Evidence of Intercontinental Transfer of Avian Influenza Viruses Carrying Nonstructural Allele B Gene Belonged to North American Lineage into Republic of Korea

Sun Ha Cheon,Yu Na Lee,Eun Kyeong Lee,Gyeong Beom Heo,Youn Jeong Lee 대한수의학회 2017 대한수의학회 학술대회발표집 Vol.2017 No.-

Genetic evidence for the intercontinental movement of avian influenza viruses possessing North American-origin nonstructural gene allele B into South Korea

Cheon, Sun-Ha,Lee, Yu-Na,Kang, Sung-Il,Kye, Soo-Jeong,Lee, Eun-Kyoung,Heo, Gyeong-Beom,Lee, Myoung-Heon,Kim, Jeong-Won,Lee, Kwang-Nyeong,Son, Han-Mo,Lee, Youn-Jeong Elsevier 2018 INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION Vol.66 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Avian influenza viruses (AIVs) are genetically separated by geographical barriers, resulting in the independent evolution of North American and Eurasian lineages. In the present study, to determine whether AIVs possessing the North American-origin nonstructural (NS) gene were previously introduced into South Korea, we performed a genetic analysis of AIVs isolated from fecal samples of migratory birds. We detected seven viruses possessing the North American-origin NS allele B among 413 AIV-positive samples obtained during AI surveillance between 2012 and 2017. We found evidence for the intercontinental transmission of at least three genetically distinct clusters of the B allele of the North American-origin NS gene into Eurasia at a low frequency. The host species of three viruses were identified as the greater white-fronted goose (<I>Anser albifrons</I>) using a DNA barcoding technique. Moreover, we used GPS-CDMA-based telemetry to determine the migration route of the greater white-fronted goose between the Far East of Russia and South Korea and found that this species may play an important role as an intermediate vector in the intercontinental transmission of AIVs. To improve our understanding of the role of wild birds in the ecology of AIVs, advanced AIV surveillance is required in the Far East of Russia as well as in Alaska region of Beringia accompanied by host identification and wild bird tracking.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Seven AIVs carrying North American-origin NS allele B were identified in Korea. </LI> <LI> Three genetically distinct clusters of NS allele B were detected. </LI> <LI> Greater white-fronted goose was implicated in the intercontinental transfer of AIV. </LI> </UL> </P>

새만금 단벌기 목재에너지림 식재 포플러 묘목의 생육특성 및 바이오매스 생산량

우수영 ( Su Young Woo ),이성한 ( Seong Han Lee ),제선미 ( Sun Mi Je ),곽명자 ( Myung Ja Kwak ),유하나 ( Ha Na You ),여진기 ( Jin Kie Yeo ),전병환 ( Byoung Hwan Cheon ) 한국임학회 2014 산림과학 공동학술대회 논문집 Vol.2014 No.-

본 연구는 새만금 간척지 배후도시용 유보용지를 이용하여 2012년에 조성된 포플러 단벌기 바이오매스 생산림을 대상으로 식재 시 대절처리에 따른 묘목의 생육특성과 목질계 바이오매스 생산성을 조사하기 위해 수행되었다. 식재 2년차 목재에너지림 포플러 묘목의 총 수고와 직경은 무대절처리구(347.8cm/19.5mm)와 1m 대절 처리구(324.5cm/18mm)에서 유사한 수준이었으며, 지제부 대절처리구(259.8cm/15.1mm)에서 가장 낮은 경향을 보였다. 그러나 식재 이후 2년간 순수고생장량에 있어서는 1m 대절 처리구가 241.4cm로 가장 높았으며, 다음으로 무대절 처리구(212.7cm) 및 지제부대절 처리구(181.6cm) 순으로 나타났다. 2년 동안의 지상부 목질계 바이오매스 생산량을 추산한 결과, 무대절 처리구(약 4.3ton/ha)에서 가장 높았고, 다음으로 1m 대절 처리구(약 4.0ton/ha) 및 지제부 대절 처리구(약 2.6ton/ha) 순으로 나타났다. 고사율의 경우 1m 대절 처리구가 약 10.0%로 무대절 처리구(26.2%) 및 지제부 대절 처리구(30.1%)에 비해 현저히 낮았으며, 수관활력도 및 잎 피해도 역시 가장 양호한 것으로 조사되었다. 종합적으로 식재 후 2년 간 지상부 목질계 바이오매스의 총 생산량은 무대절 처리구에서 가장 높은 것으로 추산되었으나 간척지 환경을 고려한 적응지수는 1m 대절 처리구에서 가장 높은 것으로 평가되었다. This study was conducted to investigate the growth characteristic and wood biomass production for a short rotation coppice plantation with differently coppiced poplar established in Saemangeum reclaimed land in 2012. Total tree hight and DBH after two growing seasons were highest in non-coppiced plantation (347.8㎝/19.5㎜) followed by 1m hight-coppiced (324.5㎝/18㎜) and ground level-coppiced plantation (259.8㎝/15.1㎜). However, net growth of tree hight during the two growing seasons was highest in 1m hight-coppiced plantation (241.4㎝) followed by non-coppiced (212.7㎝) and ground level-coppiced plantation (181.6㎝). Above ground wood biomass production during the 2 years after plantation was estimated to be highest in non-coppiced plantation (about 4.3 ton/ha) followed by 1m hight-coppiced (about 4.0 ton/ha) and ground level-coppiced plantation (about 2.6 ton/ha). However, the best performance in terms of survival rate, vitality of tree crown and degree of leaf injury was showed in 1m hight-coppiced plantation. Overall adaptability concerning the environmental conditions of reclaimed land was also highest in 1m hight-coppiced plantation.

