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하수도 시스템 유무에 따른 강우유출특성 분석 - 팔당호 유역을 대상으로
강동한 ( Dong Han Kang ),라자우말사자드 ( Umer Sajjad Raja ),김극태 ( Keuktae Kim ),이창희 ( Chang Hee Lee ) 한국물환경학회(구 한국수질보전학회) 2016 한국물환경학회지 Vol.32 No.2
토지이용이 혼재되고 하수관거 시스템이 미흡한 유역의 강우유출 특성을 파악하는 것은 매우 어렵다. 본 연구에서는 팔당호 유역에서 토지 이용 및 하수관거 형태에 따른 강우 유출 특성을 파악하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 팔당호유역 7개 시·군에서 공공 하수관거 시스템 지역 48개소, 개인하수처리시설 지역 28개소에 대한 강우 유출수 모니터링을 실시하였다. 개인하수처리시설 지역의 토지 이용은 산림과 논의 비율이 높았으며 SS, TN, TP EMCs와 초기세척 강도가 공공하수처리지역에 비해 높게 나타났다. 또한 초기강우 차집 시스템을 설치하여 초기강우 유출수 43%를 처리할 경우 59%의 TP 유출부하량을 저감할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다. 개인하수처리시설이 설치된 지역에서 강우량 및 강우지속시간과 영양염류 유출 부하량은 양의 상관관계 (R>0.6)를 나타내어 팔당호의 부영양화 문제를 관리하기 위해 개인하수처리지역에 대한 우선적 정책이 필요함을 알수 있다. The characterization of stormwater runoff from mix land-use catchments with an inadequate sewer network is a challenge. This study focused on characterizing stormwater runoff from the Paldang watershed area based on land-use type and sewer system coverage. A total of 76 sites were monitored during wet weather from seven different counties within Paldang watershed. Public sewer system (PSS) was installed at 48 sites, while 28 sites had no or individual sewer system (ISS) coverage. The results indicated that the sites included in the ISS group with higher forest and paddy land-use percentage exhibit higher values of average event mean concentrations (EMCs) and first flush intensity for suspended solids (SS), total nitrogen (TN), and total phosphorous (TP). In addition, upgrading runoff interception system can capture 59 % of the TP load in the first 43% of runoff within these sites. Similarly, rainfall depth and storm duration showed a positive correlation (R > 0.6) with nutrient loads within ISS group sites, as compared to PSS group. Therefore, these sites are likely to contribute higher TP and TN loads during heavier storm events and should be selected as priority management areas to combat the problem of eutrophication in Paldang reservoir.
미세기포 오존과 생물여과 시스템을 이용한 생활하수의 3차 처리에 관한 연구
강동한 ( Dong Han Kang ),장영호 ( Young Ho Jang ),김종수 ( Jong Su Kim ),김극태 ( Keug Tae Kim ) 한국물환경학회 2011 한국물환경학회지 Vol.27 No.6
In this paper, the removal characteristics of dissolved organic carbon (DOCs) by micro bubble ozonation process and O3/UV process were comparatively studied. In the point of DOC removing reaction coefficient, micro bubble ozonation system and O3/UV process had not significant difference, 0.0120 sec-1 and 0.0141 sec-1. Therefore micro bubble ozonation process is more suitable for tertiary treatment of sewage in the point of installation and maintenance cost-reducing. The optimum ozone injection rate was 2.0 g O3/g DOC and HRT was 3 min for the micro bubble ozonation process. The removal efficiency of DOC and SUVA in micro bubble ozonation system was 32.8% and 58.3% respective. Biological aerated filter (BAF) process was installed to remove soluble organic material increased by micro bubble ozonation system. And the effluent BOD of BAF was below 1.0 mg/L. In the view of cost-effectiveness, O3/BAF process was more profitable than O3/UV/BAF process for tertiary treatment of sewage. In order to nitrify ammonia in the BAF process completely, NH4+-N concentration in the influent water of BAF should be designed considering low water temperature in the winter season.
