홀스타인 젖소에 있어서 체중과 산유량의 유전상과 추정

안병석(B . S . Ahn),최유림(Y . L . Choi),최성복(S . B . Choi),김준식(J . S . Kim),김내수(N . S . Kim) 한국낙농학회 1999 韓國酪農學會誌 Vol.21 No.3

N/A N/A

한우개량 50년의 회고와 전망

김내수(Kim N.S),이중재(J.J. Lee),당창권(C.K. Dang),정용호(Y.H. Jung),전혁진(H.J. Cheon) 충북대학교 동물생명과학연구소 2014 동물생명과학연구 Vol.6 No.-

이 논문은 한우의 개량목표를 역용에서 육용으로 전환한 1963년의 한우개량협의회 결정을 한우개량의 전환점으로 삼아 1963년 이전과 이후를 구분하여 한우 개량을 회고하고 성과를 일별하며 앞으로 한우개량을 위하여 하여야 할 일을 토의하고 전망하였다. 한우의 생물통계학적 조사는 1920년대부터 시작되어 한우가 소형 내지는 중형종으로 인식하게 되었다. 유량을 조사한바 평균 437kg으로서 매우 낮은 수준이었고 결과적으로 초기 성장에 어려움이 있음을 인지하게 되었다. 역용으로 이용 시 견인력과 부중력은 농경에 충분한 수준이었음을 확인하였다. 초기의 한우개량은 품평회를 통하여 수행하였다. 한우 개량을 위한 인공수정은 1961년부터 시작되었고, 등록은 1963년부터 시작 되었으며 전국 규모의 한우품평회는 1969년에 최초로 열려 여기에서 입상한 가축들이 인공수정용 종모우로 이용되었다. 당대검정과 후대검정을 거쳐 보증 종모우가 생산된 것은 1987년 이후이다. 한우의 개량 목표는 농림축산식품부 고시로 결정되는데 현재의 목표는 수소에 한해 제시되고 있다. 개량 형질은 비거세우의 6, 12 18개월령 체중과 거세우의 6, 12 및 출하체중, 도체중 등지방 두께 상강도 및 배장근단면적 등이다. 종모우의 유전능력은 추정후손차(EPD)로 제시되고 형질은도체중 등지방두께 상강도 및 배장근단면적과 10개형질의 체척치이다. 83년에서 2012년까지 종모우 선발 강도는 1.67이었으며, 암소 12개월령 체중은 매년 6.8kg, 36개월령은 매년 12.4kg, 그리고 비거세 수소 12개월령은 매년 17.6kg, 거세 18개월령 체중은 매년 12kg의 증가하였다. 후대검정은 농장검정을 할 수 없어 효율적이지 못하였고, 후대검정을 검정소 검정에 의존한 육질형질의 개량속도는 대단히 느린 결과를 보여주고 있다. 그러므로 효율적 개량을 위한 개량체계의 개선과 개량 형질의 추가가 필요하다. 새로운 생명공학적 기술과 분자유전학적 지식의 접목 또한 필요하다. 소수의 종모우 사용으로 인한 근교계수증가 문제도 반드시 개량체계에서 고려하여야 할 것이다. A breeding goal of Hanwoo(korean cattle) was altered from draft to meat animal at the committee of Hanwoo improvement in 1963. The alteration of breeding goal was regarded as turning point for Hanwoo breeding, therefore this paper reviewed Hanwoo breeding strategy before and after 1963 which is the time to alter the breeding goal and discussed for future breeding system for Hanwoo improvement. A biometrical investigation started from early 1920 showed that Hanwoo is a small or mid type breed, a cow produce 437kg of milk per lactation which is not enough amount to raise calf, and the draft power of Hanwoo is sufficient for agricultural purpose. An animal show was a only breeding system for Hanwoo improvement at early 20th century. An artificial insemination(AI) for Hanwoo reproduction was started in 1961 and the recording system for herd book of Hanwoo in 1963. The champion bulls selected form national animal show in 1969 were used as proven sires for AI. After 1987, the proven sires were selected by performance and progeny test. An enforced rule of MAFRA(ministry of agriculture, food and rural affairs) showed current breeding goal of steer and bull. The body weights of 6, 12 and 18 months for bull and of 6, 12, slaughtering and carcass for steer, and back fat thickness, loin area and marbling score of steer carcass were included in the rule for the traits of improvement. The genetic values of proven sire were denoted by expected progeny difference(EPD) for carcass weight, back fat thickness, loin area, marbling score and 10 traits of body size. The mean selection intensity of bull from 1983 to 2012 was 1.67. Hanwoo population was improved 6.8kg for yearling weight of heifer calf, 12.4kg for 36 months weight of cow, 17.6 kg for yearling weight of bull calf and 12.0kg for 18 months weight for steer per year. As the progeny test for carcass traits were practised at a station(Hanwoo improvement center), very small amount of improvement resulted on carcass and meat traits. In oder to increase the efficiency of selection intensity for carcass and meat traits, breeding system for progeny test should be altered from station to farm. The future breeding system must be added the traits to be improved, used new biotechnology and molecular genetic options and considered to decrease inbreeding coefficients.

