http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
Clinical Characteristics of Smoking Asthmatics
( Eun Sil Ha ),( Hye Ok Kim ),( Kyoung Ju Lee ),( Eun Joo Lee ),( Gyu Young Hur ),( Ki Hwan Jung ),( Sung Yong Lee ),( Je Hyeong Kim ),( Sang Yeub Lee ),( Chol Shin ),( Jae Jeong Shim ),( Kyung Ho Kan 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2009 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.67 No.6
Background: The smoking prevalence in asthma patients are similar to those in the general population. Asthma and active cigarette smoking can interact to create more severe symptoms, an accelerated decline in lung function and impaired therapeutic responses. Accordingly, asthmatics with a history of smoking were examined to define the clinical characteristics and lung function of smoking asthmatics. Methods: The medical records of 142 asthmatics with a known smoking history were reviewed. The patients were divided into three groups according to their smoking history-current smokers, former smokers and non-smokers. The clinical characteristics, lung function, and annual declines of the forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) were compared. Results: Fifty-three of the 142 patients (37%) were current smokers, 24 were former smokers (17%) and 65 were non-smokers (45%). The patients with a hospital admission history during the previous year included 16 current smokers (30%), 4 former smokers (17%) and 7 non-smokers (11%) (p=0.02). The mean FEV1 (% predicted) was 76.8±19.8%, 71.6±21.1% and 87.9±18.7% for current smokers, former smokers and non-smokers, respectively (p<0.001). The FEV1/forced vital capacity (FVC) (ratio, %) values were 63.6±12.6%, 59.3±14.9% and 72.1±11.8% in current smokers, former smokers and non-smokers, respectively (p<0.001). The corresponding mean values for the individual FEV1 slopes were not significant (p=0.33). Conclusion: Asthmatic smokers demonstrated higher hospital admission rates and lower lung function. These findings suggest that the smoking history is an important predictor of a poor clinical outcome in asthma patients.
Clinical Features of Plasmodium Vivax Malaria
( Hun Ho Song ),( Soon Ok O ),( Su Ho Kim ),( Sang Ho Moon ),( Jin Bong Kim ),( Jong Woo Yoon ),( Ja Ryong Koo ),( Kyung Sun Hong ),( Myung Goo Lee ),( Dong Joon Kim ),( Dong Hoon Shin ),( Sung Ha Kan 대한내과학회 2003 The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine Vol.18 No.4
만성 경막하 혈종을 동반한 중두개와 지주막낭종 4례에 대한 임상분석
황의장,홍승철,김문간,성우현,임창수,심기범,김하영 대한신경외과학회 1991 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.20 No.8
Since the arachnoid cyst was first described by Bright in 1831, its natural history and exact incidence of arachnoid cyst associated with chronic subdural hematoma were not well understood. Authors analyzed 4 cases of arachnoid cysts in middle cranial fossa, associated with chronic subdural hematoma. So, the following results were obtained : 1) Headche and vomiting were presenting symptoms and its symptoms were due to chronic subdural hematoma rather than that of arachnoid cyst 2) Trauma, though trivial, may have triggered the development of chronic subdural hematoma 3) All cases showed bony abnormality on plain skull X-ray. 4) CT scan is very useful for the demonstration of shape, extent of lesion, membrane enhancement, and communication between hematoma and arachnoid cyst. 5) Every case was type Ⅱ arachnoid cyst. 6) Chronic subdural hematoma was most frequent intracystic type, showing rupture into the arachnoid cyst. 7) Surgery treating both the chronic subdural hematoma and arachnoid cyst produced good result.
Loss of EMP2 Inhibits Melanogenesis of MNT1 Melanoma Cells via Regulation of TRP-2
Enkhtaivan Enkhmend,Kim Hyun Ji,Kim Boram,Byun Hyung Jung,Yu Lu,Nguyen Tuan Minh,Nguyen Thi Ha,Do Phuong Anh,Kim Eun Ji,Kim Kyung Sung,Huy Hiệu Phùng,Rahman Mostafizur,Jang Ji Yun,Rho Seung Bae,이호,Kan 한국응용약물학회 2022 Biomolecules & Therapeutics(구 응용약물학회지) Vol.30 No.2
Melanogenesis is the production of melanin from tyrosine by a series of enzyme-catalyzed reactions, in which tyrosinase and DOPA oxidase play key roles. The melanin content in the skin determines skin pigmentation. Abnormalities in skin pigmentation lead to various skin pigmentation disorders. Recent research has shown that the expression of EMP2 is much lower in melanoma than in normal melanocytes, but its role in melanogenesis has not yet been elucidated. Therefore, we investigated the role of EMP2 in the melanogenesis of MNT1 human melanoma cells. We examined TRP-1, TRP-2, and TYR expression levels during melanogenesis in MNT1 melanoma cells by gene silencing of EMP2. Western blot and RT-PCR results confirmed that the expression levels of TYR and TRP-2 were decreased when EMP2 expression was knocked down by EMP2 siRNA in MNT1 cells, and these changes were reversed when EMP2 was overexpressed. We verified the EMP2 gene was knocked out of the cell line (EMP2 CRISPR/Cas9) by using a CRISPR/Cas9 system and found that the expression levels of TRP-2 and TYR were significantly lower in the EMP2 CRISPR/Cas9 cell lines. Loss of EMP2 also reduced migration and invasion of MNT1 melanoma cells. In addition, the melanosome transfer from the melanocytes to keratinocytes in the EMP2 KO cells cocultured with keratinocytes was reduced compared to the cells in the control coculture group. In conclusion, these results suggest that EMP2 is involved in melanogenesis via the regulation of TRP-2 expression.