hannai 치패의 성장과 체성분에 미치는 영향
김병학,박민우,김태익,손맹현,이시우,Kim, Byeong-Hak,Park, Min-Woo,Kim, Tae-Ik,Son, Maeng-Hyun,Lee, Si-Woo 한국패류학회 2015 The Korean Journal of Malacology Vol.31 No.2
본 연구는 전복 육상 중간양성 시 생산성과 경제성 향상을 유도하고자 육상 중간양성 방식별로 수용한 전복치패에 배합사료와 해조류를 공급하여 성장 및 생존율을 조사하였다. 실험 전복은 2012년에 종묘생산 된 양성 1년생 (각장 22.74-23.67 mm) 을 사용하여 해조류 (sea weed diet, SW) 와 배합사료 (artificial, A) 공급구에 각각 바닥식 (floor culture, FC), 그물 바닥식 (net floor culture, NFC), 이중 은신처 (double shelter culture, DSC) 그리고 육상 가두리 (indoor net cage culture, INCC) 로 총 8개의 중간양성 방식을 2반복으로 설정하여 10개월간 사육하였다. 월별 각장 절대성장률 (absolute growth rate of shell length, $AGR_{SL}$), 일간성장률 (daily growth rate of shell length), 중량 변화에서 9월부터 11월 까지를 제외하고 유의적 차이가 없었다. 육상수조 내 사육방법별 월별 중량변화는 유의적 차이가 없었다. 성장에서는 각장, 각폭, 체중에 대한 모든 성장지표에서 유의적 차이는 보이질 않았으나, 배합사료 공급구의 이중쉘터 방식이 높은 값을 보였다. 생존율은 A-FC가 70% 이상으로 55-60%인 다른 실험구보다 유의적으로 높았으며 (P < 0.05), 생사료와 배합사료 공급한 전복치패 가식부의 일반성분은 차이가 없었다. 따라서 2 cm 이상의 전복치패를 육상수조에서 서로 다른 중간 양성 방식별로 사육 시 배합사료와 생사료 공급은 성장차이를 보이지 않으며, 배합사료를 공급한 바닥식 중간양성이 생존율이 높게 나타나, 육상 중간양성 시 바닥식 양성이 생산성 향상에 유리할 것으로 판단된다. This study was conduct to investigate the effect of intermediate culture types on the growth and survival rate of the juvenile abalone, Haliotis discus hannai fed seaweed and artificial diet. Intermediate cultures were to determine there that was to fed seaweed (SW) of artificial diet (A) of floor culture (FC), net floor culture (NFC), double shelter culture (DSC) and indoor net cage culture (INCC) in land-based tank, in two replicate. In the growth performance of juvenile abalone reared through intermediate culture to fed SW of A, that the absolute growth rate ($AGR_{SL}$, $AGR_{SB}$), daily growth rate ($DGR_{SL}$, $DGR_{SB}$), and specific growth rate ($SGR_{SL}$, $SGR_{SB}$) to the shell length (SL) and shell breadth (SB) of experimental groups were not significant. As weight gain (WG), daily weight gain (DWG) and specific weight gain (SWG) to body weight through intermediate culture types in land-based tank was not significant. However, as to survival rate to experimental groups, A-FC was higher than those of different groups (P < 0.05). Therefore, these results is showed that was not difference to growth of juvenile abalone over 2 cm fed seaweed diet and artificial diet according to intermediate culture types. But floor culture with artificial diet indicate that was highest to survival rate, therefore, it is beneficial for higher productivity in floor culture with artificial diet among intermediate culture types.
On warped product spaces with a certain Ricci condition
김병학,이상덕,최진혁,이영옥 대한수학회 2013 대한수학회보 Vol.50 No.5
In this paper, we obtain the criteria that the Riemannian manifold B is Einstein or a gradient Ricci soliton from the information of the second derivative of f in the warped product space R ×f B with gradient Ricci solitons. Moreover, we construct new examples of non- Einstein gradient Ricci soliton spaces with an Einstein or non-Einstein gradient Ricci soliton leaf using our main theorems. Finally we also get analogous criteria for the Lorentzian version.