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Na Gyeong Geum(Na Gyeong Geum),Ju Hyeong Yu(Ju Hyeong Yu),So Jung Park(So Jung Park),Min Yeong Choi(Min Yeong Choi),Jae Won Lee(Jae Won Lee),Gwang Hun Park(Gwang Hun Park),Hae-Yun Kwon(Hae-Yun Kwon),J 한국자원식물학회 2022 한국자원식물학회지 Vol.35 No.6
Under the COVID-19 pandemic, interest in immune enhancement is increasing. Although the immune-enhancing activity of plants of the genus Hibiscus has been reported, there is no study on the immune-enhancing activity of H. syriacus. Thus, in this study, we investigated the immune-enhancing activity of Hibiscus syriacus leaves (HSL) in mouse macrophages, RAW264.7 cells, and immunosuppressed mice. HSL increased the production of immunostimulatory factors such as nitric oxide (NO), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and activated the phagocytosis in RAW264.7 cells. The HSL-mediated production of immunostimulatory factors was dependent on toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), p38, and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) in RAW264.7 cells. In the immunosuppressed mouse model, HSL increased the spleen index, the levels of the cytokines, and the numbers of lymphocytes, neutrophils, and monocytes. Taken together, HSL may be considered to have immune-enhancing activity and be expected to be used as a potential immune-enhancing agent.
A crucial role for reactive oxygen species in RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation
Lee, Na Kyung,Choi, Young Geum,Baik, Ji Youn,Han, Song Yi,Jeong, Dae-won,Bae, Yun Soo,Kim, Nacksung,Lee, Soo Young American Society of Hematology 2005 Blood Vol.106 No.3
<B>Abstract</B><P>Signaling by receptor activator of NF-κB (nuclear factor-κB) ligand (RANKL) is essential for differentiation of bone marrow monocyte-macrophage lineage (BMM) cells into osteoclasts. Here, we show RANKL stimulation of BMM cells transiently increased the intracellular level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) through a signaling cascade involving TNF (tumor necrosis factor) receptor-associated factor (TRAF) 6, Rac1, and NADPH (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate) oxidase (Nox) 1. A deficiency in TRAF6 or expression of a dominant-interfering mutant of TRAF6 blocks RANKL-mediated ROS production. Application of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) or blocking the activity of Nox, a protein leading to the formation of ROS, with diphenylene iodonium (DPI) inhibits the responses of BMM cells to RANKL, including ROS production, activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), p38 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase, and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), and osteoclast differentiation. Moreover, both RANKL-mediated ROS production and osteoclast differentiation were completely blocked in precursors depleted of Nox1 activity by RNA interference or by expressing a dominant-negative mutant of Rac1. Together, these results indicate that ROSs act as an intracellular signal mediator for osteoclast differentiation.</P>
TRANCE-induced Osteoclast Differentiation Requires Production of Reactive Oxygen Species
Lee, Na Kyung,Choi, Young Geum,Baik, Ji Youn,Bae, Yun Soo,Lee, Soo Young 이화여자대학교 세포신호전달연구센터 2002 고사리 세포신호전달 심포지움 Vol. No.4
TRANCE, a TNF family member, is a key osteoclast differentiation/activation factor essential for bone remodeling. However, molecular mechanisms by which TRANCE activates various downstream kinases, leading to osteoclastogenesis remain to be elucidated. Here, we demonstrate that TRANCE stimulation of both bone marrow monocytes and RAW 264.7 cells, a monocytic cell line, transiently increased the intracellular concentration of reactive oxygen species(ROS) through a signaling complex involving TRAF6, c-Src, and PI3-kinase. TRANCE-induced osteoclast differentiation of bone marrow cells was inhibited when ROS production was prevented by PI3-kinase inhibitors and a flavoprotein inhibitor, diphenylene iodonium. The expression of dominant negative form of TRAF6 and treatment of PI3-kinase inhibitors specifically inhibited TRANCE-induced p38 MAP kinase activation but not ERK and JNK activation, suggesting TRANCE generates ROS through TRAF6-PI3-kinase-dependent pathway. ROS may, in turn, activate p38 MAP kinase, leading to osteoclast differentiation.
Lee, Jae-Chul,Cho, Jeong-Hwi,Lee, Tae-Kyeong,Kim, In Hye,Won, Moo-Ho,Cho, Geum-Sil,Shin, Bich-Na,Hwang, In Koo,Park, Joon Ha,Ahn, Ji Hyeon,Kang, Il Jun,Lee, Young Joo,Kim, Yang Hee Medknow PublicationsMedia Pvt Ltd 2017 Neural regeneration research Vol.12 No.9
<P>Calbindin D-28K (CB), a Ca<SUP>2+</SUP>-binding protein, maintains Ca<SUP>2+</SUP> homeostasis and protects neurons against various insults. Hyperthermia can exacerbate brain damage produced by ischemic insults. However, little is reported about the role of CB in the brain under hyperthermic condition during ischemic insults. We investigated the effects of transient global cerebral ischemia on CB immunoreactivity as well as neuronal damage in the hippocampal formation under hyperthermic condition using immunohistochemistry for neuronal nuclei (NeuN) and CB, and Fluoro-Jade B histofluorescence staining in gerbils. Hyperthermia (39.5 ± 0.2°C) was induced for 30 minutes before and during transient ischemia. Hyperthermic ischemia resulted in neuronal damage/death in the pyramidal layer of CA1–3 area and in the polymorphic layer of the dentate gyrus at 1, 2, 5 days after ischemia. In addition, hyperthermic ischemia significantly decreaced CB immunoreactivity in damaged or dying neurons at 1, 2, 5 days after ischemia. In brief, hyperthermic condition produced more extensive and severer neuronal damage/death, and reduced CB immunoreactivity in the hippocampus following transient global cerebral ischemia. Present findings indicate that the degree of reduced CB immunoreactivity might be related with various neuronal damage/death overtime and corresponding areas after ischemic insults.</P>
Geum-Gu Lee,Han-Na Oh,Young-Ja Lee 환태평양유아교육연구학회 2015 Asia-Pacific journal of research in early childhoo Vol.9 No.2
This study investigated the differences in 3, 4, and 5 year-olds’ developmental level of narratives, use of cohesive devices and mental state terms between aspects of the narratives of personal experience at home and shared experience in the kindergarten. The subjects are 56 3-, 4-, and 5- year-olds in Seoul. The results are as follows: First, the developmental level of narratives for 3-, 4-, and 5 year-olds in personal experience was lower than that of shared experience, showing a statistically significant difference. This implies that teachers should encourage young children to yield narratives which express their thoughts and feelings during daily experience. Second, the use of logical cohesive devices in personal experience was lower than that of shared experience, showing a statistically significant difference. It is suggested that children use more cohesive devices and de-contextualized language in their narratives when teachers provide language models while interacting with interesting and meaningful educational activities. Third, the use of mental state terms in personal experience was lower than that of shared experience, showing a statistically significant difference. This shows the importance of community activities and teacher’s communicative interactions in conversation involving interesting experiences with peers. Further research about this aspect is proposed.