Nutritional Immunity and Microbial Infection: Development of New Therapeutics

Minhye Shin,Younghoon Kim 한국식품영양과학회 2021 한국식품영양과학회 학술대회발표집 Vol.2021 No.10

Iron is an essential element for survival and metabolism for all living organisms including archaea, bacteria, and mammals. Each has evolved specialized iron uptake systems to efficiently acquire iron from the extracellular environment, competing each other for the vital nutrient. As the mammalian hosts sequester iron providing an innate defense, termed nutritional immunity, pathogenic microorganisms also have developed a number of ways to acquire, transport, and store iron for survival and virulence expression within their hosts. Especially the bacterial ferrous iron transporter protein FeoB functions as a major iron transporter in prokaryotes, making it a potential target for anti-microbial and anti-virulence therapeutics. In order to develop a novel class of anti-microbial agents targeting the bacterial iron metabolism, high throughput screening of inhibitors against the nucleotide hydrolysis activity of FeoB based on the colorimetric and luminescence-based platforms was tested with a custom assembled library of approximately 2,000 small molecules. Two candidate molecules, GW3965 HCl and PHT 427, effectively inhibited FeoB in vitro enzyme activity, bacterial growth including Staphylococcus aureus, and its virulence factor s expression. Considering the high frequency of antibiotic resistant S. aureus, the inhibitors synergistically enhanced bacterial antibiotic susceptibility. In addition, unlike their effects on bacteria, the inhibitor s did not show any toxicity on animal model systems. These results indicate that the bacterial Feo system represents a good target for anti-microbial strategies and will provide new insight for developing a next generation antibacterial therapy. This research was supported by the Basic Science Research Program (NRF-2019R1I1A1A01058125) through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF).

Antibacterial Therapeutics: Targeting Bacterial Iron Transport Systems

Minhye SHIN 한국생물공학회 2022 한국생물공학회 학술대회 Vol.2022 No.4

요가지도자의 지도 및 수행에서의 성찰과 몰입

신민혜(Minhye Shin),조남기(Namki Cho) 한국복합리조트포럼 2022 관광체육연구 Vol.1 No.1

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to understand changes before, during and after Yoga instructor’s teaching and performing Yoga and his/her contemplation. Method: Qualitative approach was implemented. In-depth interview, non-participation observation and document review were performed with six participants. interview transcription, description of observation, document comparison were adopted for analyses of data. Triangulation with interview, observation and document review was applied to increase the level of trustworthiness in data collection and analyses. Results: Contemplation before, during and after Yoga was observed. The participants perceive the need for contemplation. They expect that their students experience perception of self-beauty, enhanced health, sense of achievement, self-confidence, stress easiness and positive attitude. Conclusion: Consequently, Yoga instructors need to keep doing contemplation for their well-being as well as their students’ well-being.

Unraveling Productivity-Enhancing Genes in Chinese Hamster Ovary Cells via CRISPR Activation Screen Using Recombinase-Mediated Cassette Exchange System

Minhye BAEK,Su Hyun KIM,Che Lin KIM,Seunghyun SHIN,Gyun Min LEE 한국생물공학회 2023 한국생물공학회 학술대회 Vol.2023 No.10

Hepatitis B Virus X Protein Regulates Hepatic Glucose Homeostasis via Activation of Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase

Shin, Hye-Jun,Park, Young-Ho,Kim, Sun-Uk,Moon, Hyung-Bae,Park, Do Sim,Han, Ying-Hao,Lee, Chul-Ho,Lee, Dong-Seok,Song, In-Sung,Lee, Dae Ho,Kim, Minhye,Kim, Nam-Soon,Kim, Dae-Ghon,Kim, Jin-Man,Kim, Sang American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Bi 2011 The Journal of biological chemistry Vol.286 No.34

