http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
Predicting the Anthocyanin Content of Kyoho Grapes by Nir Spectroscopy
( Si-yun Wang ),( Suming Chen ),( Chao-yin Tsai ),( Han-chun Hsu ),( Yung-huei Chang ) 한국농업기계학회 2018 한국농업기계학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.23 No.1
Kyoho grapes are in dark purple color. Anthocyanin plays a major role on the colors of berries, and contains antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer substance. The method of inspecting Anthocyanins so far is by either visual or destructive technique of using chemicals, but these methods could not carry out real-time accurate inspection. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the feasibility of non-destructive inspection in predicting Anthocyanin content by near-infrared spectroscopy. This study used the NIRS 6500 spectrometer ranged from 400 to 2500 nm. The prediction model of Anthocyanin content of Kyoho grapes was established by near-infrared spectroscopy and concentration of Anthocyanin. The results of this study showed the reliability and feasibility of near-infrared spectroscopy on predicting the Anthocyanin content of grapes. In the future, the Anthocyanin content can be quickly predicted by spectroscopic techniques.
Wang, Xun,Ji, Sang Chun,Yun, Sang Hoon,Jeon, Heung Jin,Kim, Si Wouk,Lim, Heon M. American Society for Microbiology 2014 Journal of Bacteriology Vol.196 No.14
<P>The <I>gal</I> operon of <I>Escherichia coli</I> has 4 cistrons, <I>galE</I>, <I>galT</I>, <I>galK</I>, and <I>galM</I>. In our previous report (H. J. Lee, H. J. Jeon, S. C. Ji, S. H. Yun, H. M. Lim, J. Mol. Biol. <B>378:</B>318–327, 2008), we identified 6 different mRNA species, mE1, mE2, mT1, mK1, mK2, and mM1, in the <I>gal</I> operon and mapped these mRNAs. The mRNA map suggests a gradient of gene expression known as natural polarity. In this study, we investigated how the mRNAs are generated to understand the cause of natural polarity. Results indicated that mE1, mT1, mK1, and mM1, whose 3′ ends are located at the end of each cistron, are generated by transcription termination. Since each transcription termination is operating with a certain frequency and those 4 mRNAs have 5′ ends at the transcription initiation site(s), these transcription terminations are the basic cause of natural polarity. Transcription terminations at <I>galE-galT</I> and <I>galT-galK</I> junctions, making mE1 and mT1, are Rho dependent. However, the terminations to make mK1 and mM1 are partially Rho dependent. The 5′ ends of mK2 are generated by an endonucleolytic cleavage of a pre-mK2 by RNase P, and the 3′ ends are generated by Rho termination 260 nucleotides before the end of the operon. The 5′ portion of pre-mK2 is likely to become mE2. These results also suggested that <I>galK</I> expression could be regulated through mK2 production independent from natural polarity.</P>
( Yun Qiang Liu ),( Mei Ling Wang ),( Si Yuan Jiang ),( Yong Jie Lu ),( Da Chang Tao ),( Yuan Yang ),( Yong Xin Ma ),( Si Zhong Zhang ) 생화학분자생물학회 2014 BMB Reports Vol.47 No.2
Tissue-specific gene expression is regulated by epigenetic modification involving trans-acting factors. Here, we identified that the human MAGEB16 gene and its mouse homolog, Mageb16, are only expressed in the testis. To investigate the mechanism governing their expression, the promoter methy-lation status of these genes was examined in different samples. Two CpG islands (CGIs) in the 5` upstream region of MAGEB16 were highly demethylated in human testes, whereas they were methylated in cells without MAGEB16 expression. Similarly, the CGI in Mageb16 was hypomethylated in mouse testes but hypermethylated in other tissues and cells without Mageb16 expression. Additionally, the expression of these genes could be activated by treatment with the demethylation agent 5`-aza-2`- deoxycytidine (5`-aza-CdR). Luciferase assays revealed that both gene promoter activities were inhibited by methylation of the CGI regions. Therefore, we propose that the testis-specific expression of MAGEB16 and Mageb16 is regulated by the methylation status of their promoter regions. [BMB Reports 2014; 47(2): 86-91]
