산성 사이징된 재활용 섬유와 중성 사이징의 상용성

서만석(Man Seok Seo),이경호(Kyong Ho Lee),이학래(Hak Lae Lee) 한국펄프·종이공학회 2016 펄프.종이技術 Vol.48 No.2

Neutral or alkaline papermaking provides many advantages in paper strength and processing conditions. It also provides the opportunity of using calcium carbonate fillers in papermaking. These diverse advantages have made almost all paper machines of printing and writing papers run under neutral and alkaline conditions. On the other hand, linerboard machines, which use recycled papers as a raw material, are running under acid conditions using a rosin sizing system. Because the recycled raw materials used by the linerboard industry contain significant amounts of alkaline papers, the linerboard industry has an interest in the possibility of using the neutral or alkaline papermaking opportunity. In this study, the compatibility of the recycled linerboards under neutral or alkaline papermaking conditions was examined by recycling them under various pH conditions. The sizing degree of the papers recycled under neutral or alkaline was significantly lower than that of acid formed papers indicating that during the neutral or alkaline recycling process the rosin sized papers lost their sizing efficiency. Recycling of acid formed linerboards under neutral or alkaline conditions increased the amount of foam, and the foam contained substantial amount of solid materials derived from the acid sizing systems. Use of cationic polyelectrolytes including PEI and poly-DADMAC improved the sizing degree of the recycled papers under neutral and alkaline conditions. PEI decreased the foam generation as well while poly-DADMAC did not show any reducing effect of the foam. These results suggest that PEI forms coordinate bonds with rosin acid and precipitate them onto the surface of recycled fibers, while the reaction products between poly-DADMAC and rosin acid ions still remain water soluble under neutral or alkaline conditions.

원위 요골 골밀도의 측정 자세 및 요추 골밀도의 상관관계에 관한 연구

한만석(Man Seok Han),전민철(Chul Min Jeon),김종진(Jong Jin Kim),서선열(Seon Youl Seo),김용균(Yong-Kyun Kim) 대한방사선과학회(구 대한방사선기술학회) 2010 방사선기술과학 Vol.33 No.1

본 연구는 원위요골의 회전에 따른 골밀도의 변화를 알아보고 원위요골 골밀도와 요추 골밀도를 비교 분석 하였다. 골밀도 측정시 정확한 측정 자세를 알아보고자 자체 제작한 보조기구를 이용하여 수술, 기형이나 외상력이 없는 20, 30대 남성 11명을 대상으로 전완부를 DR(digital diagnostic IR-1100-150 ; Philips)로 촬영하였고 남 성 21명을 DXA(QDR 4500W ; HOLOGIC, USA)로 골밀도 측정을 시행하였다. 실험은 두 가지로 수행하였다. 첫째, 보조기구를 이용하여 11명을 대상으로 전완부를 DR로 중립위(0도)를 기준으로 내회전 및 외회전 각각 3, 6, 9도에서 촬영하였고 둘째, 요추 및 전완부(Forearm)의 골밀도를 21명을 대상으로 DXA 장비를 이용해 중립위(0도)를 기준으로 내회전 및 외회전 각각 5, 10도에서 측정하였고 통계 프로그램 SPSS 12.0v으로 비교 분석하였다. 그 결과 DR로 촬영한 11명의 원위요골 회전각은 내회전인 경우가 82%(n = 9)로 가장 많았으며, 평균 내회전 각도는 7도였다. 외회전 6도와 중립위(0도)에서도 1명(9%)씩 나타났다. 전체평균 회전각은 내회전 5.1도였다. DXA로 측정한 21명의 원위요골 회전각은 내회전인 경우가 43%(n = 9)로 가장 많았으며, 평균 내회전 각도는 7.2도였다. 외회전은 24%(n = 5)이고 평균 외회전 각은 6도이며 중립위(0도)은 33%(n = 7)로 나타났다. 전체평균 회전각은 내회전 4.1도였다. 요추와 원위요골의 상관 계수는 r = 0.30, p = 0.18로 통계적 유의성은 없었다. 요추의 골밀도가 원위요골의 골밀도를 대변하지 못하기 때문에 원위요골 골밀도의 평가는 원위요골에서 측정해야 한다. 전완부 골밀도 측정시 중립위는 원위요골이 외회전이 대부분이기 때문에 최저 골밀도의 회전각에서 일정하게 골밀도를 측정하기 위해서는 중립위 보다 내회전이 필요하며 내회전 각은 약 5도가 추천된다. The aim of this study was to evaluate the change of bone mineral density according to distal radius rotation and the correlations of the lowest BMD measured by DXA at the lumba versus distal radius. The eleven males were projected distal radius by DR X-ray and the measurement of BMD by DXA of the appropriate position of the forearm were performed on 21 males. The healthy 11 and 21 volunteers without any history of operations, anomalies, or trauma were enrolled. The experiment was performed by two methods. First, The DR X-ray was measured distal radius of 11 males in pronation and supination with three, six and nine degrees, including a neutral position. The ROI was measured by the m-view program on the PACS monitor. Second, The DXA was measured distal radius of 21 males in pronation and supination with five and ten degrees, including a neutral position to evaluate the changes of BMD according to the rotation. A correlation of the BMD in the distal radius with BMD that lumbar spine was performed, along with analysis of the data by SPSS 12.0v. The mean rotation angle of the distal radius about eleven males DR X-ray measured 7° of pronation (82%, n = 9), 6° of supination and 0° of neutral of (9%, n = 1), The total average rotation angle in 11 male was 5.1° of pronation. The rotation angle of the distal radius about twenty one males on DXA measured 7.2° of pronation (43%, n = 9), 7° of supination (24%, n = 5), and 0° of neutral (33%, n = 7), The total average rotation angle in 21 people was 4.1° of pronation. The correlation of the analysis of lumba and distal radius were r = 3.0, p = 0.18. consequently, The correlation was not significance. Because BMD of lumba was not coverd for BMD of the distal radius, with a neutral position, Pronation is needed for BMD in the distal radius with the rotation angle measuring at the lowest BMD. the rotation angle about five degrees of pronation of the distal radius is recommended.

