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가이드 수술용 템플릿을 위한 5축 정밀가공공정의 정확성에 관한 연구
박지만,이태경,정제교,김용,박은진,한종현,곽재영,김성균,허성주,Park, Ji-Man,Yi, Tae-Kyoung,Jung, Je-Kyo,Kim, Yong,Park, Eun-Jin,Han, Chong-Hyun,Koak, Jai-Young,Kim, Seong-Kyun,Heo, Seong-Joo 대한치과보철학회 2010 대한치과보철학회지 Vol.48 No.4
연구 목적: 컴퓨터-가이드 임플란트 수술은 전통적인 방법에 비해 여러 가지 장점을 가진다. 본 연구의 목적은 가이드 수술용 템플릿 제작을 위한 좌표동기화 5축 정밀가 공공정의 정확도를 범용 CAD 소프트웨어를 통해 역설계공학의 방법으로 평가하는 것이다. 연구 재료 및 방법: 악궁 형태의 모형에 거타퍼쳐 스타핑을 매식한 10 개의 모형을 만들고 상부에 실리콘 인상재를 이용하여 인공치은을 덮어 스타핑의 위치를 보이지 않게 가렸다. 모형의 하면에 동기화를 위한 좌표동기화 형상을 만든 뒤 Cone beam CT에서 3차원 영상을 얻었다. 임플란트 계획 소프트웨어의 CT 이미지 상에서 매식된 스타핑과 동일한 방향으로 스타핑의 1/2 깊이까지 가상의 시술계획을 하고, 스타핑의 방향벡터와 저지점 (1/2지점) 데이터를 석고모형의 영상으로 좌표동기화 하였다. 이후 모형하면의 좌표동기화 형상을 이용하여 가공기기상의 좌표로 좌표변환을 통해 가공좌표동기화를 하였다. 5축 밀링머신의 좌표동기화판에 모형을 고정한 후, 동기화된 가공데이터에 의거하여 스타핑과 동일한 직경의 드릴로 계획된 벡터와 깊이로 정확히 가공 하였다. 모델에 정확히 안착되는 인상트레이를 CT 장비에 미리 고정한 상태에서, 인상트레이에 모델을 적합하여 이미지를 획득한 뒤 3차원 재구성하는 방법으로 영상을 중첩하여 비교 분석하였다. SolidWorks (Dassault Systems, Concord, USA) 범용 CAD 상에 영상을 불러들여 역설계공학의 방법으로 실린더 상부, 하부의 중점에서의 위치편차와 각도편차를 조사하였다. 통계는 SPSS (release 14.0, SPSS Inc., Chicago, USA)를 이용하여 각 편차 사이의 상관관계를 분석하였다 ($\alpha$ = 0.05). 결과: 위치 편차로 인하여 모든 드릴 보어 (bore)에서 상부 1/2에 잔존하는 거타퍼쳐의 일부를 관찰할 수 있었다. 실험 모형상에서 계획된 이미지와 드릴링 후CT에서 역설계를 거친 이미지 사이의 위치편차는 상부에서 0.31 (0.15 - 0.42) mm, 하부에서 0.36 (0.24 - 0.51) mm, 각도편차는 1.62 (0.54 - 2.27)$^{\circ}$이었다. 실린더 상부와 하부 위치 편차는 양의 상관관계를 가졌다 (Pearson Correlation Coeffocient = 0.904, P= .013). 결론: 좌표동기화 5축 정밀가공 공정은 가이드 수술용 템플릿을 제작하는 데에 적합한 정확도를 가진다. Purpose: The template-guided implant surgery offers several advantages over the traditional approach. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of coordinate synchronization procedure with 5-axis milling machine for surgical template fabrication by means of reverse engineering through universal CAD software. Materials and methods: The study was performed on ten edentulous models with imbedded gutta percha stoppings which were hidden under silicon gingival form. The platform for synchordination was formed on the bottom side of models and these casts were imaged in Cone beam CT. Vectors of stoppings were extracted and transferred to those of planned implant on virtual planning software. Depth of milling process was set to the level of one half of stoppings and the coordinate of the data was synchronized to the model image. Synchronization of milling coordinate was done by the conversion process for the platform for the synchordination located on the bottom of the model. The models were fixed on the synchordination plate of 5-axis milling machine and drilling was done as the planned vector and depth based on the synchronized data with twist drill of the same diameter as GP stopping. For the 3D rendering and image merging, the impression tray was set on the conbeam CT and pre- and post- CT acquiring was done with the model fixed on the impression body. The accuracy analysis was done with Solidworks (Dassault systems, Concord, USA) by measuring vector of stopping’s top and bottom centers of experimental model through merging and reverse engineering the planned and post-drilling CT image. Correlations among the parameters were tested by means of Pearson correlation coefficient and calculated with SPSS (release 14.0, SPSS Inc. Chicago, USA) ($\alpha$ = 0.05). Results: Due to the declination, GP remnant on upper half of stoppings was observed for every drilled bores. The deviation between planned image and drilled bore that was reverse engineered was 0.31 (0.15 - 0.42) mm at the entrance, 0.36 (0.24 - 0.51) mm at the apex, and angular deviation was 1.62 (0.54 - 2.27)$^{\circ}$. There was positive correlation between the deviation at the entrance and that at the apex (Pearson Correlation Coefficient = 0.904, P = .013). Conclusion: The coordinate synchronization 5-axis milling procedure has adequate accuracy for the production of the guided surgical template.
