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Na Gyeong Geum(Na Gyeong Geum),Ju Hyeong Yu(Ju Hyeong Yu),So Jung Park(So Jung Park),Min Yeong Choi(Min Yeong Choi),Jae Won Lee(Jae Won Lee),Gwang Hun Park(Gwang Hun Park),Hae-Yun Kwon(Hae-Yun Kwon),J 한국자원식물학회 2022 한국자원식물학회지 Vol.35 No.6
Under the COVID-19 pandemic, interest in immune enhancement is increasing. Although the immune-enhancing activity of plants of the genus Hibiscus has been reported, there is no study on the immune-enhancing activity of H. syriacus. Thus, in this study, we investigated the immune-enhancing activity of Hibiscus syriacus leaves (HSL) in mouse macrophages, RAW264.7 cells, and immunosuppressed mice. HSL increased the production of immunostimulatory factors such as nitric oxide (NO), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and activated the phagocytosis in RAW264.7 cells. The HSL-mediated production of immunostimulatory factors was dependent on toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), p38, and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) in RAW264.7 cells. In the immunosuppressed mouse model, HSL increased the spleen index, the levels of the cytokines, and the numbers of lymphocytes, neutrophils, and monocytes. Taken together, HSL may be considered to have immune-enhancing activity and be expected to be used as a potential immune-enhancing agent.
산돌배(Pyrus ussuriensis var. hakunensis (Nakai) T.B. Lee) 열매의 대식세포 활성화 유도 활성
금나경(Na Gyeong Geum),정진부(Jin Boo Jeong) 한국자원식물학회 2021 한국자원식물학회지 Vol.34 No.4
이상의 연구 결과로 미루어 볼 때, 산돌배 열매추출물은 대식세포에서 TLR2와 TLR4를 자극하여 MAPKs 신호전달을 활성화하여 NO, iNOS, IL-1β, IL-6 및 TNF-α와 같은 면역증진 인자의 생성을 유도하고, 대식세포의 포식작용을 활성화시키는 것으로 판단된다. 따라서 산돌배 추출물은 대식세포의 활성화를통해 인체의 면역시스템을 강화할 수 있으므로, 향후 면역 보조제나 면역증진을 위한 기능성 식의약품 개발을 위한 소재로 활용이 가능할 것으로 생각한다. In this study, we investigated in vitro immunostimulatory activity of fruit extracts from Pyrus ussuriensis var. hakunensis (Nakai) T.B. Lee (PUF) using mouse macrophage RAW264.7 cells. PUF increased the production of immunostimulatory factors such as NO, iNOS, IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α, and phagocytic activity in RAW264.7 cells. The inhibition of TLR2 and TLR4 blocked PUF-mediated production of immunostimulatory factors in RAW264.7 cells. In addition, the inhibition of MAPKs signaling pathway reduced PUF-mediated production of immunostimulatory factors. From these results, PUF may have immunostimulatory activity via TLR2/4-mediated activation of MAPKs signaling pathway. Therefore, PUF expected to be used as a potential immune-enhancing agent.
Immunostimulatory Activity of Hibiscus manihot Flower in Mouse Macrophages, RAW264.7 Cells
금나경(Na Gyeong Geum),유주형(Ju Hyeong Yu),여주호(Joo Ho Yeo),최민영(Min Yeong Choi),박광훈(Gwang Hun Park),홍세철(Se Chul Hong),정진부(Jin Boo Jeong) 한국자원식물학회 2021 한국자원식물학회지 Vol.34 No.6
In this study, we investigated whether Hibiscus manihot flowers (HMF) exhibits immunostimulatory activity in RAW264.7 cells. HMF increased the production of immunostimulatory factors such as NO, iNOS, IL-1β and TNF-α in RAW264.7 cells. TLR2 and TLR4 blocked HMF-mediated production of immunostimulatory factors in RAW264.7 cells. In addition, the inhibition of MAPK signaling pathway reduced HMF-mediated production of immunostimulatory factors. From these results, HMF is thought to promote the production of immunostimulatory factors through activating TLR2/4/MAPK signaling in macrophages. It is believed that HMF can be developed as an agent related to immune enhancement in the future.