<P>Dysregulation of liver functions leads to insulin resistance causing type 2 diabetes mellitus and is often found in chronic liver diseases. However, the mechanisms of hepatic dysfunction leading to hepatic metabolic disorder are still poorly understood in chronic liver diseases. The current work investigated the role of hepatitis B virus X protein (<I>HBx</I>) in regulating glucose metabolism. We studied HBx-overexpressing (<I>HBx</I>Tg) mice and <I>HBx</I>Tg mice lacking inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). Here we show that gene expressions of the key gluconeogenic enzymes were significantly increased in HepG2 cells expressing HBx (HepG2-<I>HBx</I>) and in non-tumor liver tissues of hepatitis B virus patients with high levels of <I>HBx</I> expression. In the liver of <I>HBx</I>Tg mice, the expressions of gluconeogenic genes were also elevated, leading to hyperglycemia by increasing hepatic glucose production. However, this effect was insufficient to cause systemic insulin resistance. Importantly, the actions of HBx on hepatic glucose metabolism are thought to be mediated via iNOS signaling, as evidenced by the fact that deficiency of <I>iNOS</I> restored HBx-induced hyperglycemia by suppressing the gene expression of gluconeogenic enzymes. Treatment of HepG2-<I>HBx</I> cells with nitric oxide (NO) caused a significant increase in the expression of gluconeogenic genes, but JNK1 inhibition was completely normalized. Furthermore, hyperactivation of JNK1 in the liver of <I>HBx</I>Tg mice was also suppressed in the absence of iNOS, indicating the critical role for JNK in the mutual regulation of HBx- and iNOS-mediated glucose metabolism. These findings establish a novel mechanism of HBx-driven hepatic metabolic disorder that is modulated by iNOS-mediated activation of JNK.</P>

PISA 2015에 나타난 한국 학생들의 과학 성취와 동기에 대한 탐구기반 수업과 교사 지도방식의 상호작용 효과

신다정(Shin, Dajung Diane),이민혜(Lee, Minhye) 한국교육심리학회 2021 敎育心理硏究 Vol.35 No.4

탐구기반 과학 수업에 대한 학계와 현장의 관심이 높다. 탐구기반 수업은 학생들이 직접 과학적 현상을 탐구하며 지식을 축적할 뿐만 아니라, 전문 과학자들의 탐구과정을 내면화하게 돕는 수업 방식이다. 그러나 여전히 탐구기반 수업이 학생들의 성취와 동기 증진에 효과적인지, 탐구를 진행할 때 교사의 지도는 얼마나, 어떻게 이루어져야 하는지에 대한 논쟁이 분분하다. 본 연구에서는 PISA 2015 한국 자료를 활용해 학생성취와 동기에 대한 탐구기반 수업의 효과와 이를 조절하는 교사의 네 가지 지도방식(교사주도 직접교수, 학생중심 맞춤형 교수, 피드백-피드포워드 제공, 학업적 지원 제공)의 상호작용 효과를 탐색하였다. 그 결과, 전반적으로 학생들이 탐구기반 수업의 빈도가 잦다고 느낄수록 과학에 대한 성취는 낮은 반면, 과학에 대한 동기는 높게 나타났다. 하지만 학생들이 과학교사의 지도가 많다고 느낄수록, 탐구기반 수업의 성취에 대한 부적효과는 상쇄되고 동기에 대한 정적효과는 증폭되었다. 이러한 탐구기반 수업과 교사의 지도방식 간의 상호작용 양상은 지도방식 유형에 따라 다소 상이하였다. 교사주도 직접교수와 피드백-피드포워드 제공의 직접적인 교사 지도방식은 탐구기반 수업의 효과를 가장 강력하게 조절하였다. 반면, 학생중심 맞춤형 교수와 학업적 지원 제공과 같은 상대적으로 간접적인 형태의 교사 지도방식은 탐구기반 수업의 효과를 약하게 조절하였다. 결과를 종합해 볼 때, 보다 명시적이고 개별화된 형태의 교사 지도방식이 탐구기반 수업으로 인한 학령기 학생들의 불필요한 인지부하를 낮춤으로써 긍정적인 효과를 높일 수 있다. The promises of inquiry-based science teaching, which enables students to acquire scientific knowledge through self-directed investigation, have long been advocated by researchers and practitioners. However, disagreements prevail concerning the effectiveness of inquiry-based teaching on student outcomes and the kinds of teacher guidance necessary to support such teaching. We used the Korean Program for International Student Assessment (PISA) 2015 data to examine the interaction between inquiry-based teaching and four types of teacher guidance (teacher-directed instruction, adaptive instruction, feedback-feedforward, and academic support) on students’ science achievement (scientific literacy, collaborative problem solving) and motivation (interest, self-efficacy, participation in science-related activities). The results revealed that the frequent occurrence of inquiry-based teaching in science classes was negatively associated with students’ science achievement and positively associated with their science motivation. Students’ perception of greater teacher guidance in science class compensated for the peril of inquiry-based teaching on achievement and boosted the benefit on motivation. The strengths of interactions between inquiry-based teaching and teacher guidance varied depending on the types of guidance students deemed prevalent in their science classroom. Of the four different guidance styles, teacher-directed instruction and feedback-feedforward most strongly moderated the relationship between inquiry-based teaching and student outcomes. Adaptive instruction and academic support played minimal roles in moderating the relationship. These findings suggest that explicit and personalized teacher-directed guidance, rather than implicit and less direct guidance, may be key to making inquiry-based teaching more fruitful.

