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한국어에서의 공손함을 나타내는 운율적 특성에 관한 연구
고현주,김상훈,김종진,Ko Hyun-ju,Kim Sang-Hun,Kim Jong-Jin 대한음성학회 2003 말소리 Vol.45 No.-
This study is a kind of a preliminary study to develop naturalness of dialog TTS system. In this study, as major characteristics of politeness in Korean, temporal(total duration of utterances, speech rate and duration of utterance final syllables) and F0(mean F0, boundary tone pattern, F0 range) features were discussed through acoustic analysis of recorded data of semantically neutral sentences, which were spoken by ten professional voice actors under two conditions of utterance type - namely, normal and polite type. The results show that temporal characteristics were significantly different according to the utterance type but F0 characteristics were not.
제주 구멍갈파래 가수분해물에 의한 노화된 섬유아세포 증식 및 콜라겐 합성증진 효과
고현주 ( Hyun Ju Ko ),김경범 ( Gyoung Bum Kim ),이동환 ( Dong Hwan Lee ),이근수 ( Geun Soo Lee ),표형배 ( Hyeong Bae Pyo ) 대한화장품학회 2013 대한화장품학회지 Vol.39 No.3
피부 섬유아세포는 인간 피부의 주요 콜라겐 생산 세포이다. 노화가 진행되면, 섬유아세포에서의 콜라겐 생산이 감소되고, matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1)에 의해 시작되는 콜라겐 조각화가 증가된다. 즉 섬유아세포의 콜라겐 항상성의 불균형으로 인해 피부 collagenous, 세포외기질(ECM)의 구조와 기능이 변형되어, 피부노화가 촉진되는 것이다. Cysteine rich protein 61 (CCN1)는 CCN family의 일부이며, 인간피부의 섬유아세포에서 콜라겐 항상성을 조절하는 단백질이다. 노화된 인간 피부 섬유아세포에서의 CCN1 과 발현은 실질적으로 유형 Ⅰ procollagen 생성을 감소시킴과 동시에 MMP-1의 발현을 증가시켜 섬유의 콜라겐 저하를 일으킨다. 그리고 노화된 섬유아세포는 노화 전 섬유아세포에 비해 증식률이 감소한다. 본 연구에서 만들어 사용한 복제 노화 피부 섬유아세포는 유형 Ⅰ procollagen의 생성량이 감소하였고, MMP-1의 발현 수준이 증가하는 특징을 나타냈다. 또한 CCN1 단백질의 발현이 증가되고, 증식률이 감소하는 특징을 나타냈다. 가수분해 구멍갈파래 추출물은 노화 전 섬유아세포에서 새로운 콜라겐의 합성을 촉진하고 자외선에 의해 증가된 MP-1의 발현을 감소시켜 광노화를 개선하는 물질로 알려져 있다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 활성을 나타내는 가수분해 구멍갈파래 추출물을 사용하여, 복제 노화 피부 섬유아세포에서 가수분해 구멍갈파래 추출물에 의한 CN1 단백질의 발현 억제 여부를 조사하였으며, 이들 추출물은 배양된 복제 노화 피부 섬유아세포에서 유형 Ⅰ procollagen의 생성을 증가시켰으며, MMP-1 발현을 억제시키는 것을 확인하였다. 또한, 콜라겐 항상성을 조절하는 단백질인 CN1 발현을 크게 감소시켰으며, 노화세포의 증식률을 증가시켰다. 이 결과는 복제 노화 섬유아세포가 in vitro 자연 노화모델로 화장품 원료 활성 연구에 사용될 수 있음을 말한다. 그리고 가수분해 구멍갈파래 추출물은 광노화 뿐 아니라 자연노화를 개선하는 피부미용제로 주름개선 기능성 화장품에 사용가능 하다는 것을 의미한다. Skin dermal fibroblast is the major collagen-producing cell type in human skin. As aging process continues in human skin, collagen production is reduced and fragmentation is increased, which is initiated by matrix metalloproteinase- 1 (MMP-1). This imbalance of collagen homeostasis impairs the structure and function of dermal collagenous extracellular matrix (ECM), thereby promoting skin aging. Cysteine-rich protein 61 (CCN1), a member of the CCN family, negatively regulates collagen homeostasis in primary human skin dermal fibroblast cells. It is known in aging fibroblast cells that elevated CCN1 expression substantially reduces type Ⅰ procollagen and concurrently increases MMP-1, which initiates fibrillar collagen degradation. And proliferation rate of aging fibroblast cells is reduced compared to the pre-aging fibroblast cells. In this study, we confirmed that the replicative senescence dermal fibroblast cells increased the expression levels of MMP-1 and decreased the production of type I procollagen. Our results also showed that the replicative senescence dermal fibroblast cells increased in the expression of CCN1 and decreased in the proliferation rate. Hydrolyzed Ulva pertusa extracts are the materials to improve photo-aging by reducing the expression of MMP-1 that was increased by ultraviolet and by promoting the synthesis of new collagen from fibroblast cells. In this study, we also investigated the hydrolyzed U. pertusa extract to see whether it inhibits CCN1 protein expression in the senescence fibroblasts. Results showed that the hydrolyzed U. pertusa extract inhibited the expression of MMP-1 and increased the production of type I procollagen in the aging skin fibroblast cells cultured. In addition, the proteins that regulate collagen homeostasis CCN1 expression were greatly reduced. The hydrolyzed U. pertusa extract increased the proliferation rate of the aging fibroblast cells. These results suggest that replicative senescent fibroblast cells may be used in the study of cosmetic ingredients as a model of the natural aging. In conclusion, the hydrolyzed U. pertusa extract can be used in anti-wrinkle functional cosmetic material to improve the natural aging skin care as well as photo- aging.
이숙향,고현주,김수진,Lee, Sook-Hyang,Ko, Hyun-Ju,Kim, Soo-Jin 대한음성학회 2007 말소리 Vol.64 No.-
The purpose of this study is to investigate prosodic characteristics in the speech of adults with cerebral palsy through a comparison with the speech of normal speakers. Ten speakers with cerebral palsy (6 males, 4 females) and 6 normal speakers (3 males, 3 females) served as subjects. The results revealed that, compared to normal speakers, speakers with cerebral palsy showed a slower speech rate, a larger number of intonational phrases(IPs) and pauses, a larger number of accentual phrases(APs) per IP, a longer duration of pauses, and more gradual slopes of [L +H] in APs. However, the two groups showed similar tone patterns in their APs. The results also showed mild to moderate correlations between speech intelligibility and the prosodic properties which showed significant differences between the two groups, suggesting that they could be important prosodic factors to predict speech intelligibility in the speech of adults with cerebral palsy.