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Thermosensitive Biodegradable Poly(organophosphazene) Gels and Their Blends
( Sung Bum Jung ),( Gyung Don Kang ),( Jung Yun Huh ),( Sung Sook Ahn ),( Estela C. Monge ),( Gil Son Khang ),( Soo Chang Song ) 한국조직공학과 재생의학회 2006 조직공학과 재생의학 Vol.3 No.2
Thermo-sensitive poly(organophosphazene) hydrogels with hydrophilic α-amino-ω-methoxy-poly(ethyleneglycol) (AMPEG), hydrophobic amino acid esters (L-isoleucine ethyl ester) and glycine lactate ethyl ester as a side group have been synthesized. The poly(organophosphazenes) were characterized by 1H-, 31P-NMR spectroscopies and GPC. The viscosities of the gels were measured by viscometer along with the temperature changes. The poly(organophosphazenes) synthesized form solutions in water at low temperature while they form gels as the temperature increases showing lower critical solution temperature. To control the gelation properties we have studied polymer blends system. We grouped the polymers synthesized in two group such as hard polymers with low Tmax and high Vmax and soft polymers with high Tmax and low Vmax. When these polymers were blended at the appropriate ratio, the blended aqueous solution changed into a transparent hydrogel at the targeted body temperature. According to DSC and IR measurements, the two polymers were blended homogeneously.
Spatial Distributions of 3H and 14C in the Shielding Concrete of KRR-2
Sang Bum Hong,Hee Reyoung Kim,Kun Ho Chung,Mun Ja Kang,Gyeong Hwan Jeong,Un Soo Chung,Jin Ho Park 한국방사성폐기물학회 2006 방사성폐기물학회지 Vol.4 No.4
연구로 2호기 해체과정에서 발생한 방사화된 수조 콘크리트 내의 깊이에 따른 및 의 방사능 분포를 고온연소로와 액체섬광계수기를 이용하여 분석하였다. 또한 향후 연구로 2호기 해체과정에서 발생된 콘크리트폐기물의 핵종재고량 평가에 활용하기 위하여 및 측정결과와 감마방출핵종과의 상관관계를 도출하였다. 및 의 검출하한값은 0.048 및 0.028 Bq/g이다. 연구로 2호기 수조 콘크리트 내의 및 의 깊이별 방사능 분포는 콘크리트 표면으로부터 멀어질수록 지수적으로 감소하는 경향을 보여주었다. 또한, 및 의 비방사능은 콘크리트에 존재하는 의 비방사능과 좋은 상관관계를 나타내었다. The depth distributions of total and activities were characterized for the activated shielding concrete from a decommissioning of KRR-2 using the commercially available tube furnace and a liquid scintillation counter. The correlation of measurement results between and gammer emitter was evaluated to apply for estimating radionuclide inventory of the concrete waste generated from decommissioning KRR-2. The detection limits for and are 0.048 and 0.028 Bq/g respectively. The specific activities of the and tend to decrease exponentially as the depth of the concrete becomes deeper from the surface. In addition, the and activities were in good correlation with the activities analysed for the shielding concrete of KRR-2.
Management of subclinical thyroid dysfunction and cardiovascular events in patients with ESRD on HD
( Sang Jo Han ),( Joo Lee ),( Jeong Mi Shin ),( Eun Lee ),( Young Mo Kang ),( Bum Jin Jeong ),( Young Jun Cho ),( Ji Suk Seong ),( Yong Mun Woo ) 대한내과학회 2015 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2015 No.1
Background: Normal thyroid function influences basal metabolic rate and general body metabolism and thyroid dysfunction is often associated with dyslipidemia and increased cardiovascular risk in general polulation. It is known that about 25% of patients with end-stage renal disease(ESRD) on hemodialysis had subclinical thyroid dysfunction. We investigated that subclinical hypothyroid dysfunction associate with dyslipidemia and cardiovascular event in hemodialysis patients. Hence, we conducted our study to elucidate whether subclinical thyroid dysfunction treated or not in ESRD patients. Methods: All hemodialysis patients in Red Cross Hospital within a period of one year were included in the study. Thyroxine-3 (T3), free thyroxine- 4 fT4, Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) and lipid profiles in the serum were estimated and death from all causes and CV events served as outcome variables over a median follow-up period of 12 months. Participants were divided into groups based on the thyroid function. Statistical analysis was carried out by using SPSS. Results: Among the 92 cases, 28.2% of the patients were having thyroid disorder. In which 2.1% were of hypothyroid, 13.7% were of subclinical hypothyroid, and 0.8% were of hyperthyroid, 11.6% were of subclinical hyperthyroid. We observed negative correlation between TC & fT3. Total cholesterol was raised in hypothyroidism in comparison to euthyroid ESRD patients. However, thyoroid function didn’t have significant association with lipid profiles. Cardiovascular disease significantly often occurred in subclinical thyroidism patients than other group Conclusions: Our results show that the blood thyroid hormone level isn’t affected by dyslipidemia but affected by occurrence of CVD. Therefore, the management of subclinical hypothyroidism in hemodialysis patients should be considered. Keywords: Thyroid function; Dyslipidemia; Cardiovascular events; End stage renal disease (ESRD)
( Sung Hyub Han ),( Ji Won Byun ),( Won Soo Lee ),( Hoon Kang ),( Yong Chul Kye ),( Ki Ho Kim ),( Do Won Kim ),( Moon Bum Kim ),( Seong Jin Kim ),( Hyung Ok Kim ),( Woo Young Sim ),( Tae Young Yoon ) 대한피부과학회 2012 Annals of Dermatology Vol.24 No.3
Background: Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is a common hair loss disease with genetic predisposition among men and women, and it may commence at any age after puberty. It may significantly affect a variety of psychological and social aspects of one`s life and the individual`s overall quality of life (QoL). Objective: This study aimed to investigate the QoL of AGA patients and discover the factors that can influence the QoL of AGA patients, including previous experience in non-medical hair care, reasons for hospital visits, age, duration, and the severity of AGA. Methods: A total of 998 male patients with AGA were interviewed, using the Hair Specific Skindex-29 to evaluate the QoL of AGA patients. Results: The results of the Hair Specific Skindex-29 on patients with AGA were as follows: symptom scale: 26.3±19.5, function scale: 24.0±20.1, emotion scale: 32.1±21.8, and global score: 27.3±19.1. According to this assessment, QoL was more damaged if the patient had severe alopecia, a longer duration of AGA, younger age, had received previous non-medical hair care, and visited the hospital for AGA treatment. Conclusion: This study showed that AGA could harmfully affect the patients` QoL. These findings indicate that dermatologists should address these QoL issues when treating patients with alopecia.
