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Subversive Voices: The Interplay between Race and Gender in The Last of the Mohicans
김매리 서울대학교 미국학연구소 2010 미국학 Vol.33 No.2
This study explores how the Native American and feminine voices in James Fenimore Cooper’s The Last of the Mohicans engage with one another to create a subversive dialect that “violates” the racial and gender doctrines imposed upon them by white male authority. Cooper’s novel reveals contradictory strains regarding both Native Americans and women in that he inscribes contemporary racist and misogynistic views but at the same time exhibits criticism of these intolerant ideologies. In his non-fiction work, Cooper unequivocally vilifies or disparages Native Americans in order to endorse America’s westward expansion. But in writing this novel, he is prompted by what may be called a “literary impulse,” which both frees and constrains him to address the latent ambivalences and conflicts of the ideologies that underlie his narrative so that it might acquire some form of authenticity. The Native American and feminine elements present subversiveness in themselves, but on intersecting with each other throughout the novel, they carry greater potential to rupture the dominant hegemony. Contrary to the familiar view that Hawk-eye is the novel’s most prominent transgressor,this study aims to give that role to Cora. Unlike Hawk-eye, whose masculine potency and implication in American imperialism impede a genuine communion with the Indians, Cora’s racial background and gender allow her to relate to the natives on a more egalitarian basis. Personally experienced racial discrimination and identification with a collective feminine identity facilitate such transgressive relationships. This is exemplified by the fact that whereas Hawk-eye consistently paints Magua as a demonic reincarnation, Cora not only succeeds in communicating with the Huron chief but also embodies the possibility of a romantic union with him. Namely, the transgressions on part of the Indians and those on part of the female characters reinforce and amplify each other. The result is a rich narrative that carries the potential to undermine itself, truly a fitting analogy to the history of American colonization.
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김매리(Mary Kim),정민교(Min Gyo Chung) 한국정보과학회 2009 정보과학회 컴퓨팅의 실제 논문지 Vol.15 No.11
본 논문은 Wang-Ward의 WTHE(Weighted and Thresholded Histogram Equalization) 방법에 히스토그램 분할 개념을 적용한 새로운 영상 화질 개선 방법 (DWTHE: Decomposable WTHE)을 제안한다. DWTHE는 먼저 영상의 평균 밝기 값 또는 명도 균등 분할점을 기준으로 입력 히스토그램의 영역을 분할하고, 분할된 각 영역의 확률밀도 값을 가중치로 사용하여 새로운 히스토그램을 만든 후, 히스토그램 평활화 과정을 수행하게 된다. 하나의 가중치를 사용하는 WTHE 방법과 다르게, 제안 방법은 히스토그램 분할로 인한 복수의 가중치 값을 사용하게 되며, 실험 결과 제안 방법은 기존 방법에 비해 우수한 화질 개선 효과를 보여주었다. Wang and Ward developed an image contrast enhancement method called WTHE (Weighted and Thresholded Histogram Equalization). In this paper, we propose an improved variant of WTHE called DWTHE(Decomposable WTHE) that enhances WTHE through the use of histogram decomposition. Specifically, DWTHE divides an input histogram by using image's mean brightness or equally-spaced brightness points, computes a probability value for each sub-histogram, modifies the sub-histograms by using those probability values as weights, and then performs histogram equalization on the modified input histogram. As opposed to WTHE that uses a single weight, DWTHE uses multiple weights derived from histogram decomposition. Experimental results show that the proposed method outperforms the previous histogram equalization based methods.