표면처리 업계의 화관법 대응 방안

서만석 한국표면공학회 2017 한국표면공학회 학술발표회 초록집 Vol.2017 No.5

해양사고의 분석과 방지대책에 관한 연구

서만석(Man-Seok SEO),배석제(Seok-Je BAE) 한국수산해양교육학회 2002 水産海洋敎育硏究 Vol.14 No.2

금형열처리 및 코팅기술 개발 동향 및 향후 전망

서만석 한국소성가공학회 2002 금형가공 심포지엄 Vol.2002 No.2

금강-동진-만경 염하구 표층 퇴적물의 특성

서만석(Man Seok Seoh) 군산대학교 수산과학연구소 1995 水産科學硏究 Vol.- No.11

In this paper, I have researched on the geochemical character of twenty fourth sediments distributed research area. The results were as follows. I. The mean size is 3.14'" at Keum river, 5.72 '" Dongjin river, 5.36 '" Mankyung river, with fine sand. It has been distriubuted with coarse silt. II. The sorting is moderately sorted at Keum river, but it is poor sorted at Dongjin and very poor sorted at Mankyung river. III. The skewness were appeared negative skewed at upstream at Keum river but the other sector has been appeared very positive skewed. IV. The kurtosis were very leptokurtic skewed at whole research sector. V. Most elements except CaO. K2O. CaC03. among the character of element chemical composition has a good relation on the size of sediment according to the rariation of contents. Al2O3, Fe203, MgO, Na2O, TiO2. P2O5 etc were increased predominently due to the finness of the size. It showed hish contents K2O at Keum river, Al203, CaO at Dongjin river Fe203, MgO, Na2o, P205, CaCO3, Organic etc at Mankyung river. VI. The chemical component of trace elements has high relativity in the sediments size with Cr, Ni, V, Zn but In the coarse sediments, It showed high relativity. The space distribution of research sector showed high contentivity Ba, Sr at Keum river Ni, Cr, V, Cu, Ph, Zn at Dongjin, Mankyung river. VII. All elements in the research sector except K2O, Ba, showed Jess world mean contents in shallow bottom sediment, however, all elements in coarse sediment are axious to pollutarize to the specities minerals.

천수만 연안해역 표층퇴적물의 지구화학적 조직특성

서만석(Man Seok Seo) 군산대학교 수산과학연구소 2004 군산대학교 수산과학연구소 연구논문집 Vol.4 No.-

The results of analyzing the 20 piece of surface sediments were characteristics following Textural and geochemical, aspect. The mean size is 0.20-6.22 rP, but the sorting 0.5-3.96, however, The Skewness is -0.28 - 5.7, and Kurotosis shows a range of 1.70 - 20.30. The geochemical characteritics were showed relationship with mean value in all elements in the fine grained sediments and K20 in coarse graned sediments, The minor element Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn, Cr, Li in fine grained sediment, Ba in coarse grain sediment. The Hg element is demonstrated in the all section of distribution. The high possibility of pollution element Pb, Zn which mean concentration is appeared highly at the adjacent in land sea area. It give a preview that this area being polluted.