Tian-Mei Si,Yun-shu Zhang,Liang Shu,Ke-Qing Li,Xie-He Liu,Qi-Yi Mei,Gao-Hua Wang,Pei-Shen Bai,Li-Ping Ji,Xian-Sheng Cheng,Cui Ma,Jian-Guo Shi,Hong-Yan Zhang,Hong Ma,Xin Yu 대한정신약물학회 2012 CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE Vol.10 No.2
Objective: Clozapine is one of the most commonly used antipsychotic drugs in China. To date, few studies have investigated the patterns the prescription of clozapine nationwide. The present study examined these patterns in China in 2006 and identified the demographic and clinical characteristics associated with the use of clozapine. Methods: Using a standardized protocol and data collection procedure, we surveyed 5,898 patients with schizophrenia in 10provinces with differing levels of economic development. Results: Overall, clozapine had been prescribed for 31.9% (n=1,883) of the patients; however we found considerable variation among the 10 provinces. The frequency of clozapine use was highest in Sichuan (39.3%) and lowest in Beijing (17.3%). The mean daily dose of clozapine was 210.36±128.72 mg/day, and 25.1% of the patients were treated with clozapine in combination with other antipsychotics. Compared with the group not receiving clozapine, clozapine-user had been treated for longer durations and had experienced a greater number of relapses and hospitalizations. Furthermore, those in the clozapine-user had lower family incomes, were less able to seek psychiatric services, and more likely to be male and have a positive family history of schizophrenia. A multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that age, sex, professional help-seeking behaviors, duration of illness, economic status, educational level, and clinical manifestations were associated with the use of clozapine. Conclusion: Clozapine use is common in China. However, use of the antipsychotic varies among provinces, and demographic and clinical factors play important roles in the prescription of clozapine.
가열방법에 따른 중방식 도장계의 표면상태 변화에 관한 실험적 연구
송시윤 ( Song Si-yun ),옹왕치 ( Weng Wang-chi ),차기혁 ( Cha Ki-hyuk ),김인태 ( Kim In-tae ) 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 2021 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.25 No.2
강교량을 이루고 있는 강재 부재는 화재와 부식 손상에 취약하다. 대부분의 강교에는 부식을 방지하고 미관을 향상시키기 위해 표면에 도장이 되어있는데, 화재가 발생하면 먼저 도장에 손상이 일어나고 강재에 손상이 발생한다. 본 연구는 화재 후 강재의 수열온도 추정법 개발에 있어, 가열방법에 따른 차이를 확인하기 위해 표준시방서(KCS 14 31 40 : 2016 도장)의 강교 중방식도장계를 대상으로 가열온도 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700°C와 가열지속시간 30분의 소규모화재 모사실험을 진행하였다. 그리고 가열 후 도장표면의 상태평가와 색차, 광택을 측정하였다. 그 결과 전기로 가열방법과 가스로 가열방법 모두 300℃에서는 변색 되었으며, 400℃에서는 박리와 부풀음이, 500℃에서는 도장이 전면 박리 되었으며, 전기로와 가스로의 가열방법 차이에 의한 표면상태 변화, 변색 및 광택 변화의 현저한 차이는 발생하지 않았다.
옹왕치 ( Weng Wang-chi ),송시윤 ( Song Si-yun ),차기혁 ( Cha Ki-hyuk ),김인태 ( Kim In-tae ) 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 2021 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.25 No.2
강재의 역학적 성능은 다른 재료보다 우수하지만, 부식 및 화재 손상에 취약하다. 강재는 부식을 방지하기 위하여 주로 도장 표면 처리되어 있는데, 강교에 화재가 발생하면 화재 온도에 따라 강교의 내하력에 영향을 미칠 수 있어 강교의 화재 피해정도를 알아보기 위해서는 신속한 수열온도를 파악하는 것이 중요하다. 본 연구에서는 강교의 수열온도를 추정하기 위하여 가스로를 이용하여 표준시방서(KCS 14 31 40 : 2016 도장)의 강교 일반중방식 도장계를 대상으로 가열 온도 200, 300, 400, 500, 600℃와 가열 지속시간 30분간의 가열실험을 실시하였다. 그 결과 일반중방식 도장계의 표면 상태평가를 통해 강교의 수열온도를 추정할 수 있음을 확인하였다.
