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CMOS OTA를 이용한1MHz, 3.3-1 V 동기식 Buck DC/DC 컨버터
박규진,김희준,정원섭,김훈 대한전자공학회 2006 電子工學會論文誌-SC (System and control) Vol.43 No.5
This paper presents a new 3.3-1 V synchronous buck DC/DC converter that employs CMOS operational transconducatance amplifiers (OTAs) as circuit-building blocks. An error amplifier OTA in a PWM circuit is compensated for to improve temperature stability. The temperature coefficient of the transconductance gain of the compensated OTA is less than 150 ppm/°C over 0-100°C. The HSPICE simulation results of the 0.35㎛ standard CMOS technology show that the efficiency of the proposed converter is as high as 80% in the load current range of 40-125 mA. These results show that the proposed converter is adequate for use in battery-operated systems. 본 논문은 회로 구성 블록으로 CMOS 연산 트랜스컨덕턴스 증폭기(OTA)를 사용한 새로운 3.3-1 V 동기식 buck DC/DC 컨버터를 제안한다. PWM 회로의 오차 증폭기 OTA는 온도 안정성 향상을 위해 보상되었다. 보상된 OTA 트랜스컨덕턴스 이득의 온도 계수는 0-100°C 범위에서 150 ppm/°C 이하이다. 0.35㎛ 표준 CMOS 공정으로 HSPICE 시뮬레이션을 수행한 결과는 40-125 mA의 부하 전류 범위에서 제안된 컨버터의 효율이 80% 이상임을 보여준다. 이러한 결과는 제안된 컨버터가 전지로 동작되는 시스템에 이용하기에 적당함을 보여준다.
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박규진,주현,최옥인,최창근 해양환경안전학회 2017 해양환경안전학회지 Vol.23 No.4
Natural seaweed beds and habitat environments were investigated using quantitative and qualitative methods from May to December 2015 at 3 sites in Gangneung, Uljin, and Busan along the eastern coast of Korea. In total, 9 green, 23 brown, and 64 red algal taxa were identified. The biomass of the seaweed at Gangneung was 173.2 to 613.8 wet wt. g/m2 of Dictyota divaricata, 360.8 to 520.4 wet wt. g/m2 of Symphyocladia linearis, and 25.9 to 470.8 wet wt. g/m2 of Undaria pinnatifida. At Uljin, these numbers were 5.5 to 256.2 wet wt. g/m2 of Plocamium telfarirae and 46.8 to 241.5 wet wt. g/m2 of Agarum clathratum. The biomass of Sargassum coreanum and Ecklonia cava were 388.1 to 6,972.4 wet wt. g/m2 and 194.9 to 958.5 wet wt. g/m2, respectively, at Busan. S. coreanum and E. cava showed higher biomass compared to other seaweed at Busan. The biomass rate represented an average of 19.2 percent of the total population, ranging from 0.0 to 55.5 percent in Gangneung. In Uljin, the average was calculated as 63.8 percent, and this figure was 48.5 percent in Busan. The percentage of barren ground averaged 46.7 percent in Gangneung and 91.1 percent in Uljin. Uljin showed the highest percentage of barren ground compared to other regions. Sea urchin density appeared to be 6.0 ind./m2 in Gangneung, 7.0 ind./m2 in Uljin, and 2.0 ind./m2 in Busan, with the lowest sea urchin density being that of Busan. In conclusion, the composition of species, appearance ratio, and abundance of vegetation found were similar to previous studies, but it is thought that continuous monitoring is needed due to concerns about physical and chemical pollution caused by global warming, climate change, and coastal development. 이 연구는 2015년 5월부터 12월까지 우리나라 동해안에 위치한 강릉, 울진, 부산 일대에서 천연 해조장 및 서식환경 특성을 분석하였다. 연구기간 동안 출현한 해조류는 총 96종이었으며, 분류군별로는 녹조류 9종, 갈조류 23종, 홍조류 64종이었다. 강릉의 경우, 미끈뼈대그물말(D. divaricata)이 정점별로 173.2 ~ 613.8 g m-2로 가장 높은 생물량을 보였고, 가는보라색우무(S. linearis)가 360.8 ~ 520.4 g m-2, 미역(U. pinnatifida)이 25.9 ~ 470.8 g m-2로 생물량이 높았다. 울진에서는 참곱슬이(P. telfairiae)가 5.5 ~ 256.2 g m-2, 구멍쇠미역(A. clathratum)이 46.8 ~ 241.5 g m-2로 생물량이 높았다. 