한우 종모우의 혈연관계 추적

김내수(N. S. Kim),이중재(J. J. Lee),당창권(C. G. Dang),정용호(Y. H. Jeoung),원유석(Y. S. Won) 충북대학교 동물생명과학연구소 2010 동물생명과학연구 Vol.3 No.-

The purpose of this study was to monitor the status of pedigree structure and to estimate the additive relationship and inbreeding coefficients of active Hanwoo proven bulls. A total 3,760 Pedigree records of proven and young bulls and heifers from 1983 to 2008 were used in this study. Intel Visual Fortran Compiler (Window Ver. 11.1) was used to compute the numerator relationship matrix(A) and to estimate the inbreeding coefficients using the self-made fortran program included three subroutines(MATCH, SHIFT, NRM). The ratio of relatedness among the active Hanwoo proven bulls ranged from 20.75 to 94.34% and the inbreeding coefficients of 4 proven bulls were estimated 0.78, 3.13, 0.05 and 1.56%, respectively. The estimated inbreeding coefficients were less than other researches. However, the ratio of relatedness among the active Hanwoo proven bulls was estimated very high. Because of these results, the probability of inbred animals will be increased. Therefore, cattle breeders will be considered the active selection index consisting of economic weight as well as relationship and inbreeding coefficients of animals when the proven bulls will be selected.

품종 교체전략에 따른 유전적 변화의 추정

김내수 ( N . S . Kim ) 한국축산학회 1992 한국축산학회지 Vol.34 No.4

In order to improve native breed which has poor performance in general, we have to estimate relative genetic value of the population. If there are some exotic breeds which has far superior performance to native breed, we must decide the stratege to improve the native breed whether through conventional selection method in a closed population or through imports genes from exotic breeds for breed replacement. Breed diffence, coefficient of variation and heritability of the traits to be improved and selection intensity of conventional selection strateges influence the size of improve of the closed population. Relative economic value of the native breed must be estimated in order to decide whether close or open the population to the exotic gene It should also be known that how many generation should be required to get the level of exotic breed through selection in a closed population of native breed. Higher the coefficient of variation, heritability of interested traits and selection intensity and lower the differences of two breeds have shortend the number of generation to reach the means of improved population through closed selection strateges. However, if it is required more than 10 generation to reach to average level of exotic breed, we have to consider the breed replacement stratege in economic points of view.

생태계 변화 모니터링과 IoT 융합기술 동향

김내수,표철식,오충현,김은식,Kim, N.S.,Pyo, C.S.,Oh, C.H.,Kim, E.S. 한국전자통신연구원 2013 전자통신동향분석 Vol.28 No.4

21세기의 화두인 환경오염 및 기후변화에 따른 생태계 변화는 미래사회의 최대 위협으로써, 국제적뿐만 아니라 우리나라가 지속 가능한 사회로 발전하기 위해서는 생태계 변화에 대한 실시간 모니터링 및 이를 기반으로 한 예측 및 예보 시스템을 확보해야 하는데, 이를 위해 체계적이고 장기적인 대응 및 대책이 필요한 시점이다. 본고에서는 생태계 변화 모니터링을 위한 국내외 연구개발 동향과 차세대 실시간 생태계 관측 네트워크의 하나의 대안이 될 수 있는 IoT(Internet of Things)의 센서네트워크 기반 생태계 변화 모니터링 국내외 융합 기술 동향들을 살펴보고자 한다. 아울러, 향후 실시간 생태계 변화 모니터링을 위한 기술적 이슈 및 전망 등을 간략히 제시하고자 한다.