최경철(Gyeong Cheol Choi),나환식(Hwan Sik Na),오금순(Geum Soon Oh),김성곤(Sung Kon Kim),김관(Kwan Kim) 한국식품영양과학회 2003 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.32 No.7
흑미(상해항혈나)와 신선찰벼 전분의 이화학적 성질을 조사한 결과 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 신선찰벼와 흑미 전분의 일반성분은 시료간에 차이를 보이지 않았으며, 무기성분은 신선찰벼 전분의 경우 Ca, Mg, P, Na 순으로 함유하고 있었으며, 흑미 전분의 경우 Ca, P, Fe, Mg 순으로 나타났다. 입도분포는 두 시료 모두 1.15~1.75 μm의 작은 피크와 6.27~6.97 μm 입자의 큰 피크를 보이는 이중 분포를 보여 두 품종 모두 거의 유사한 경향을 보였다. 전분의 요오드 반응에서 최대흡수파장과 λmax에서의 흡광도는 신선찰벼 전분이 각각 518 nm와 0.164, 흑미 전분이 521 nm와 0.184로 흑미 전분이 다소 높았으며, 625 nm에서의 흡광도 값은 신선찰벼 전분이 0.112, 흑미가 0.140으로 나타났다. 고유점도는 신선찰벼 전분이 178 mL/g, 흑미 전분이 183 mL/g으로 흑미 전분이 다소 높게 나타났으나, 물결합능력은 103.5%와 103.3%로 두 시료간에 차이를 보이지 않았다. 전분의 팽윤력과 용해도는 두 시료 모두 55~60℃에서는 완만한 증가를 보이다가 60℃를 경계로 65℃까지 급격히 중가하여 70℃ 이후에는 서서히 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 신선찰벼와 흑미 전분의 X-선 회절도는 전형적인 A형을 보였으며, 주사전자현미경에 의한 입자의 형태 관찰에서는 두 시료간에 차이를 보이지 않았다. This study examined physicochemical properties of two waxy rice starches, shinsun and black rice starches. Proximate compositions of both samples were similar. The major minerals in the shinsun rice starches were Ca, Mg, P and Na, whereas those in black rice starches were Ca, P, Fe and Mg. The major particle size of shinsun rice starch was 6.97 micron and that of black rice starch was 6.27 micron. In iodine reaction, maximum absorbance wavelength (λmax) and absorbance at 625 nm of black rice starch were higher than those of shinsun rice starch. Intrinsic viscosity of black rice starch (183 mL/g) was higher than that of shinsun rice starch (178 mL/g). Water binding capacity was similar in both samples. Swelling power and solubility of black rice starch were lower than those of shinsun rice starch. X-ray diffraction patterns of all samples showed traditional A type of cereals as shown peaks at 15.2 (15.0), 17.2 (17.15), 18.05 (17.95), 23.25 (23.15)°. The common shape of SEM was observed in both waxy rice starches.
금나경(Na Gyeong Geum),여주호(Joo Ho Yeo),류주형(Ju Hyeong Yu),최민영(Min Yeong Choi),이재원(Jae Won Lee),백정규(Jueng Kyu Baek),정진부(Jin Boo Jeong) 한국자원식물학회 2021 한국자원식물학회지 Vol.34 No.3
Bok choy is one of Brassica vegetables widely consumed worldwide. Brassica vegetables have been reported to exert various pharmacological activities such as antioxidant, anti-cancer and cardioprotective activity. However, studies on immunostimulatory activity of bok choy sprout have not been conducted properly. Thus, in this study, we investigated in vitro immunostimulatory activity of bok choy sprout extract (BCS) using mouse macrophage RAW264.7 cells. Our results showed that BCS increased the production of immunomodulators such as NO, iNOS, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-12, TNF-α and MCP-1, and phagocytic activity in RAW264.7 cells. BCS activated MAPK, NF-κB and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways. However, BCS-mediated production of immunomodulators was dependent on JNK, NF-κB and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways. the mRNA expression of TLR2 were significantly increased by BCS, TLR2 inhibition by anti-TLR2 dramatically suppressed the production of immunomodulators by BCS. In addition, TLR2 inhibition by anti-TLR2 significantly reduced BCS-mediated phosphorylation level of AKT, JNK and NF-κB. From these results, BCS may have immunostimulatory activity via TLR2-MAPK, NF-κB and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways. Therefore, BCS expected to be used as a potential immune-enhancing agent.