Relationship between Satisfaction and Stress of Clinical Practice for Some of Dental Hygiene Students

Sun-Ha Ahn,Cheon-Hee Lee 대한예방치과학회 2015 International Journal of Clinical Preventive Denti Vol.11 No.2

Objective: The purpose of this study was to attitudes about clinical practice, satisfaction, and identify the factors that affect the stress analysis and to provide a basis for a more efficient operation than practical subjects. Methods: Conducted a survey of the sophomore 95 people with 4 weeks of clinical practice experience attending the ‘A’ College and ‘K’ College based in the northern part was used in the final 67 analysis. Results: Clinical practice satisfaction of the participants point to 3.28 out of 5, clinical practice stress that there is a statistically significant difference with respect to the type of clinical practice clinical practice satisfaction according to specialty hospitals related characteristics appeared to point to 3.51 out of 5 had appeared (t=2.773, p<0.05), the stress level in accordance with the relevant major characteristics before practicing relieve anxiety level (t=2.741, p<0.05) was found to have a statistically significant difference in the clinical experience and clinical experience with correlation analysis indicated a significant correlation between stress factors, the correlation coefficient for the individual characteristics and practical guidance l=0.209 (p<0.10) was found to have significant correlation. Conclusion: This clinical practice during multilateral institution to examine practical analysis of the characteristics studied by reviewing detailed pre-planning and operational measures to increase the students' clinical practice satisfaction to be effective and desirable education is considered that continued efforts should be supported.

Effects of Prenylated Flavonoids and Biflavonoids on Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Nitric Oxide Production from the Mouse Macrophage Cell Line RAW 264.7

Cheon, Bong Sun,Kim, Young Ha,Son, Kun So,Chang, Hyeun Wook,Kang, Sam Sik,Kim, Hyun Pyo 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 2001 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 연구업적집 Vol.11 No.-

Certain flavonoid derivatives possess anti-inflammatory activity in vitro and in vivo. Besides their antioxidative properties and effects on the arachidonic acid metabolism including cycloosygenase/lipoxygenase inhibition. some flavones and flavondls were previously found to show inhibitiory activity on nitric oxide production by inducible nltric oxide synthase (iNOS; NOS type 2) through suppression of iNOS induction. As part of our continuing investigations, the effects of unique and minor flavonoids (prenylated flavonoids and biflavonoids) on nitric oxide production from lipopolysaccharide-induced macrophage cell line (RAW 264.7) were evaluated in order to establish their inhibitory activity on NO production and correlate this action with their in vivo anti-inflammatory potentlal. Among the derivatives tested, prenylated compounds including morusin, kuwanon C. and sanggenon D and biflavonoids such as bilobetin and ginkgetin were found to inhibit NO production fom lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW 264.7 cells at ? 10㎛. Lnhibition of nitric oxide production was mediated by suppressinon of iNOS enzyme induction but not by direct inhibition of iNOS enzyme activity. An execption was echinoisoflavanone that inhibited iNOS enzyme activity (IC_(50) = 83㎛) and suppressed iNOS enzyme induction as well. While most prenylated derivatives showed cytotoxicity to RAW cells at 10-100㎛, all biflavonoids tested were not cytotoxic. Since nitric oxide (NO) produced by inducible NO synthase (iNOS) plays an important role in inflammatory disorders, inhibition of NO production by these flavonoids may contribute, at least in part, to their antiinflammatory and immunoregulating potentlal in vivo.

A Study on Correlation of Oral Health Status by Oral Health Behavior for the Students in Health Section and Non-Health Section

Cheon-Hee Lee,Sun-Ha Ahn 대한예방치과학회 2018 International Journal of Clinical Preventive Denti Vol.14 No.3

Objective: This study is to find out what correlation is in the oral health status according to the oral health behavior as an object of university students as well as to induce correct behavior of oral health. Methods: This study was to explain the research objective and method targeted to total 73 students who majored in the health section and non-health section of a college located in Kyungbuk region, and to select the students who agreed the data collection voluntarily as research object. As to the item of oral health behavior, this study was to conduct a survey by using the individual self recording type questionnaire. Results: This study has found out that the variables on which had significant effect according to the smoking and number of daily tooth brushing of research object had significant correlation statistically as simplified patient hygiene performance index, salivary viscosity (p<0.05). As to the oral health status according to the oral health behavior of research object, this study has found out that the relation with the salivary buffering capacity according to the number of daily tooth brushing had significant correlation statistically as p<0.05. Conclusion: Based on the results above, this researcher is considered as it needs to develop and research multilateral measures to change the oral health behavior in order to promote oral health better consistently.

