Joint Effects of Photoactive TiO2 and Fluoride-Doping on SnO2 Inverse Opal Nanoarchitecture for Solar Water Splitting

강순형,윤건 한국공업화학회 2015 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2015 No.0

Nowadays, the exploration of new photoelectrode architectures to improve the light-harvesting and charge-collection properties of photoelectrochemical cells and related devices have been regarded as a challenging work. Here, we synthesized the inverse opal SnO2 for photoelectrochemical water splitting by the spin-coating method exploring the polystyrene beads with a size of approximately 350 nm. The SnO2 inverse opal structure shows the photonic crystal effect with a wellordered hexagonal structure packing. Upon this film, the photoactive TiO2 layer with various thicknesses from 10 nm to 40 nm was deposited by atomic layer deposition. Herein, it is expected that an optimal TiO2 layer takes part in a role as a photoactive material. Adding to these results, the F doping on the SnO2 inverse opal film was also examined with the TiO2 layers. These results were confirmed using Field-emission scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer.

Inverse Opal SnO₂ based photoelectrochemical water splitting

강순형,윤건 한국공업화학회 2015 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2015 No.1

Nowadays, the exploration of new photoelectrode architectures to improve the light-harvesting and charge-collection properties of photoelectrochemical cells and related devices have been regarded as a challenging work. Here, we synthesized the inverse opal SnO₂ for photoelectrochemical water splitting by the spin-coating method exploring the polystyrene beads with a size of approximately 350 nm. The SnO₂ inverse opal structure shows the photonic crystal effect with a well-ordered hexagonal structure packing. Upon this film, the photoactive TiO₂ layer with various thicknesses from 10 nm to 40 nm was deposited by atomic layer deposition. Herein, it is expected that an optimal TiO₂ layer takes part in a role as a photoactive material. Adding to these results, the Sb doping on the SnO₂ inverse opal film was also examined with the TiO₂ layers. Detail results and discussion would be presented.

Synthesis of nanobranched TiO2 nanotubes and their application to dye-sensitized solar cell

강순형,이원주,나윤채,이국승,김현식 한국물리학회 2013 Current Applied Physics Vol.13 No.1

Nanobranched TiO2 nanotubes (TONTs) were synthesized by a solegel dipping method for the formation of seed layer, followed by a solution-phase deposition process. The different concentrations of seed solution influence the density of nanobranches on the top surface of TONT, achieving complete surface coverage of nanobranches in 10 mM TiCl4 seed solution relative to 5 mM TiCl4 seed solution. With a control sample of bare TONT, the nanobranched TONTs were explored as a photoanode for dyesensitized solar cells (DSSCs). In the 5 mM TiCl4 seed solution, the nanotree-shaped branches were sporadically formed on the top surface of TONT, with little effect on the photocurrent-voltage (JeV) properties, while in the 10 mM TiCl4 seed solution, Jsc and fill factor increased, which may have been on account of the increased surface area and light scattering effect from rutile nanobranches, whereas the fill factor may be also increased by the electron transport property, leading to the degraded charge recombination. Accordingly, the nanobranched TONT showed 33% improved efficiency compared to bare TONT.