금강-동진-만경 염하구 표층 퇴적물의 특성

서만석(Man Seok Seoh) 군산대학교 수산과학연구소 2004 군산대학교 수산과학연구소 연구논문집 Vol.3 No.-

In this paper, I have researched on the geochemical character of twenty fourth sediments distributed at research area. The results were as follows. I. The mean size is 3.14ψ at Keum river, 5.72ψ Dongjin river, 5.36 .p Mankyung river, with fine sand. It has been distriubuted with coarse silt. II. The sorting is moderately sorted at Keum river. but it is poor sorted at Dongjin and very poor sorted at Mankyung river. III. The skewness were appeared negative skewed at upstream at Keum river but the other sectors has been appeared very positive skewed. N. The kurtosis were very leptokurtic skewed at whole research sector. V. Most elements except CaO, K₂O, CaCO₃, among the character of element chemical composition has a good relation on the size of sediment according to the rariation of contents. Al₂O . Fe₂O₃, MgO, Na₂O, TiO₂, P₂05 etc were increased predominently due to the finness of the size. It showed hish contents K20 at Keum river. Al₂O₃. CaO at Dongjin river Fe₂O5. MgO, Na₂O, P₂O5, CaCO5. Organic etc at Mank.vung river. VI. The chemical component of trace elements has high relativity in the sediments size with Cr. Ni, V, Zn but In the coarse sediments. It showed high relativity. The space distribution of research sector showed high contentivity Sa, Sr at Keum river Ni, Cr, V, Cu, Pb, Zn at Dongjin, Mankyung river. VB. All elements in the research sector except K₂O, Sa. showed less world mean contents in shallow bottom sediment, however, all elements in coarse sediment are axious to pollularize to the specities minerals.

1 . 안강망 어구 어법의 개량에 관한 연구(Ⅱ) : 전개범(展開帆) 을 이용한 개량어구의 기초 시험

서만석,조봉곤,박종수,박정호,송지호,이길태,정홍기,배석재,홍성근,정공훈,김진건 한국수산학회 1980 한국수산과학회지 Vol.13 No.2

재래식 안강망에서 크게 문제화되고 있는 수해, 암해를 전폐하고 그 대신 망구의 전개를 위하여 head rope 와 ground rope 및 전개범(otter sail)을 사용한 개량어구를 제작하고, 그 기초시험으로 어구저항, 전개범의 전개폭, 장구의 높이, 전개범의 높이, wing 끝의 높이 등을 측정하였고, 조업중에 생기는 여러 문제와 재래식과 비교한 장단점을 찾아 보았다. 시험의 결과는 개량어구의 성능이 기본적으로는 어획의 성취에 지장이 없고 매우 성공적이었으며, 여기서 얻은 자료와 성적을 통하여 고찰된 결과는 다음과 같다. 1) 여구저항은 가장 넉넉히 잡아서 R≒7.4V²정도로 추정 되었다. (R :저항 V :유속) 2) 전개범의 전개폭은 무리없이 잘 전개되었고, 정상일때 37-38m를 유지하여 전개력은 충분하였다고 보며, 재래식의 수해, 암해의 망폭에 비하여 손색이 없었다. 3) 망구의 높이는 예상보다 낮아 부력의 보충을 요할 것 같으나, 유속의 커짐에 따른 저하는 재래식에 비하여 별로 없었다. 4) 전개범의 높이는 유속에 의하여 30% 정도의 감소가 있었고, wing의 높이는 부력이 크면 전개범 높이에 지배됨이 없이 별다른 감소가 없었다. 5) 배잡이와 돋음줄의 신출길이의 조정은 조업상 가장 중대한 문제로, 어구의 전개와 어획성능에 밀접한 관계가 있어 가장 적절히 처리되어야 함이 입증되었다. 6) 투양망에 요하는 시간은 수심 30m에서 투묘와 줄의 투입에 25분, 투망에 20분이내, 양망에 24분, 줄의 인망과 양묘에 45분정도 걸렸다. 7) 재래식의 수해, 암해에서 오는 결함은 완전히 해소되고 많은 장점을 가지나, 지엽적인 문제성의 해결을 위한 많은 과제를 안고 있다.

펄프 조성 및 무기 충전제가 담배 연포장지 물성에 미치는 영향

서만석,임병삼,문성열,김종열,나도영,Seo, Man-Seok,Lim, Byung-Sam,Mun, Sung-Yel,Kim, Jong-Yeol,Ra, Do-Young 한국연초학회 2010 한국연초학회지 Vol.32 No.1

The parcel wrapper for cigarettes has been used as the package and media materials for protection and design of product brands. The design of parcel wrapper has been contributed to the delivery of brand image and motivated consumer to purchase the brand. Therefore, the properties of parcel wrapper have been paid attention to highlight the design image, and increasing opacity of media materials has been one of the effective ways to obtain clear design on the paper surface. This study was carried out to improve the opacity of parcel wrapper for cigarettes. The effects of pulp composition and inorganic fillers in the furnish on the optical and mechanical properties were investigated. The use of hardwood in the stock preparation gave the increased opacity of paper than that of softwood. The application of higher refractive indices of fillers was effective to improve opacity. Brightness, tensile strength and stiffness were affected by the retained filler amount on the paper. Increase of filler contents decrease the tensile strength and stiffness due to the lesser bonding ability of fibers.