성별과 과학 관련 직업포부에 따른 초등학생 과학 학습동기와 성취도의 차이

이민혜(Minhye Lee),신다정(Da-Jung Diane Shin),봉미미(Mimi Bong) 한국진로교육학회 2018 진로교육연구 Vol.31 No.3

초등학교 고학년 시기는 진로발달과 정체성 탐색의 결정적 시기인 동시에 성 고정관념이 견고해지는 시기이기도 하다. 전통적으로 성비 불균형이 문제시 되어 온 과학기술 분야에 대한 사회적 인식이 높아지고 있는 현 시점에서 과연 초등학생의 과학 관련 직업포부에서의 성차가 여전히 존재하는지, 존재한다면 성별과 직업포부에 따라 과학 학습동기와 성취도가 달라지는지 검증하였다. 그 결과, 성별에 따른 직업포부의 차이가 여전히 존재하였으며, 가장 두드러지는 차이는 과학, 통신, 공학 전문가 및 관련 직업포부에서 나타나는 것으로 확인되었다. 구체적으로 남학생이 선호하는 직업 상위 3개는 운동선수, 과학자, 인터넷 컨텐츠 크리에이터인 반면, 여학생이 선호하는 직업 상위 3개는 예술가, 교사, 연예인으로 나타났다. 또한 과학 관련 직업포부를 추구하는 남학생의 비율은 전체 남학생의 53%인 반면, 여학생의 비율은 전체 여학생의 31%에 불과했다. 성별과 과학 관련 직업포부 추구 여부에 따른 과학 학습동기와 성취도의 차이도 발견되었다. 성별의 주효과는 과학 과목에 대한 개인적 흥미에서만 발견됐지만, 과학 관련 직업포부의 주효과는 상황적 흥미, 개인적 흥미, 자기효능감, 유용가치, 학업성취도에서 모두 발견되었다. 학습동기 변인에서는 성별과 과학 관련 직업포부의 상호작용 효과 또한 유의하게 나타났는데, 과학 관련 직업포부를 추구하는 남학생이 과학과 무관한 직업포부를 추구하는 남학생에 비해 대부분 과학 학습동기가 월등히 높은 것으로 나타난 반면, 여학생의 경우 과학 관련 직업포부 추구 여부에 따른 차이가 통계적으로 유의하지 않았다. 이는 곧 남학생의 경우 과학 과목에 대한 동기가 과학 관련 직업포부를 선택하는 결정적 요인으로 작용했으나, 여학생의 경우 스스로 지각한 과학 동기 이외의 요인에 의해 과학 관련 직업포부로의 선택 혹은 기피가 결정되었을 가능성을 시사한다. 따라서 중학교 자유학기제를 앞둔 초등학교 고학년에게 자신의 동기와 적성을 바탕으로 한 진로 탐색의 기회를 폭넓게 제공하는 노력이 필요하다. Upper elementary school years are the most sensitive period in the development of career and gender identity. While there is a growing interest in STEM (science, technology, engineering, and mathematics) related occupations, the present study focused on whether gender imbalance exists in these fields and how this difference explains a gender gap in science motivation and achievement among elementary school students. The results indeed revealed a significant gender difference in career aspirations of fifth and sixth graders, particularly in STEM related careers. The most popular careers among the boys were athletes, scientists, and Web content creators, whereas those among the girl were artists, teachers, and entertainers. Also, 53% of the boys mentioned science related careers among their top 3 priorities, compared to only 31% of the girls who did so. Science motivation and achievement of these students differed depending on gender and science related career aspirations. Among the boys, students who hoped for careers in science showed far superior science motivation and achievement than those who did not. In contrast, there was no difference among the girls depending on their career aspirations in science. These results suggest that science motivation and career aspirations are still under the influence of gender stereotype and that career education for elementary school students should be designed to reduce the existing gap between girls and boys before they embark on more systematic career explorations.

