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태양열 이용 냉난방 공조시스템 중 전열교환기 성능에 관한 연구
김광호(K.H.Kim),최광환(K.H.Choi),금종수(J.S.Kum),김보철(B.C.Kim),김종렬(J.R.Kim) 한국태양에너지학회 1999 한국태양에너지학회 논문집 Vol.19 No.4
본 논문은 태양열을 구동원으로 하고 액체흡수제인 염화리튬(LiCl) 용액을 이용하여 제습/냉방 및 난방을 하나의 시스템으로 이루는 태양열 이용 냉난방 공조시스템 중 여름철 전열교환기의 제습/냉방에 관한 성능실험 결과이다. 여름의 고온다습한 실내공기는 휀에 의해 전열교환기로 유입되어 충진층에서 살수된 LiCl 용액과 직접 접촉하여 제습/냉각된 후, 건조공기로 바뀌어 실내로 취출된다. 한편 수분을 흡수하여 저농도 용액으로 변한 LiCl 용액은 재생기에서 태양열에 의해 다시 고농도 용액으로 바뀌어 흡수포텐셜을 갖는다.<br/> 본 실험에서는 형상 및 크기가 다른 3가지 충진재를 사용하여 전열교환기으 제습성능을 비교하였으며, 절대습도기준 총괄 물질전달계수인 k_xa(kg/h·m3·??x)로써 그 성능을 평가하였다. 특히 k_xa값은 액체흡수제유량, 공기 풍량, 충진재 형상 및 충진층 높이에 따라 변한다. 따라서 이에 대한 영향을 조사하기 위하여 여러 가지 실험한 결과, 풍량은 k_xa값에 미치는 영향이 컸으나, 유량은 그다지 영향을 미치지 않음을 알 수 있었다. 또한 충진재의 형상에 따른 비교 실험에서 충진재의 직경이 큰 경우에는 충진층 높이의 영향이 컸으나, 직경이 작은 경우에는 높이에 의한 영향이 직경이 큰 경우보다 작았다. 이상의 실험 결과로부터 k_xa값을 충진재 형상 및 충진층 높이에 따라 정리하면 최적 전열교환기 설계 및 제작에 기초자료로 활용할 수 있음을 알았다. This report introduces a total heat exchanger in a solar air-conditioning system using Lithium Chloride (LiCl) solution. The hot and humid outside air is cooled and dehumidified by LiCl solution that is sprayed on the packed layer of the total heat exchanger. LiCl solution once diluted is concentrated again in a regenerator using solar energy.<br/> Three types as the packed materials were used in this experiment and the dehumidification performance was evaluated by the value of k_xa(kg/h·m3·?x), overall mass transfer coefficient based on a humidity ratio potential difference, the influence of inlet LiCI solution flow rate, air flow rate, packed layer height on k_xa was investigated. It was found that air flow rate, LiCl solution flow rate, packed layer height for all types had a great influnce on the value of k_xa.
Brahman 과 Santa Gertrudis 의 유전형질을 이용한 제주한우 개량에 관한 연구 2 . 이유후 성장에 미치는 품종 및 환경요인 효과
김동철(D . C . Kim),김중계(J . K . Kim),이희석(H . S . Lee),백윤기(Y . K . Paik) 한국축산학회 1987 한국축산학회지 Vol.29 No.6
The primary objective of this breeding project was to study methods for improvement of economically important traits of Cheju Native Cattle with Brahman and Santa Gertrudis that are adaptable to specific climatic conditions, poor quality forage and to make use of some other genetic merits. Date obtained from 428 calves (59 Cheju Native Cattle, 60 Brahman, 40 Santa Gertrudis and 269 crossbreds) were analyzed to estimate main effects of environmental factors on postweaning periods. The results of this study are summarized as follows; 1. The average body weights of Cheju Native Cattle at 12 months (101.8 ㎏) and at 18 months (179.3 Kg) were lightest among the purebreds, and average body weights of Brahman at 12 months and 18 months of age were 196.9 ㎏ and 253.3 ㎏, respectively, which were heavier than those of the Santa Gertrudis (188.8 ㎏ and 234.7 ㎏, at the same age). 2. The average body weights of BK (Brahman × Cheju Native Cattle) and SK (Santa Gertrudis × Cheju Native Cattle) were lighter than any other crossbreds observed. The back crossbred, B2K (BK × Brahman) and S2K (SK × Santa G.), grew faster and were hoavier at 12 months (B2K; 193.4 ㎏, SK; 183.4 ㎏) than the crossbred × back crossbreds (BK × B2K and SK × S2K), which were 182.4 ㎏ and 182.5 ㎏, respectively. The average body weight of BK × B2K at 18 months was 241.7 ㎏, which was considerably higher than those of B2K (238.8 ㎏) and SK × S2K (229.2 ㎏). which were similar to those of S2K (230.2 ㎏) (PG0.07. ). 3. Sex and year of birth had a highly significant effect (P$lt;0.01) on the weight of calves, but effects of the age of dam and parity were not noted.
