Technical Optimization of Culture Conditions for the Production of Exopolysaccharide (EPS) by Lactobacillus rhamnosus ATCC 9595

Younghoon Kim,Ji Uk Kim,Sejong Oh,Young Jun Kim,Myunghee Kim,Sae Hun Kim 한국식품과학회 2008 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.17 No.3

Microbial exopolysaccharide (EPS) is a biothickener that can be added to a wide variety of food products, where it serves as a viscosifying, stabilizing, emulsifying, and gelling agent. The objective of this study was to investigate the optimum conditions of pH, incubation temperature, and whey protein concentration (WPC) for EPS production by Lactobacillus rhamnosus ATCC 9595. We found that maximal EPS production was achieved at a pH of 5.5 and temperature of 37℃. At the same fermentation conditions, EPS production was affected by the addition of L. rhamnosus GG (a weak-EPS producer). After growth for 24 hr, total EPS production was 583±15.4 mg/L in the single culture system, and 865±22.6 mg/L in the co-culture system with L. rhamnosus GG. Based on the presence of WPC, EPS production dramatically increased from 583±15.4 (under no WPC supplementation) to 1,011±14.7 mg/L (under supplementation with 1.0% WPC). These results suggest that WPC supplementation and the co-culture systems coupled with small portions of weak-EPS producing strain can play an important role in the enhancement of EPS production.

Molecular Tagging of the Gene Controlling Fruit Peel Color in Tomato (Solanu lycopersicum L.)

Bichsaem Kim,Namhui Kim,Hyeogjun Kim,Dongyeop Han,Daen Kim,Younghoon Park 한국육종학회 2014 한국육종학회 심포지엄 Vol.2014 No.07

Fresh market tomato cultivars are divided largely based on fruit color appearance (red or pink), which is attributed by the trait of peel. It had been reported that mutation of the Slmyb12 gene suppresses synthesis of yellow-colored flavonoid (naringenin chalcone) in peel and causes pinkish tomato fruit. Whereas wild-type tomato plants synthesizing naringenin chalcone produce yellow-colored peel, which resulting in the fruit appearance to be red. The present study was performed to investigate the association between the Slmyb12 and fruit color of domestic tomato inbreed lines. A SCAR marker was developed from an Indel mutation site (72bp insertion in exon3) of the Slmyb12, and tested on 22 and 18 red and pink-fruited inbred lines, respectively. Unexpectedly, the results showed that all inbred lines tested had wild-type Slmyb12. The full length sequences of the Slmyb12 were cloned from two inbred lines (FCR1 and FCP1), but the sequence alignment did not identify any nucleotide variations within this gene. Furthermore, scanning of SNPs between FCR1 and FCP1 using SolCAP Tomato SNP array) found no SNPs for Slmyb12. To delimit the genomic region of the gene conferring fruit color of domestic tomato lines, we are analyzing SNPs in the genes adjacent to the Slmyb12 using an F2 population derived from FCR1 x FCP1. So far, one SNP located at 1,750kbp downstream from the stop codon of Slmyb12 was mapped using 54 F2 plants and 83% of phenotype-marker association was revealed, demonstrating that the fruit color is controlled bySlmyb12 indeed, or other neighboring gene(s) involved in the pathway of naringenin chalcone synthesis. Further study with more SNPs will clear up this question.

A cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence(CAPS) derived from a conserved missense mutation of the CmACS-7 for selecting monoecious melon plants (Cucumis melo L.)

Namhui Kim,Juyeol Oh,Bichsaem Kim,Hyeogjun Kim,Dongyeop Han,Daen Kim,Younghoon Park 한국육종학회 2014 한국육종학회 심포지엄 Vol.2014 No.07

Most of the melon(Cucumis melo L.) breeding lines in Korea show andromonoecious (male-perfect flowers) sex expression, which requires laborious hand emasculation to produce the F1 seeds. There is a high demand for developing monoecious (male-female flowers) elite germplasm. The present study was carried out to develop molecular markers for selecting monoecious plants based on the CmACS-7 gene [a locus with 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid synthase(ACS) activity] responsible for ethylene synthesis and sex determination in melon. The full length sequences of the CmACS-7 were cloned from a monoecious inbred ‘Mo23’ and an andromonoecious inbred ‘Am24’. Sequence alignment revealed a major SNP(C170T) in exon1 and 18bp indel in intron4 of the CmACS-7, and a CAPS (SNP-C170T) and SCAR (ID4-18) were developed from the SNP and indel, respectively. A total of 453 F2 plants derived from ‘Mo23’ x ‘Am24’ were determined for their sex expression and genotyped using the SCAR marker. A Mendelian ratio of 3(monoecy): 1(andromonoecy) was observed from the F2 population, and sex type of 449 plants (except for four plants that showed incomplete monoecy) cosegregated with the SCAR marker, demonstrating that CmACS-7 is a single dominant gene conferring monoecy of ‘Mo23’. Allele variation of the CmACS-7 was evaluated by genotyping 114 melon accessions with diverse geographical origins using the CAPS and SCAR. C170T-SNP in exon1 of the CmACS-7 was highly conserved in melon germplasm and perfectly matched with the phenotype, whereas the 18bp-indel mutation in intron4 existed in various forms. The results demonstrated that CAPS marker SNP-C170T can be useful for marker-assisted selection(MAS) of monoecious melon plants

