시각적 되먹임을 이용한 골반경사 운동이 편마비 환자의 보행특성에 미치는 영향

김병남,이완희,Kim, Byoung-Nam,Lee, Wan-Hee 대한물리치료학회 2002 대한물리치료학회지 Vol.14 No.1

The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of anterior, posterior, and lateral pelvic tilt exercise upon the gait characteristics of patients with hemiplegia including their gait velocity, cadence, stride length, step length of the non affected side, step length of the affected side, foot angle of the non affected side, foot angle of the affected side, base of support, and so on. The subject of this study was 24 men and women patients with hemiplegia. The patients, the subject of this study, were classified into 12 patients of treatment group applying pelvic tilt exercise using visual feedback and 12 patients of control group applying general pelvic tilt exercise, and then analyzed their gait before and after exercise. Temporal distance gait analysis (Boening, 1977) was used to analyze their gait, and ink foot-print was applied as on of measurement methods. To find out meaningful difference between control group and treatment group, this study carried out independent sample t-test for each item by utilizing SPSS/Win 10.0, compared changes in control group's and treatment group's gait characteristics before and after exercise as percentage, and applied paired t-test to conduct before-after test in same group. Statistical significance level was ${\alpha}$ < 0.05. The results of this study were as follows. As a result of independent sample t-test for control group's and treatment group's gait characteristics after exercise, it was not statistically significant so there was no meaningful difference between two groups. However, it was statistically significant in the change rate(%) of gait characteristics, and treatment group's patients with hemiplegia had been highly changed in gait characteristics in comparison with control group. From the above-mentioned results, could find that pelvic tilt exercise using visual feedback for patients with hemiplegia was effective to improve their gait ability and it could increase the ability in comparison with general pelvic tilt exercise. In the future, studies on the effect of pelvic tilt exercise using visual feedback shall be continued based on more quantitative methods.

화상처리에 의한 제재목 database 화 기술 개발 : 1 . 옹이의 검출

김병남,이형우 ( Byoung Nam Kim,Hyoung Woo Lee ) 한국목재공학회 1996 한국목재공학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.1996 No.-

FDTD 기법을 이용한 복잡한 구조물 위에 부착된 안테나의 방사특성 해석

김병남,박성욱,Kim, Byoung-Nam,Park, Seong-Ook 대한전자공학회 1999 電子工學會論文誌, D Vol.d36 No.12

본 논문에서는 3차원 PML 흡수 경계 조건을 갖는 FDTD법을 이용하여 복잡한 구조물 위에 부착된 안테나 해석 방법을 수행하였다. 본 연구에서 제안된 FDTD법의 타당성을 검증하기 위해 실린더 구조 및 구 구조 위에 짭은 모노폴 안테나가 탑재됨에 따른 안테나 방사 특성의 해석에 대해 정리한 $Carter^{[1]}$ 및 $Harrington^{[2]}$에 의한 정확한 수학적 해석 방법과 상호 비교하였다. 비교 결과, 제안된 FDTD법 해석 결과는 기존의 정확한 수학적 풀이 방법과 매우 잘 일치함을 확인하였다. 이러한 검중된 FDTD 해석 기법을 이용하여 복잡한 구조에 대한 정확한 구조적 모델링을 할 수 있는 전문적인 CAD 툴을 결합하여 블랙호크 헬기와 같은 복잡한 대형 구조물에 부착된 안테나 해석을 수행하였다. In this paper, we analyzed the radiation patterns of a monopole antenna mounted on the complex structures by using FDTD method associated with 3-D PML absorbing boundary condition. In order to validate the proposed FDTD code, the radiation patterns of monopole antenna mounted on cylinders and spheres were compared with the exact solutions of $Carter^{[1]}$ and $Harrington^{[2]}$. For all case considered, the predicted radiation pattern exhibited excellent agreement with exact solution. To be able to model the more complex structures, the proposed FDTD methods are combined with BRL-CAD. And this procedures is applied to predict the radiation patterns of a wire antenna attached to the top of a Blackhawk helicopter.