유전 및 육종 : MTDFREML 방법과 Gibbs Sampling 방법에 의한 한우의 육질형질 유전모수 추정

김내수 ( N. S. Kim ),이중재 ( J. J. Lee ),주종철 ( J. C. Ju ) 한국동물자원과학회 ( 구 한국축산학회 ) 2006 한국축산학회지 Vol.48 No.3

한우와 육우교잡종에 대한 산육 및 사료이용성에 관한 연구

홍성구(S . K . Hong),나기준(K . J . Na),이근상(K . S . Lee),김내수(N . S . Kim),이택원(T . W . Lee) 한국축산학회 1988 한국축산학회지 Vol.30 No.1

This study was carried out to investigate the growth rate, feed efficiency and carcass traits of Korean native cattle (KK), and it`s crossbreedsive Simmental carssbreed (SK), Brown Swiss crossbreed (BK) and Japanese brown crossbreed (JK) at livestock experiment station from 1979 to 1986. The effects of the mating system, year of birth and season of birth on the body weights at 6, 9, 12, 15 and 18 months of age, on the nutrient intakes at the different months of age and on the carcass traits were estimated by least squares method. Breed groups were consisted of 12 calves; of KK, 6 calves of SK, 8 calves of BK and 5 calves of JK. 1. Growth capacity The average body weights of KK, SK BK and JK were 97.1±16.4㎏, 182.8±11.5㎏, 191.8±14.0㎏ and 127.9±15.4㎏ at 6 months (P$lt;0.05), 169.0±20.9㎏, 289.4±14.7㎏, 277.7±17.8㎏ and 223.8±19.6㎏ at 9 months, 242.7±29.7㎏, 424.7±20.9㎏, 386.3±25.3㎏ and 329.4±27.9㎏ at 12 months, 343.0±31.7㎏, 527.3±22.3㎏, 495.0±27.1㎏ and 410.8±29.8㎏ at 15 months, 421.6±32.9㎏, 625.7±23.1㎏, 573.3±28.1㎏ and 497.4±31.0㎏ at 18 months of age, respectively (P$lt;0.01). The average daily gains of KK, SK, BK and JK were 0.90±0.06㎏, 1.23±.004㎏, 1.06±0.05㎏ and 1.03±0.06㎏, respectively (P$lt;0.01). 2. Feed efficiency D.M. requirements per ㎏ gain of KK, SK, BK and JK were 6.48±0.30㎏, 6.50±0.25㎏, 7.52±0.30㎏ and 6.43±0.33㎏, respectively (P$lt;0.05). The average amounts of C.P, requirement per ㎏ gain of KK, SK, BK and JK were 1.03±0.05㎏, 1.06±0.04㎏, 1.23±0.05㎏ and 1.00±0.05{{ }}㎏, respectively (P$lt;0.05). 3. Carcass traits The average carcass percentages of KK, SK, BK and JK were 60.1±1.3%, 62.2±1.0%, 61.4±1.2% and 60.6±1.2%, and the average lean meat percentages of KK, SK, BK and JK were 44.3±1.2%, 46.4±0.9%, 43.3±1.1% and 43.4±1.0%, respectively. There were no significant differences among breed groups in carcass and lean meat percentage.

농후사료 급여수준이 비거세 한우의 증체와 부위별 지방조직의 지방산 조성에 미치는 효과

송만강,김내수,정정수,최양일,원유석,정재경,최성호 ( M . K . Song,N . S . Kim,C . S . Chung,Y . I . Choi,Y . S . Won,J . K . Chung,S . H . Choi ) 한국축산학회 1998 한국축산학회지 Vol.40 No.5