부산에서 높은 생물량을 보인 해조류는 큰잎모자반(S. coreanum)으로 388.1 ~ 6,972.4 g m-2였고, 감태(E. cava)도 194.9 ~ 958.5 g m-2로 다른 해조류에 비해 상대적으로 높은 생물량을 나타냈다. 생체량 비율의 경우, 강릉에서 0.0 ~ 55.5%로 평균 19.2%를 나타내 울진과 부산에 비해 상대적으로 가장 낮았다. 울진에서는 36.8 ~ 73.3%으로 평균 63.8%를 보였으며, 부산은 평균 48.5%였다. 갯녹음 비율은 강릉에서 평균 46.7%의 비율을 나타냈고, 울진에서는 평균 91.1%의 높은 비율을 나타냈으며 이번 연구에서 다른 지역에 비해 가장 높은 비율을 보였다. 조식성 동물의 밀도는 강릉에서 평균 6.0 개체/m2로 분석되었고, 울진에서는 7.0 개체/m2를 나타냈으며 부산에서 2.0 개체/m2로 전체 지역 중에서 가장 낮은 조식성 동물 밀도를 보였다. 결론적으로 이전 연구결과와 비교하여 종조성, 출현비율, 밀도는 유사하게 나타났다. 하지만 지구 온난화, 기후변화, 해안개발 등에 의한 물리적, 화학적 오염과 관련하여 지속적인 모니터링 연구가 필요하다고 판단된다.
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히트 파이프를 이용한 열경화성 나노임프린트 장비용 열판의 온도 균일도 향상
박규진,양진오,이재종,곽호상 한국반도체디스플레이기술학회 2016 반도체디스플레이기술학회지 Vol.15 No.2
This study presents a thermal device specially designed for thermal nanoimprint lithography equipments, which requires the capability of rapid heating and cooling, high temperature uniformity and the material strength to endure high stamping pressure. The proposal to meet these requirements is a planar-type hot plate extensible to a large area, in which long circular cartridge heaters and heat pipes are installed inside in parallel. The heat pipes are connected to the outside water cooling chamber. A hot plate made of stainless steel is fabricated with a dimension 240 mm × 240 mm × 20 mm. Laboratory experiments are conducted to examine the thermal performance of the hot plate. The results illustrate that the employment of heat pipes leads to a notable enhancement of temperature uniformity in the device and provides an efficient heat delivery from the hot plate to outside. It is verified that the suggested hot plate could a feasible thermal tool for thermal nanoimprint lithography, satisfying the major design requirements.
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박규진,정후섭 한국식물병리학회 1997 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.13 No.1
Based on the principal component analysis (PCA) of Richards' parameter estimates, ginseng field soils were grouped as the principal component 1 (PC1) and the principal component 2 (PC2). The microflora and physico-chemical characteristics of each soil group were compared to elucidate soil environmental factors affecting the disease development of root rot of ginseng seedling. Among 3 soil groups by PC1, there were differences in the populations of total fungi (TF) and Cylindrocarpon plus Fusarium (C+F), and the population ratio of Cylindrocarpon plus Fusarium to total fungi or total bacteria (C+F/TF, C+F/TB) in rhizoplane of ginseng seedlings, the population of total actinomycetes (TA) and the population ratio of total Fusarium to total actinomycetes (Fus/TA) in soil, and soil chemical properties (EC, NO3-N, K, Mn, ect.). Among 4 soil groups by PC2, there were differences in TF, C+F, TB, C+F/TF and C+F/TB in the rhizoplane, Trichoderma plus Gliocladium (T+G) in soil, and P2O5 content in soil. Especially, EC, NO3-N, K, K/Mg and Mn were positively correlated to PC1, and TA was negatively to PC1; however, TF, C+F, TB, C+F/TF and C+F/TB in the rhizoplane were significantly correlated to PC2 positively. On the other hand, microbes in the rhizoplane were not significantly correlated to the stand-missing rate (SMR), although TA and Fe/Mn were negatively correlated, and pH and Ca were positively correlated to SMR.
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