길가에 서 있는 부처

강순형 세계평화교수협의회 1986 廣場 Vol.151 No.-

정병 받침그릇(淨甁承盤) 살핌 高麗불화(佛畵) : 수월관음그림(水月觀音圖)으로

강순형 국립문화재연구원 2001 헤리티지:역사와 과학 Vol.34 No.-

Among many different types of wares, we have amazing Sacred Water-pot(따르개,注子) from Gotyo-period(고리,高麗,918-1392). The stylistic peculiarity of Jung-Byoung(정병,淨甁) is described in 《Goryo-Dhogyoung,고리도경,高麗圖經》, thr classical design canon. it is said, "A sharpened mouth with narrow and prolonged neck is attached upon the broad mouth with thicker and even longer neck of the pot whose body intimates to the shape of melon." One could find this Jung-Byoung similar to the Indian drinking water jar,Kundika, which has been. even today, an everyday article in houses as well as in temples. In the early Buddhist cult, the object had been adopted as personal belonging of the Bodhisattvas(보살,菩薩), especially of the Bodhisattva Avalokitesvara(관세음보살,觀世音菩薩). In short, the purifying character of water is met by the sacred ware to deliver the refreshing Sweet-Water(Holy-Water, 깨맑물, 단물, 단이슬물, 정수, 감로, 감로수, 성수, 단물, 淨水, 甘露, 甘露水, 聖水):For the holy purpose of fulfilling the thirst of people, of symbolozing the virtuous dharma. Thus, Ggamslkh-Byoung(깨맑병,淨水), the literal Korean name, denotes purifying and clarifying and clarifying water-pot to us. Among many other Asian countries, India, China, Korea, and Japan have a profound cult of the sacred water-pot(Ggamalkh-Byoung, Jung-Byoung, 깨맑병,정병,정수병,감로병,감로수병,淨甁,淨水甁,甘露甁,甘露水甁). Therefore, this charming holy object drew much attention not only from master artisans to shape and deliver them to people but also from painters and sculptor for their endowment of thr sacred images dedicated to Buddha(부처,佛,佛陀). In China, the sacred water pot emerged in the period of Tang(당,唐,618-~907)-Period and underwent much sophistication later on, I. e., from earthenware, ceramic-porcelain, bronze, and silver. However, the following represents a challenge to the well-known Goryo-Than함(고리불화,高麗佛?) Painting of Bodhisattva Avalokitesvara to our speculation on the Sacred Water-pot(정병,淨甁). The image suggests, when examined closely, that the Sacred Water-pot has been accompanied by, or placed in a transparent glasswere(유리그릇) or crystalbowl(수정그릇)! We have no other physical proof of the existence of such a Holding-Bowl(받침그릇,承盤), except for in this particular painting. This Holding-Bowl would have not been a mere elaboration on the practicality of controling the drips from the 《Goryi-Dhogyoung》it advises readers that this style of bowl is to be filled with hot water, and thus function as a preserver of heat in the water inside the pot. As an offering to the Buddha, the Sacred Water-pot could have been used for serving him hot tea. Hence the sacred bottle is to contain the refreshing water, the water transcends to nectar, and the nectar is prepared as a nectar tea to offer the Buddha. For both the Holding-Bowl of Gfamalkh-Byoung(Jung-Byoung)and the Celestial-Robe(날개옷,天衣) of the Bodhisattva Avalokitesvara, whose specified character is the Water-Moon(수월,水月) in this particular Thangka(불화,佛?) painting, the transparency is eddential. This is to refer to the purity and the lucid clarity of Bodhisattva Avalokitesvara and at a deeper level, to refer to the world of Buddhas-the Tushita(Paradise, Heaven,Eden,극락,불세계,極樂,佛世界). Howerver, without the discovery of an actual Holding-Bowl, accompanied by a Sacred Water-pot, such speculation will necessarily remain hypothetical. Nevertheless, there is an abundance of evidence of our ancient craftsmanship in jade and ctystal, dating back to the Bronze Age(1000~2B.C.) in Korea. By the time of the Three Kingdom0Period(삼국시대,三國時代,57B.C.~935A,D.), and especially the Silla(신라,新羅,57B.C.~935A.D.)-Empire, the jade and crystal ornamentation had become very intricate indeed. By the Goryo-Period(918~1392) and Chosun-Period(조선,朝鮮,1392~1910),crystal. By the Goryo-Period(918-1392) and Buddjist temples, whose master artsanship was heightened in the numerous Sarira-Cases(사리그릇,舍利器), containing relics and placed inside Stupas(탑,투,搭)! Therefore, duscovering a tiny part of the crystal or jade Holding-Bowl for the Sacred Water-pot and casting full light on this subject, would not be totally impossible. Lastly the present article shares the tiny hope for a sudden emergence of such a Holding-Bowl.