최경철(Gyeong Cheol Choi),나환식(Hwan Sik Na),오금순(Geum Soon Oh),김성곤(Sung Kon Kim),김관(Kwan Kim) 한국식품영양과학회 2005 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.34 No.1
찰흑미(상해항혈나) 전분의 호화 특성을 알아보고자 신선찰벼 전분을 대조구로 SEM, X-ray 회절도, 시차주사열량계와 신속점도계를 이용하여 호화특성을 비교하였다. 주사전자현미경에 의한 입자형태의 변화에서는 60℃에서 찰흑미 전분에 비해 신선찰벼 전분의 입자 붕괴가 더 심하였으며, 시차주사열량계에 의한 관찰에서는 신선찰벼와 찰흑미 전분의 호화개시온도는 62.0℃와 63.0℃, 피크온도는 69.0℃, 69.4℃, 호화절정온도는 78.7℃, 78.9℃, 호화엔탈피는 각각 8.65 J/g, 8.87 J/g로 서로 차이를 보이지 않았다. 생 전분의 X-선회절양상은 두 시료 모두 전형적인 A형을 보였고, 가열온도에 따른 양상에 있어서 60℃ 및 65℃에서 신선찰벼 전분에 비해 찰흑미 전분의 결정형이 상대적으로 많음을 알 수 있었으나 65℃를 경계로 결정형 영역은 완전히 사라졌다. 신속점도계를 이용한 호화특성에서는 최고점도, breakdown, 최종점도, setback은 시료간에 큰 차이를 보이지 않았다. This study was investigated to examine gelatinization properties of waxy black rice starches. X-ray diffraction patterns in raw starches showed traditional A type of cereals. The crystalline regions of both black rice and Shinsunchalbyeo starches disappeared when temperature increased to 65℃ where the crystalline regions of two starches changed to amorphous ones. Scanning Electron Microscope showed that granule type of Shinsunchalbyeo starch was more collapsed compared to that of black rice starch heated at 60℃. Gelatinization in both samples completed when samples were heated at 63℃. The results by Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) revealed that gelatinization patterns were similar in both samples. In Rapid Visco Analyzer examination, there was no difference in peak viscosity, breakdown, final viscosity and setback between Shinsunchalbyeo and waxy black rice starches.
최경철(Gyeong Cheol Choi),나환식(Hwan Sik Na),오금순(Geum Soon Oh),김성곤(Sung Kon Kim),김관(Kwan Kim) 한국식품영양과학회 2005 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.34 No.2
찰흑미(상해항혈나)에서 열수가용성 물질과 열수불용성 물질을 분리하여 그 전분의 겔 크로마토그래피 용출양상을 조사하였다. 열수가용성 물질은 찰흑미 전분이 16.6%, 신선 찰벼 전분이 13.4%였으며, 열수가용성 물질의 Sepharose CL-2B에 의한 용출양상은 두 시료 모두 void volume 부근에서 대부분 용출되었고, 열수가용성 물질에 대한 요오드복합체의 최대흡수파장은 신선찰벼 전분과 찰흑미 전분이 각각 522㎚와 520㎚로 생 전분에서의 요오드반응과 비교하여 약간의 이동이 있었다. 열수불용성 물질의 Sepharose CL-2B에 의한 용출양상은 열수가용성 물질의 용출양상과 서로 비슷하였으며 요오드복합체와의 최대흡수파장은 열수가용성 물질보다 낮았다. Some structural characteristics of hot-water soluble and insoluble starches (waxy black rice starch) were investigated. The hot-water soluble material content of waxy black rice starch was higher (16.6%) than that (13.4%) of Shinsunchalbyeo starch heated at 98oC for 8 min. The λmax and absorbance at 625 nm for hot-water soluble and insoluble material of waxy black rice starch were lower than those of Shinsunchalbyeo. Elution patterns of hot water soluble and insoluble materials by gel permeation chromatography (Sepharose CL-2B) were similar in both samples.