치자(Gardenia jasminoides Ellis fructus) 종자 추출물의 항산화 활성 및 지질과산화 저해능
강동수 ( Dong-soo Kang ),진동혁 ( Dong-hyeok Jin ),오다영 ( Da-young Oh ),김한수 ( Han-soo Kim ) 한국환경과학회 2017 한국환경과학회지 Vol.26 No.8
The purpose of this study was to investigate the bioactivity of extracts from the seeds of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis fructus (GJE) found in Namhae, Korea. Extraction was performed using three solvents, 70% methanol, Distilled Water (DW), and Ethyl Acetate (EA). We determined the total phenol and phytic acid contents of the extracts to evaluate their nitrogen oxide scavenging activity, antioxidant activity, reducing power, and lipid peroxidation inhibition ability. The phytic acid content of GJE was found to be 1.157 mg PAE (Phytic Acid Equivalent) /g DW. The yields of the three extraction processes were as follows: DW, 36.61%; 70% methanol, 30.10%; and EA, 20.40%. The physiological activities of the extract solvents increased significantly with increasing concentrations (0.2, 0.4, and 0.6 mg/mL) (p<0.05), but were lower than those of ascorbic acid, BHA, and trolox. Total phenol content was the highest in the 70% methanol extract, followed by DW and EA extracts. Further, nitrogen oxide scavenging activity and antioxidant activity were the highest for the 70% methanol extract followed by DW and EA extracts. Based on these results, the bioactivities of the 70% methanol and DW extracts of GJ seeds were excellent. These extracts can be used as natural antioxidants.
강동일,박홍서,한인우,이병철,김강민,Kang, Dong-Ii,Park, Hong-Suh,Han, In-Woo,Valyavin, G.,Lee, Byeong-Cheol,Kim, Kang-Min 한국천문학회 2006 天文學論叢 Vol.21 No.2
We developed a new program for automatic continuum normalization of Echelle spectrographic data. Using this algorithm, we have determined spectral continuum of almost BOES data. The first advantage of this algorithm is that we can save much time for continuum determination and normalization. The second advantage is that the result of this algorithm is very reliable for almost spectral type of spectrum. But this algorithm cannot be applied directly to the spectrum which has very strong and broad emission lines, for example Wolf-Rayet type spectrum. We implanted this algorithm to the program which was developed in the previous study. And we introduced more upgraded BOES data reduction program. This program has more convenient graphical user interface environment, so users can easily reduce BOES data. Lastly, we presented the result of study on line profile variation of magnetic Ap/Bp stars analyzed using this program.
강동기 ( Dong Kee Kang ),김동준 ( Dong Jun Kim ),김흥환 ( Heung Hwan Kim ),고한우 ( Han Woo Ko ) 한국감성과학회 2001 추계학술대회 Vol.2001 No.-
연구에서는 감성 평가 시스템에 가장 적합한 파라미터를 찾기 위하여 3가지 뇌파 파라미터를 이용하여 감정 분류 실험을 하였다. 뇌파 파라미터는 선형예측기계수(linear predictor coefficients)와 FFT 스펙트럼 및 AR 스펙트럼의 밴드별 상호상관계수(cross-correlation coefficients)를 이용하였으며, 감정은 relaxation, joy, sadness, irritation으로 설정하였다. 뇌파 데이터는 대학의 연극동아리 학생 4명을 대상으로 수집하였으며, 전극 위치는 Fp1, Fp2, F3, F4, T3, T4, P3, P4, O1, O2를 사용하였다. 수집된 뇌파 데이터는 전처리를 거친 후 특징 파라미터를 추출하고 패턴 분류기로 사용된 신경회로망(neural network)에 입력하여 감정 분류를 하였다. 감정 분류실험 결과 선형예측기계수를 이용하는 것이 다른 2가지 보다 좋은 성능을 나타내었다.
강동일,박홍서,한인우,이병철,김강민,Kang, Dong-Il,Park, Hong-Suh,Han, In-Woo,Valyavin, G.,Lee, Byeong-Cheol,Kim, Kang-Min 한국천문학회 2005 天文學論叢 Vol.20 No.1
We developed a data reduction program (RX) to process BOES data automatically. It processes a whole set of data taken during one night automatically - preprocessing, extraction to one-dimensional spectra and wavelength calibration. The execution is very fast and the performance looks pretty good. We described the performance of this program, comparing its procedure with that of IRAF. RX does not have functions for continuum normalization yet. We will develop those functions in the next works.