The study was conducted with 63 Hanwoo bull calves of 193 days old for 19 months(up to 26 month of age) to examine the effect of feeding level of concentrate on the body weight gain, feed requirements and fatty acid composition of adipose tissues of various locations(subcutaneous, abdominal, kidney, intermuscular and intramuscular fats). The calves were allotted into 3 treatments according to the feeding level of concentrate(85, 100 and 115%), and fed concentrates of Grower(7∼10 month of age), Finisher I(11∼16 month of age), Finisher II (17∼20 month of age) and Finisher III(21∼26 month of age). The feeding levels of concentrates for the cattle of 85% and 115% were decreased or increased by 15%, respectively, up to 15 month of age based on the similar body weight to the cattle of 100%. The feeding levels of the concentrates for the cattle of 85% and 100% were continuously increased for the next 2 months, to make same levels as for the cattle of I15%, thereafter amount of concentrate were continuously increased based on the rate of body gain for all the cattle. The cattle were fed in a individual feeding system through the experimental period. The cattle were slaughtered at the ages of 6, 14, 18 and 24 month and adipose tissues were collected to analyze long chain fatty acids. Results observed from the study were summarized as follows Overall mean dry matter intake and body gain per day and feed requirements of Hanwoo bulls during the 19 months of feeding from 193 day old calves were 6.69㎏, 0.95㎏ and 7.06, respectively. Body gain of the Hanwoo bulls during experimental period was greatly affected by the feeding level of concentrate, but feed requirement was improved up to 20 month of age with the decreased feeding level of concentrate. Fatty acids of C_(16:0) C_(18:0) and C_(18:1) in the adipose tissues at various locations of Hanwoo bulls were dominated. The feeding level of concentrate did not affect the fatty acid composition except for C_(16:1) and C_(18:1) in subcutaneous fat, and C_(18:1) and C_(18:2) in intramuscular fat of the cattle that were fed at the level of 85% at the age of 14 month(P$lt;.05). No differences were observed in fatty acid composition of adipose tissues of each location for the cattle of 18 and 24 month of age among treatments. There were tendencies of greater C_(16:1) and C_(18:1) in subcutaneous and intramuscular fats while higher C_(18:0) in abdominal fat. There were also trends of greater unsaturated fatty acid compositions in subcutaneous and intramuscular fats and higher saturated fatty acids in abdominal, kidney and intermuscular fats. Percent C_(18:0) tended to be decreased while C_(16:1) C_(18:1) and C_(18:2) increased with the age of Hanwoo bulls.

빈우의 체위 및 체중이 독우의 체중에 미치는 영향

안병석(B . S . Ahn),김내수(N . S . Kim),정기화(K . H . Chung),오대균(D . K . Oh),강만석(M . S . Kang) 한국축산학회 1990 한국축산학회지 Vol.32 No.5

This study was carried out to determine the effects of body measurements and weights of dams on calves body weights in Korean native cattle raised at National Animal Breeding Institute from 1981 to 1988. The data obtained from the records for 194 heads of cows and 185 heads of calves. For calf body weight at birth, the effect of dam parity on male calf was significant at 1% level. The effect for calf weight at 3 months was not significant, but the effect for calf weight at weaning was significant at 1% level on the female and the male. On the phenotypic correlations of body weights and measurements of dams on calves weights at birth the body weight of the female on 3rd parity were positively correlated with chest width, hip width and thurl width of dam. On the Ist parity, body weight of the male at 3 month were positively correlated with widthers height, chest girth, chest widths, hip width, thurl width, body weight of dam. But those of weaning weights of calves with body measurements and weights of dam did not showed uniform trend.

젖소의 골반입구 크기와 요각폭에 (腰角幅) 대한 산차효과 및 유전력 추정

안병석(B . S . Ahn),상병돈(B . D . Sang),윤문석(M . S . Yun),김재원(J . W . Kim),전재원(J . W . Jeon),조윤연(Y . Y . Cho),박태진(T . J . Park),김내수(N . S . Kim) 한국축산학회 1992 한국축산학회지 Vol.34 No.6

To estimate the effect of parity, and the heritability of the pelvic inlet size and rump width, the data set of 276 heads of dairy cattle were analized. The parity influenced on the pelvic inlet size and rump width (p $lt;.01). The heritabilities of the pelvic inlet size and rump width were .24±.24, .28±.22 by GLM and Harvey, .40±.23, .35±.23 by ML, .43±.23, .38±.23 by REML, .59±.22, .30±.22 by MIVQUE, respectively.