A Novel Method to Estimate the System Damping After Generator Tripping
Bin Zi-Jun,Liu Yun,Hao Si-Peng,Zhu Xin-Yao,Kong Xiang-Ping,Wang Ming-Shen 대한전기학회 2023 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.18 No.2
Generator tripping strategies are generally decided by offline transient stability analysis. However, traditional methods can hardly ensure dynamic stability after GT. Simulation tests show that GT strategies change the topology and the state variables of a power system, which may weaken the system damping after GT. In order to estimate the system damping, this paper proposes a time-varying linearized model under unsteady states based on the virtual equilibrium point (VEP) theory. Then, the changes in dynamic characteristics caused by GT can be represented by the eigenvalues at VEPs before and after GT. An inertia equivalence system is mathematically formulated to analyze the effects of generator inertia, damping ratio, and controllers. Two indices are designed to estimate the system damping changes. Based on the indices, a framework is proposed to improve the current GT strategy decision-making system. The sensitivity analysis and the fault scanning verify the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed method and indices.
Moon, Byoung-San,Yun, Hyung-Mun,Chang, Wen-Hsuan,Steele, Bradford H.,Cai, Mingyang,Choi, Si Ho,Lu, Wange Public Library of Science 2017 PLoS biology Vol.15 No.5
<▼1><P>The fate of neural progenitor cells (NPCs) during corticogenesis is determined by a complex interplay of genetic or epigenetic components, but the underlying mechanism is incompletely understood. Here, we demonstrate that Suppressor of Mek null (Smek) interact with methyl-CpG–binding domain 3 (Mbd3) and the complex plays a critical role in self-renewal and neuronal differentiation of NPCs. We found that Smek promotes Mbd3 polyubiquitylation and degradation, blocking recruitment of the repressive Mbd3/nucleosome remodeling and deacetylase (NuRD) complex at the neurogenesis-associated gene loci, and, as a consequence, increasing acetyl histone H3 activity and cortical neurogenesis. Furthermore, overexpression of Mbd3 significantly blocked neuronal differentiation of NPCs, and Mbd3 depletion rescued neurogenesis defects seen in <I>Smek1/2</I> knockout mice. These results reveal a novel molecular mechanism underlying Smek/Mbd3/NuRD axis-mediated control of NPCs’ self-renewal and neuronal differentiation during mammalian corticogenesis.</P></▼1><▼2><P><B>Author summary</B></P><P>Neural progenitor cells are self-renewing, multipotent cells that generate major neural cell types, including neurons and glia. Their fate during development of the cerebral cortex is determined by a complex interplay of genetic and epigenetic components. It has been shown that Suppressor of Mek null (Smek) proteins—which are evolutionarily conserved—play a role during the asymmetric cell division of neuroblasts in invertebrates. Methyl-CpG–binding domain 3 (Mbd3) protein, a core component of the repressive nucleosome remodeling and deacetylase (NuRD) complex, is an important epigenetic regulator that plays an essential role in mammalian development. In this study, we discovered that Smek interacts with Mbd3 and promotes its degradation via a posttranslational modification called polyubiquitylation. Degradation of Mb3, in turn, blocks recruitment of Mbd3/NuRD complex on target gene promoters, leading to an increase in neuronal differentiation during cortical development. This study not only elucidates a distinct mechanism for Smek-mediated neuronal differentiation but also identifies Smek as a negative regulator of the Mbd3 protein during cortical brain development.</P></▼2>