Analysis of Central Line-associated Bloodstream Infection among Infants in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: A Single Center Study

Kim Minhye,Choi Sujin,Jung Young Hwa,Choi Chang Won,Shin Myoung-jin,Kim Eu Suk,Lee Hyunju 대한소아감염학회 2021 Pediatric Infection and Vaccine Vol.28 No.3

Purpose: This study aimed to determine the incidence of central line-associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), evaluate the patients' clinical characteristics, and identify the etiologic agents for guidance in prevention and treatment. Methods: A retrospective chart review study of infants classified as having CLABSI was conducted at the NICU of Seoul National University Bundang Hospital from January 2016 to December 2020. Results: Of the 45 infants, 53 had CLABSIs within a follow-up period of 18,622 catheter days. The incidence of CLABSIs was 2.85 per 1,000 catheter days. The most common catheter type was a peripherally inserted central catheter (n=47, 81%). A total of 57 pathogens were isolated, of which 57.9% (n=33) were Gram-positive bacteria, 36.8% (n=21) were Gram-negative bacteria, and 5.3% (n=3) were Candida spp. The most common pathogens were Staphylococcus aureus (n=12, 21%) and coagulase-negative staphylococci (n=12, 21%), followed by Klebsiella aerogenes (n=8, 14%). The median duration of bacteremia was 2 days, and 19 episodes showed bacteremia for 3 days or more. The mortality rate of infants within 14 days of CLABSI was 13.3% (n=6). Conclusions: This study analyzed the incidence of CLABSI and the distribution of pathogens in the NICU. Continuous monitoring of CLABSI based on active surveillance serves as guidance for empiric antibiotic use and also serves as a tool to assess the necessity for implementation of prevention strategies and their impact.

해방이후 수려선이 수원의 도시형태에 미친 영향에 관한 연구

황민혜(Minhye Hwang),신예경(Ye-kyeong Shin) 한국철도학회 2018 한국철도학회논문집 Vol.21 No.3

의식에너지 단계와 명상법의 분류에 관한 연구

이민혜(MinHye Lee),Yan Zhang,심인섭(InSop Shin),송방호(BangHo Song),정동명(DongMyong Jeong) 韓國精神科學學會 2012 한국정신과학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.36 No.-

The purpose of this paper is for the classification of effective meditation techniques and analysis of the prerequisites concerned with consciousness level, Classification methodology based on consciousness map by the David R. Hawkins in his book Power vs Force classified as human consciousness logarithmic values under the guidance of each individual consciousness level. The history of meditation and meditation techniques of yoga and Zen before occurred, due to various meditation method has been developed, in recent years, industrialization and the information age, an era of infinite competition of their respective spiritual impoverishment of humanity and the decline in the quality of life improved, or Psychosomatic s in the field of without radiation and drugs to patients a way to heal is being used in various fields is a trend. However, meditation used as a tool for the relaxation and traditional religious awakening and enlightenment through the self-completion, It can not use same meditation method, apply to overcome stress and to seek mental health mindfulness(MBSR). So, demand has been increased development the new scientific meditation techniques in order to meditate more objective and efficient because of the meditation depending on what the purpose of pursuing different. Accordingly, the 17 stages of human consciousness from shame 20 to 1000 enlightenment was classified into 3 level, according to this classification, analyzed the prerequisite for the achievement of the purposes of meditation.