신라사리그릇 틀론 -新羅舍利器形式論-

강순형,Gang, Sun-Hyeong 국립문화재연구원 1994 헤리티지:역사와 과학 Vol.27 No.-

Visible light absorbing TiO2 nanotube arrays by sulfur treatment for photoelectrochemical water splitting

강순형 한국공업화학회 2015 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2015 No.0

Herein, we report the preparation and characterizations of the sulfur (S)-doped TiO2 nanotube (TONT) arrays prepared by a sulfurization process of TONT arrays via electrochemical anodization on a Ti substrate with a pure TONT arrays The S-doped TONT arrays were prepared with the annealing temperature from 450ºC to 550ºC under H2S gas for 10 min, and these reaction conditions corresponded to no modification of the morphological features relative to that of the TONT arrays. Furthermore, the 500ºC annealed S-doped TONT arrays showed enhanced visible light absorption and high electric conductivity, thus resulting in the most improved photocurrent density (2.92 mA cm-2 at 1.0 V vs sat. Ag/AgCl) in the 0.1 M KOH solution as compared with that (0.965 mA cm-2 at 1.0 V vs sat. Ag/AgCl) of TONT arrays. In addition, the small photoactivity in the visible light region for the S-doped TONT arrays was observed up to a 600-nm wavelength. Related work would be discussed.

S-436 급성 허혈성 뇌졸중과 급성 심근경색증의 임상적인 차이

강순형,강미연,김정민,최종인,이지혜,김성택 대한내과학회 2016 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2016 No.1

목표: 급성 허혈성 뇌졸중(acute ischemic stroke, AIS)이 발생한 환자군과 급성 심근경색증(acute myocardial infaction, AMI)이 발생한 환자군에서 그 임상적인 차이를 확인해 보고자 하였다. 방법: 2015년 1월 1일 부터 2015년 12월 31일까지 성가롤로병원에서 AIS 혹은 AMI를 진단받은 환자를 대상으로 나이, 성비, 고혈압과 당뇨병 유병기간, 흡연력, 전체 콜레스테롤, 고밀도 지단백 콜레스테롤(HDL), 저밀도 지단백 콜레스테롤(LDL), 중성지방(TG), 당화 혈색소, 혈당, ESR (Erythrocyte sedimentation rate), CRP (C-reactive protein)를 측정하여 그 차이의 통계적 유의성을 분석하였다. 결과: 전체 524명이 등록되었으며, AIS 환자 군은 304명, AMI 환자 군은 220명을 차지하였다. 전체 평균 나이는 68.8±12.6세 였으며, AIS와 AMI는 각각 69.8±11.6세와 67.5±13.9세로 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보였다(p=0.039). 성비는 전체 60.3%가 남성으로 여성에 비해 1.5배 높게 나왔으며, AIS와 AMI 각각 남성이 56.9% 와65%로 나왔으나 두 군 사이에 통계적 유의성은 없었다 (p=0.062). AIS와 AMI환자군의 당화혈색소는 각각 6.9±1.9%와 6.2±1.3% (p=0.000), CRP는 각각 0.95 ±2.7, 2.8±5.4 (p=0.000), 전체 콜레스테롤은 각각 166.5±45.4 mg/dl와 166.4±47.7 mg/dl (p=0.977), LDL 롤레스테롤은 각각 105.1± 35.9 mg/dl와 98.7±35.2 mg/dl (p=0.059), HDL 콜레스테롤은 각각 46.0±13.6 mg/dl와 49.9±13.9 mg/dl (p=0.003), TG는 각각 166.3±124.1 mg/dl와 135.2±126.2 mg/dl (p=0.006)로 나왔다. 결론: ASI와 AMI는 남성에서 더 많이 발생하였음을 확인하였다. 또한 ASI와 AMI에서 나이, 당화혈색소, HDL 콜레스테롤, TG, CRP 등에서 서로 임상적인 차이가 있다는 것을 확인하였다.

소자 적용을 위한 undoped와 n - 형 아연산화물 박막의 습식 식각 특성

강순형,임재홍,황대규,오진용,박성주 한국진공학회 2004 한국진공학회 학술발표회초록집 Vol.- No.-

수정박이 금동초꽂이 살핌 (수정감장금동촉대론) (水晶嵌裝金銅燭臺論)

강순형,Gang, Sun-Hyeong 국립문화재연구원 1995 헤리티지:역사와 과학 Vol.28 No.-