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히스토그램 분할과 가중치에 기반한 영상 콘트라스트 향상 방법
김매리 ( Mary Kim ),정민교 ( Min Gyo Chung ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2009 인터넷정보학회논문지 Vol.10 No.3
본 논문에서는 두 가지 영상 콘트라스트 향상 기법인 RSWHE (Recursively Separated and Weighted Histogram Equalization)와 RSWHS (Recursively Separated and Weighted Histogram Specification)를 새롭게 제안한다. RSWHE는 히스토그램 평활화 방법에 히스토그램 분할과 가중치 개념을 적용하였고, RSWHS는 히스토그램 명세화 방법에 히스토그램 분할과 가중치 개념을 적용하였다. 제안 방법은 1) 입력 영상의 평균 명도 값을 기준으로 히스토그램을 분할하고, 2) 분할된 각 서브히스토그램(sub-histogram)이 차지하는 확률밀도 값을 계산하며, 3) 계산된 확률밀도 값을 가중치로 사용하여 각 서브히스토그램을 변형한 후, 4) 변형된 각 서브히스토그램을 독립적으로 평활화 하거나 (RSWHE 방법인 경우) 또는 명세화 하게 (RSWHS 방법인 경우) 된다. 다양한 영상에 대한 실험을 통하여, 제안하는 두 방법이 기존의 다른 방법들에 비하여 콘트라스트 향상과 평균 명도보존 측면에서 우수한 성능을 나타냄을 알 수 있었다. This paper proposes two new image contrast enhancement methods, RSWHE (Recursively Separated and Weighted Histogram Equalization) and RSWHS (Recursively Separated and Weighted Histogram Specification). RSWHE is a histogram equalization method based on histogram decomposition and weighting, whereas RSWHS is a histogram specification method based on histogram decomposition and weighting. The two proposed methods work as follows: 1) decompose an input histogram based on the image`s mean brightness, 2) compute the probability for the area corresponding to each sub-histogram, 3) modify the sub-histogram by weighting it with the computed probability value, 4) lastly, perform histogram equalization (in the case of RSWHE) or histogram specification (in the case of RSWHS) on the modified sub-histograms independently. Experimental results show that RSWHE and RSWHS outperform other methods in terms of contrast enhancement and mean brightness preservation as well.
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김매리 ( Mary Kim ),정민교 ( Min Gyo Chung ) 한국정보처리학회 2008 한국정보처리학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.15 No.1
본 논문에서는 Q.Wang & R.K.Ward 가 제안한 WTHE(weighted and thresholded histogram equalization)방법의 enhancement parameters 를 주어진 영상의 히스토그램 분포에 따라 적응적으로 제공하는 방법을 제안한다. WTHE 는 영상의 히스토그램을 weight 와 threshold 를 이용하여 변형한 후 히스토그램 평활화(histogram equalization : HE)방법을 수행 함으로써 화질을 개선하는 방법이다. 이 방법은 두 가지 parameters 제어로 기존의 히스토그램 평활화 방법의 단점인 과도한 밝기 변화와 불필요한 artifacts 를 줄일 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 WTHE 방법을 좀 더 간편하면서 다양한 분야에 적용하기 위해서 입력 영상에 따라 달라지는 parameters 값을 자동으로 제공하는 적응형 WTHE(Adaptive WTHE : AWTHE) 방법을 제안하고, 제안된 방법의 성능을 실험으로 제시한다.
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중환자실 환자의 수면증진 중재가 수면의 질 및 섬망발생에 미치는 효과
이은남,조정림,김매리,이은주,이영휘,최은주,이혜란,Lee, Eun-Nam,Cho, Jeong-Lim,Kim, Mae-Ri,Lee, Eun-Ju,Lee, Yeong-Hui,Choi, Eun-Ju,Lee, Hye-Ran 한국중환자간호학회 2012 중환자간호학회지 Vol.5 No.1
Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of eye-shields and sleep-inducing music application on sleep quality and incidence of delirium for intensive care unit (ICU) patients. Methods: This study was a untreated control group design with pretest and posttest. The data was collected in the ICU of D University Hospital in Busan, from June to September 2011. Thirteen subjects were assigned to eye-shields and sleep-inducing music intervention and 15 subjects were in the control group. Results: Eye-shields and sleep-inducing music application was effective for improving the quality of sleep in ICU patients. There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of delirium between the two groups. Conclusion: The sleep improvement intervention with eye-shields and sleep-inducing music would be a meaningful part of nursing intervention programs to enhance the quality of sleep in ICU patients.
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