百濟 威德王代의 정치 상황과 대외 관계

김병남 (Kim Byoung-Nam) 한국상고사학회 2004 한국상고사학보 Vol.43 No.-

百濟는 管山城 전투에서 엄청난 패배를 당하였다. 당시 정벌을 주도하였던 왕자 餘昌(위덕왕)은 신라군의 포위망에서 간신히 도망해 나오는가 하면, 신라는 백제의 멸망을 이야기할 만큼, 어려운 상황이었다. 그 결과 백제는 북으로는 牙山灣 以南, 동으로는 國原城(충주), 三年山郡(보은), 甘文州(개령) 以西로 영역이 축소되고 말았다. 한편, 왕자 餘昌은 신라 정벌에 대한 책임 때문에 한동안 王位에도 오르지 못하는 불안한 상황 속에 있었다. 간신히 귀족 세력과의 타협으로 왕위에 오르게 됐지만, 정국 운영은 귀족들에게 넘겨줄 수 밖에 없었다. 여기에다 대가야와의 동맹을 모색하다가 실패함으로써 가야 지역에 대한 영향력마저 상실하고 말았다. 이에 威德王은 中國·倭 등과 교류를 추진하여 국제적인 지위를 상화하고, 聖王을 위한 능산리 사원을 완공하는 등 즉위 초의 정치적 제약에서 벗어나 실질적인 왕권의 기반을 다지려 노력한다. 그리고 다시 신라의 秋風嶺路를 차단하여 경기도 지역과 충청 남부 및 경상도 일대가 신라 중심부와 분리되는 상황을 만들기 위해 군사 행동을 감행하는데, 이 마저 실패로 끝나고 말았다. 이에 따라 威德王은 다시 대외적인 전쟁 보다는 외교적으로 국제적 지위를 확인하여 권위를 회복하는 작업을 추진하는 동시에 경제적으로는 朝貢 교역을 통한 物力 확보에 주력한다. 「삼국사기」, 「백제본기」의 위독왕 관련 기사들이 대부분 대외 교류로 채워져 있는 이유 또한 바로 이와 관련이 있으며, 위덕왕 26년 이후 45년까지는 이러한 내부적 蘊蓄을 통해 결국 武王代의 대외 팽창을 가능하게 하였던 것이다. Baekje was completely defeated at the battle of Gwansanseong. King Wideok, who , as a prince, led the conquest at that time, barely escaped from the encircling net Shilla's army, and Baekje was in such a difficult situation that Shilla openly predicted that Baekje would collapse. As a result, Baekje's territory was reduced to the southern area of the Asan Bay in the north and the western area of Gukweonseong(Chungsu), Samnyeonsangun(Boeun), and Gammunju(Gaeryeong) in the east. On the other hand, Prince Yeochang(餘昌) hadn't ascended the throne for a long time, because of his responsibility for Baeje's failure to subdue Silla. Although he managed to ascend the throne through the compromise with the nobility, he was forced to yield his operating power for the political situation to the aristocratic class. Nevertheless, King Wideok pursued the alley with the Daegaya(大加耶), and resolutely carried out the military operations, such as attack of vicinity if Cheongju and Boeun, which was Shilla's vulnerable area, in order that Gyeonggido, the west of Chungcheongdo and the vicinity of Gyeongsangdo could be separated from the most important place of Silla by intercepting Shilla's Chupungnyuong(秋風嶺). However, the fact that the historical records in the reign of King Wideok are cultures with the foreign relations with China can be thought to show that King Wideok's leadership was too weak to control the political situation. This means that King Wideok couldn't afford to secure military materials and manpower resources for the battles with Shilla. After that time, King Wideok tried to regain the royal dignity diplomatically through investiture, and to have economic power through tribute. His accumulation of domestic power must have been a motive for active international relations in the reign of King Mu.

百濟 聖王代의 북방 영역 변화

김병남(Kim Byoung-Nam) 한국사연구회 2003 한국사연구 Vol.120 No.-

King Seong moved the capital to Sabi(泗?) and replaced the name of Baekje with Nambuyeo(南夫餘) when he ascended the throne. That means he attempted to make sure of the historical legitimacy of Baekje. He. that is, intended to occupy the ideological superior position to neighbors emphasizing the fact that Baekje is the legal successor of Buyeo(夫餘) and Ancient Joseon(古朝鮮). As soon as he secured the internal stability of royal power he started to broaden the territory and fought with Goguryeo in Paesu(浿水), Ogok(五谷) and Woosanseong(牛山城) etc. In the early Seong period Baekje confront with Coguryeo each other between the Yeseong river and the Han. It means Baekje opened the possibility to attack Goguryeo's territories beyond the northern Han river and at the same time the military forces of Baekie was enforced as much as Baekie could make a war with Goguryeo on equal terms. Based on the development of national power Seong tried to expand his lands northward with the allied forces which consisted of armies of Baekje, Silla(新羅) and Gaya(加耶). As the result Baekje at last reached to the Jabiryeong(慈悲嶺), the district of Hwanghae-do(黃海道). This also means Baekje recovered the territories of King Geunchogo(近肖古). Then Goguryeo was in need to possess Hwanghaeo-do where was sited near Pyeongyang(平壤), the Goguryeo s capital. On the other hand Silla wanted to occupy the lower Han river for the good provision with men and resources. Two secretly entered into an military alliance each other according to this necessity. After concluding the alliance, Silla at once announced the diplomatic break with Baekje and attacked and subdued the districts around the Han river. Now the territory of Baekje was reduced to the south of Asan(牙山) bay. Baekje went through a serious crisis internally after the defeat and death of King Seong in the war of Gwansanseong(管山城).