Survey on the Level of Oral Health and Oral Health Care Attitudes and Behavior of the Interest in Oral Health Education for Elementary School Students

Sun-Ha Ahn,Cheon-Hee Lee 대한예방치과학회 2015 International Journal of Clinical Preventive Denti Vol.11 No.4

Objective: Second grade and 4th grade students to like to help target the oral health status and oral health behavior of the relationship between analysis and oral health education training before and after the oral health care attitudes and interests as the basis for a structured oral health education by research. Methods: This carried out t-test for the oral health status according to grade level, boys and girls, snacking frequency of sugar intake frequency, protect food frequency, relationships with clean food and oral health status was performed one-way ANOVA. Results: Papillary marginal attached index according to gender and grade 2 boys 5.69 points, girl 2.70 points to 2nd grade boys and girls (p=0.007) showed that there is a statistically significant difference in the said oral health education pre-survey students the oral health who have experience in education were 69 people (98.6%), and apply the current brush response was that the ‘Yes’ 50 people (71.4%). Oral health education brushing whether to apply after 64 people (91.4%) have been answered ‘Yes’, the difficulty level of education was the response that 64 people (91.4%) are ‘Likely’, the interesting ‘Fun’ 54 people it responded to (71.4%). Conclusion: Utilizing a variety of oral health and oral health education media when performing causing the interest of students to be effective oral health education program development proposals that need to be made and delivered accurate perception of oral health knowledge, according to the elementary beneficiaries eye level.

Monitoring of Illegally Added Compounds, Including Antiimpotence Drugs, Their Synthetic Analogues and Prohibited Natural Ingredients in Foods

Cheon-Ho Jo,Jisuk Yun,Jinyoung Kim,Tae Sun Kang,Jae-Hwang Lee,Yoo-Kyung Jung,Jin Ha Lee,Jang-Duck Choi,Ki-Sung Kwon 한국식품영양과학회 2016 한국식품영양과학회 학술대회발표집 Vol.2016 No.10

Identification of KMT2D and KDM6A mutations by exome sequencing in Korean patients with Kabuki syndrome.

Cheon, Chong Kun,Sohn, Young Bae,Ko, Jung Min,Lee, Yeoun Joo,Song, Ji Sun,Moon, Jea Woo,Yang, Bo Kyoung,Ha, Il Soo,Bae, Eun Jung,Jin, Hyun-Seok,Jeong, Seon-Yong Springer-Verlag 2014 Journal of human genetics Vol.59 No.6

<P>Kabuki syndrome (KS) (OMIM#147920) is a multiple congenital anomaly/mental retardation syndrome. Recently, pathogenic variants in KMT2D and KDM6A were identified as the causes of KS in 55.8-80.0% of patients. To elucidate further the molecular characteristics of Korean patients with KS, we screened a cohort of patients with clinically defined KS for mutations in KMT2D and KDM6A. Whole-exome sequencing and direct sequencing for validation were performed in 12 patients with a clinical suspicion of KS. KMT2D and KDM6A mutations were identified in 11 (91.7%) patients. No recurrent mutation was observed, and 10 out of the 11 mutations found were novel. KMT2D mutations were detected in 10 patients, including four small deletions or insertions and four nonsense and two missense mutations. One girl had a novel splice-site mutation in KDM6A. Each patient had a unique individual mutation. This is the first report of mutational analysis via exome sequencing in Korean patients with KS. Because the mutation-detection rate was high in this study, rigorous mutation analysis of KMT2D and KDM6A may be an important tool for the early diagnosis and genetic counseling of Korean patients with KS.</P>

Fracture Toughness of Plasma Coated Zirconia(ZrO₂)

Cheon won,Atta Ur Rehman,Abdul Wasy,Dong-woo Lee,Sun-ho Ha,Jung-Il Song 대한기계학회 2012 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2012 No.11

Zirconia (ZrO₂) is a ceramic material having good mechanical characteristics for industrial applications. This work is an extension of previous work in which the friction coefficient and wear resistance of diamond-like carbon (DLC) films were evaluated. DLC films had attracted more interest due to their excellent physical and chemical properties, such as very high elastic modulus, high electric resistivity, high dielectric constant, high wear resistance, low friction coefficient, bio compatibility, chemically inert and thermally stable. The objective of the present study was to fabricate DLC thin film coatings on ZrO₂ alloy surface using Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition (PECVD) method and evaluation of Vickers hardness. This work is focused due to high demand of DLC coated ceramic materials and it was concluded that, DLC coatings helps to improve the Vickers hardness of ceramics.