솔잎, 깻잎 및 녹차분말이 함유된 유화형 소시지 품질특성
김일석,진상근,하경희,류현지,박기훈,Kim, I.K.,Jin, S.K.,Hah, K.H.,Lyou, H.J.,Park, K.H. 한국축산학회 2005 한국축산학회지 Vol.47 No.4
본 연구는 기능성 물질인 솔잎분말(T1), 깻잎분말(T2), 녹차분말(T3)을 각각 0.4% 첨가하여 제조된 유화형 기능성 소시지를 $9{\pm}1^{\circ}C$에서 40일간 저장하면서 10일 간격으로 품질특성을 조사하였다. 저장기간이 증가함에 따라 pH는 증가하였다. 저장기간에 따라 모든 처리구에서 보수력이 다소 증가하였으나, 저장 40일 보수력이 급격히 감소하였다. 조직감 측정에서 저장기간이 길어짐에 따라 모든 처리구에서 경도, 씹힘성, 검성과 파쇄성은 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. TBARS는 저장 1일에는 T3구가 다른 처리구에 비해 낮게 나타났으나, 저장 40일에는 T1이 다소 높은 값을 나타내었다. 육색은 T2를 제외한 나머지 처리구들은 저장기간에 따라 L*값이 다소 감소하였고, a*값은 대조구가 가장 높게, T2와 T3는 월등히 낮게 나타났다. 잔존 아질산염은 저장 전 기간 동안 법적 규정이내를 유지하였다. 저장 40일차에 대조구가 가장 높은 유산균수(107CFU/g)를 나타내어 모든 처리구들 보다 높은 수준이었다. 전체적인 기호도는 저장 30일차까지 C가 5.5-6.5, T1은 4.8-6.0, T2는 4.8-5.8, T3는 4.3-4.8 범위로 나타났다. 이상의 결과에서 이들 기능성 물질을 함유한 육제품 생산 시에는 솔잎, 깻잎, 녹차분말의 첨가수준이나 첨가형태 및 사용되는 향신료 등에 대한 더 많은 연구가 진행될 필요가 있다. This study was carried out to investigate the effects of addition of functional material(T1; pine needle powder, 0.4%, T2; perilla leaves powder, 0.4%, T3; green tea powder, 0.4%) on the quality characteristics of emulsion-type sausages. The samples were stored at $9{\pm}1^{\circ}C$ for 40 days and analyzed with an interval of 10 days. The pH of all emulsion-type sausages increased as storage period increased. Water holding capacity(WHC) of all treatments were slightly increased as storage period increased and rapidly decreased on 40 days of storage. In texture analysis, hardness, chewiness, gumminess and brittleness were increased with storage in all treatments group. TBARS values of T3 was lower than those of other treatments at 1 days of storage, while that was the slightly higher in T4 at 40 day of storage. The L* values was decreased as storage period increased. The a* values was highest in C, while it was the lowest in T2 and T3. The residual nitrite content of all samples were in very safe range during the whole storage period. During the storage period 40 days, the Lactobacilli spp. of C were higher($10^7$CFU/g) than those of 3 treatments. In sensory evaluation, the score of overall acceptability were higher in the order of C(5.5-6.5)>T1(4.8-6.0)>T2(4.8-5.8)>T3(4.3-4.8). In the manufacture of functional sausage containing pine needle, perilla leaves and green tea powder, further studied are needs on addition type/ratio of functional materials and the use of added spices.
1994년도 한국신생아외과의 현황 - 대한소아외과학회 회원대상 전국조사 -
김우기,김상윤,김신곤,김인구,김재천,박귀원,박영식,박우현,박주섭,송영택,오수명,이두선,이명덕,이성철,장수일,정을삼,정풍만,주종수,최순옥,허영수,황의호,Kim, W.K.,Kim, S.Y.,Kim, S.K.,Kim, I.K.,Kim, J.C.,Park, K.W.,Park, Y.S.,Park, W.H.,Park, J.S.,Song, Y.T.,Oh, S.M.,Le 대한소아외과학회 1996 소아외과 Vol.2 No.1
To understand the current status of neonatal surgery in Korea, a survey was made among the 27 members of Korean Association of Pediatric Surgeons. Response rate among surgeons was 78 percent, eighteen hospitals participated in this study. Five hundred and three cases of neonatal surgical patients were analyzed. In Korea, about 50% of cases were treated at the hospital in the capital city area. Regional number of patients were closely related to the regional population. Imperforate anus(19%), atresia/stenosis of gut(12%), and Hirschsprung's diseases(12%) were sitting at the top in the list. Majority of operation was done within the first week of life, especially during the first 24 hour period. Eighty per cent was major or so called index cases. Mortality in so-called index cases was 17%. High mortality was observed in patients with diaphragmatic hernia(47%), gastrointestinal perforation(65%) and esophageal atresia(28%). Low birth weight babies showed higher mortality in gastrointestinal perforation, esophageal atresia and abdominal wall defect. These were compared to 1993 survey of Japanese Society of Pediatric Surgeons.