Kang-Woong Jun,Keun-Myoung Park,Mi-Hyeong Kim,Jeong-Kye Hwang,Soon-Chul Park,In-Sung Moon,Byung-Ha Chung,Bum-Soon Choi,Chul-Woo Yang,Yong-Soo Kim,Ji-Il Kim 대한외과학회 2014 Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research(ASRT) Vol.87 No.1
Purpose: Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a severe and common complication that occurs after the major operation. Despite the commonality of DVT there is limited data on the incidence of DVT after kidney transplantation (KT). Furthermore, most studies have been retrospective in design and were conducted in western countries. The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence of lower extremity DVT with mechanical thromboprophylaxis within 1 month of KT in Korea. Methods: A total of 187 consecutive patients who underwent KT were included in this study. Patients used a graduated elastic stocking (n = 93) or an intermittent pneumatic compression device (n = 94) to prevent DVT. The frequency of DVT during the first month after KT was evaluated using serial color duplex ultrasound on postoperative days 7 ± 2, 14 ± 2, and 28 ± 3. All patients were tested for eight thrombophilic factors before KT. Results: DVT occurred in four patients (2.1%) during the first month after KT. All DVT developed in the graduated elastic stocking group. Interestingly, none of the patients had the factor V Leiden mutation or the prothrombin gene 20210A mutation. Conclusion: The incidence of DVT in this study was relatively lower than that of western populations. We did not encounter a factor V Leiden mutation or a prothrombin gene 20210A mutation in our study population. These findings suggest that inherited thrombophilic risk factors may be partially responsible for the difference in DVT incidence rates between different nationalities and/or ethnicities.
Effect of Heat-Treat Methods on the Soluble Calcium Levels in the Commercial Milk Products
Sung Ho Yoo,Seung Bum Kang,Jin Ho Park,Kyung Sang Lee,Jin Man Kim,Sung Sik Yoon 한국축산식품학회 2013 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.33 No.3
Milk is well known to be rich in some nutrients such as protein, calcium, phosphorus, and vitamins. In particular, absorption and bioavailability of calcium receive lots of attention because calcium is very little absorbed until it is changed to the ionized form in the intestine. In this study, concentration of the soluble calcium was determined in the commercial bovine milk products, which were processed by different heat-treatment methods for pasteurization. As for general constituents, lactose, fat, protein, and mineral were almost same in the liquid milk products by different processors. Ultrafiltration of the skimmed milk caused little change in the permeate as for lactose content but both fat and protein decreased. pH values ranges from 6.57-6.62 at room temperature and slightly increase after centrifugation, 10,000 g, 10 min. Rennet-coagulation activity was the lowest in the ultra high temperature (UHT-)milk compared to the low temperature long time (LTLT-) and high temperature short time (HTST-)milk products. Each bovine milk products contains 1056.5-1111.3 mg/kg of Ca. The content of sulfhydryl group was the lowest in raw milk compared to the commercial products tested. For the skimmed milks after ultrafiltration with a membrane (Mw cut-off, 3 Kd), soluble Ca in the raw milk was highest at 450.2 mg/kg, followed by LTLT milk 336.4-345.1 mg/kg, HTST-milk 305.5-313.3 mg/kg, UHT-milk 370.3-380.2 mg/kg in the decreasing order. After secondary ultrafiltration with a membrane (Mw cut-off, 1 kD), total calcium in raw milk had a highest of 444.2 mg/kg, and those in the market milk products. As follow: UHT-milk, 371.3 to 378.2 mg/kg; LTLT-milk, 333.3 to 342.2 mg/kg; HTST-milk 301.9 to 311.2 mg/kg in a decreasing order.