百濟熊津時代의 北方領域

김병남(Kim, Byoung-Nam) 백산학회 2002 白山學報 Vol.- No.64

Until recently, students of history have believed that the Ungjin(熊津) period of the Baekje(百濟) dynasty was a time of weakness and retreat. History tells us that the Baekje dynasty was seriously damaged by the Koguryo(高句麗) dynasty's southward movement and famous invasion of 475 AD. People have believed that the Baekje dynasty lost its claim to the Han(漢) River area and was forced to move its capital to Ungjin as a result of the Koguryo dynasty's invasion. However, this interpretation of history has recently been shown to be incorrect. By studying " Samguk-saki(三國史記)" carefully, scholars have determined the true story. Baekje did not in fact lose control of the HanRiver valley. Contrary to the idea that Koguryo easily overpowered Baekje, it is now known that Baekje defended itself quite well against Koguryo. In fact, during the battles in the southern part of modern-day Choongcheong (忠淸) and gangwon(江原) provinces, Koguryo was hard-pressed to defend itself against Baekje, Records from Hansan(漢山) Castle, Han (漢) Castle and other places in and around the Han River[such as Soogok(水谷) Castle, Masu(馬首) Castle, Woodoo(牛頭) Castle, Sahyun(沙峴) Castle, Gomok(高木) Castle, Jangryung(長嶺) Castle, Han Castle and Heungak(橫岳)] show that Baekje continued to occupy the Han River valley during this period. Baekje not only retained control of it territories, it also expanded its territory into Shingae(新溪) of Hwanghae(黃海) provinces, including places such as Yeoncheon(漣川), Kimhwa(金化), Chooncheon(春川) and Wonju(原州). Kings Dongsung(東城; 479~501) and Mooryoung(武寧; 501~523) also continued to expand Baekje's power in the period fellowing Koguryo's attack.

백제 한성시대 후기의 북방 영역

김병남(Kim, Byoung-Nam) 백산학회 2004 白山學報 Vol.- No.69

This study is to examine the Northern territory of Baekje(百濟) from the late 4th to the early 5th century by scrutinizing records of 「The Inscription of King Gwanggaeto(廣開土) and Samguksagi. Baekje that attained the highest stage of prosperity in the period of King Guenchogo(近肖古) and King Guengusu(近仇首) started to be on the wane in the period of King Jinsa(辰斯) and King Asin(阿莘), when King Gwanggeto emerged in Goguryo(高句麗). Because of this, the northern line of defence of Baekje was in the situation of repeated advance and retreat. Nevertheless, as seen in the records of Samguksagi, the main battle line of Baekje and Goguryo in the period of King Jinsa and King Asin was formed along the Yeseong river. Because Baekje and Goguryo, like this, had fought battles in the Yeseong river valley, Goguryo, at last, started to invade Baekje on a large scale, including the naval forces, in 396, the 6th of Yeongrak(永樂), as seen in the inscription of King Gwanggaeto. The 58 castles that Goguryo took away from Baekje were located in the north of the Baekje Castle, and the range of the north seems to have been limited to north of the Han River valley and the line connected to Incheon(仁川) at the utmost. Based on the record of Samguksagi after the conquest of King Gwanggaeto, soldiers of Baekje attained the northern fence of Hansan(漢山) to attack Goguryo, and even until the period of King Gaero(蓋鹵), Baekje maintained Ssanghyeongseong(雙峴城), set up the large fence in Cheongmokryeong(靑木嶺), and made soldiers of Bukhansanseong(北漢山城) disposed in it. This shows that despite invasion of King Gwanggaeto, the northern boarder line of Baekje was restored to Imjin(臨津) and Yeseong(禮成) rivers.

고속 활주선 모형 주위의 유동해석

김병남(Byoung-Nam Kim),김우전(Wu-Joan Kim),유재훈(Jaehoon Yoo) 한국해양공학회 2009 韓國海洋工學會誌 Vol.23 No.4

Two sets if numerical simulations were carried out for a planing hull model ship. In the first, the WAVIS 1.4 linear and nonlinear potential solver was utilized with the free support condition, in which the running posture was determined during calculation. The linear and nonlinear potential calculation results showed qualitative agreement in the trim and resistance coefficient with the MOERI towing tank test. However, the nonlinear potential calculation gave better results than the linear method. In the next simulation, Fluent 6.3.26 with a VOF model and the WAVIS 1.4 nonlinear potential solver were used with the given running posture from the measurement carried out in the MOERI towing tank. Fluent with the VOF method had substantially better agreement with model test results than the results from the WAVIS nonlinear potential calculation for the total resistance coefficient, and for the bow and stern wave patterns, in spite if the much greater computational costs. Both methods can be utilized in planing hull design when their limitations are perceived, and the running posture should be predicted correctly.

Reynolds 수가 다른 컨테이너선 모형 주위의 유동 계산

김병남(Byoung-Nam Kim),박종환(Jong-Hwan Park),김우전(Wu-Joan Kim) 대한조선학회 2007 大韓造船學會 論文集 Vol.44 No.3

KLNG선 모형 주위의 유동계산 비교

김병남(Byoung-Nam Kim),김우전(Wu-Joan Kim),김광수(Kwang-Soo Kim),박일룡(Il-Ryong Park) 대한조선학회 2009 大韓造船學會 論文集 Vol.46 No.3