이해방 ( Hai Bang Lee ),정제교 ( Je Kyo Jeong ),손세일 ( Se Il Sohn ),변영로 ( Young Ro Byun ),기민효 ( Min Hyo Ki ),서중기 ( Jung Ki Seo ) 한국조직공학과 재생의학회 2009 조직공학과 재생의학 Vol.6 No.4
Drug delivery system(DDS) has been extensively applied the various areas as (1) novel methods for drug administration through several route, (2) development of novel polymeric carrier, and (3) tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. The aim of this review is to report the recent progress of "Development of controlled drug delivery system" supported by Korean Intellectual and Economy(KOIE) for 2004~2009. This project is composed by 5 subproject as (1) development of novel osmotic pump, (2) development of liposome delivery system, (3) development of DDS by bile acid transporter, (4) protein drug delivery system using thermo-sensitive hydrogel, and (5) development of novel transdermal drug delivery system. DDS system might be the core and platform technology for the application of diagnosis, bioinstrument, tissue engineering, regenerative medicine and pharmaceutical industries.
대규모 확장이 가능한 범용 신경회로망 : 퍼셉트론과 코호넨 네트워크에 적용 ERNIE application to Perceptron and Kohonen network
김영주,정제교,동성수,이종호 한국뇌학회 2003 한국뇌학회지 Vol.3 No.1
디지털 신경회로망에서 가장 난해한 문제 중 하나는 시냅스의 확장과 뉴런의 재배치 문제이다. 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위해 기초 설계를 변경하지 않고 재구성 및 확장이 가능한 신경회로망 하드웨어 구조를 제안했다. 또한 다양한 종류의 퍼셉트론과 코호넨 네트워크를 적용하여 HDL 시뮬레이션 결과와 C 코드로 구현한 실험 결과를 비교 평가해서 성능을 입증했다. One of the most difficult subject in Digital Neural Network is expansion of synapses and another matter is rearrangement of neurons. We proposed a neural network architecture which is flexible and expansible without change of its basis of design for a solution of those problems. Besides, comparison of I IDL simulation with C code program of various Perceptron and Kohonen networks showed its high performance.
알긴산 나트륨이 장용코팅된 란소프라졸 제제의 저장안정성 및 용출률에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구
김정훈,오정민,강길선,정제교,이정식,정상영,이해방 한국약제학회 2002 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.32 No.4
Lansoprazole, pharmaceutics for acid-related diseases, is unstable in low pH environments and generally coated with enteric polymer to obtain gastroresistance in stomach. Because its storage stability is influenced by acidic substitutes of enteric polymer, alkaline chemicals were generally added to dosage form as a stabilizer. In this experience, we coated lansoprazole bead with sodium alginate and evaluated the effect of bead size and sodium alginate coating on the storage stability and dissolution profile of lansoprazole. Sodium alginate solution containing lansoprazole was sprayed as a droplet into 3% (w/v) CaCl_2 solution and the resultant bead was coated with starch, sodium alginate, and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose phthalate. The content of lansoprazole granule not coated with sodium alginate decreased to 57.96% of initial content when stored at a severe condition for 4 weeks, but that of lansoprazole granule coated with sodium alginate before enteric coating decreased little and as the thickness of sodium alginate film increased, the content of bead didn't decreased for 4 weeks. Sodium alginate film also improved the gastroresistance without much influencing the maximum dissolution rate.