A Case Study for the Protection of the South-North Tourism Agreement: Focusing on Tourism Feng Shui Storytelling

Younghoon Kim J-INSTITUTE 2022 Protection Convergence Vol.7 No.1

Purpose: This study seeks to present ways to realize tourism and unification for North and South Koreas based on the development of tourist destinations which can help link tourism to exchanges including mutual visits for the separated families of North and South Koreas, the North-South dialogue, politics, economy, culture and sports by developing tourist destinations from which politics of the two Koreas are fully excluded towards the realization of multi purposed tourism as well as the realization of mutual tourism for the two Koreans absent South Korean tourists for North Korea. Based on which, it would be possible to review, first, the development of tourist destina-tions of South Korea through which South Koreans can visit Mt. Geumgang of North Korea and North Koreans can visit tourist destinations of South Korea. Second, it would be possible to review a plan for carrying out ex-changes for the mutual visits of separated families by linking the exchanges of separated families of North and South Koreas at Mt. Geumgang of North Korea with tourist destinations of South Korea. Third, by developing tourist destinations for the purposes of tourism only which North Korea might demand, it would be possible to review alternatives for North Korea s South Korean tourist destinations in the future. Fourth, based on the afore-said, the purpose of tourism and unification may be realized and tourist exchanges may be reviewed under the premise of free travel. Methods: This study seeks to analyze changes in the tourism related conditions according to the expected changes in the North-South Korean relations and changes in tourism due to the expected changes of the North-South Korean relations via the previous data. Furthermore, through the current status of human exchanges of North Korea, the start of the North-South Korean tourism, and the performance achievements of Mt. Geumgang tourism, this study seeks to examine and understand the changes in the North-South Korean relations according to the North-South Korean summit and the tourism related feng shui storytelling intended for the North-South Korean tourism. Results: Achieving a form of tourism through the North-South Korean exchanges is the top priority. Hence, in order to achieve the purpose of feng shui tourism in the future, it would be necessary to develop the tourist destinations from which politics of North and South Koreas are completely excluded. Towards this end, it is necessary to develop a tourist program by utilizing the tomb of Kim Tae-Seo located at Mt. Moak in Jeonbuk in which the North Korean leadership expressed deep interest ever since the North-South Summit of 2000. To this end, it will be necessary to develop a program which utilizes the storytelling of tourist feng shui utilizing the simple Korean culture which goes beyond the politics, while developing tourism. Conclusion: Tourism has clear points of contact for the unification, and it will be necessary to utilize the points of contact for the North-South Korean tourism through the mutual linkage of the North-South Korean relations moving forward to achieve the purpose of tourism and expect the unification on the Korean Peninsula.

Development of a high-resolution melting marker for selecting Fusarium crown and root rot resistance in tomato

Kim, Bichseam,Kim, Nahui,Kim, Jun Young,Kim, Byung Sup,Jung, Hee-Jeong,Hwang, Indoek,Noua, Ill-Sup,Sim, Sung-Chur,Park, Younghoon,Belzile, F. Canadian Science Publishing 2016 Genome Vol.59 No.3

<P> Fusarium crown and root rot is a severe fungal disease of tomato caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-lycopersici (FORL). In this study, the genomic location of the FORL-resistance locus was determined using a set of molecular markers on chromosome 9 and an F2 population derived from FORL-resistant inbred ‘AV107-4’ (Solanum lycopersicum) × susceptible ‘L3708’ (Solanum pimpinellifolium). Bioassay performed using Korean FORL strain KACC 40031 showed single dominant inheritance of FORL resistance in the F2 population. In all, 13 polymerase chain reaction-based markers encompassing approximately 3.6-72.0 Mb of chromosome 9 were developed based on the Tomato-EXPEN 2000 map and SolCAP Tomato single nucleotide polymorphism array analysis. These markers were genotyped on 345 F2 plants, and the FORL-resistance locus was found to be present on a pericentromeric region of suppressed chromosomal recombination in chromosome 9. The location of the FORL-resistance locus was further confirmed by testing these markers against diverse commercial tomato and stock cultivars resistant to FORL. A restriction fragment length polymorphism marker, PNU-D4, located at approximately 6.1 Mb of chromosome 9 showed the highest match with the resistance locus and was used for conducting high-resolution melting analysis for marker-assisted selection of FORL resistance. </P>

Study on Motion Recognition Scheme Using Acceleration Sensor in Mobile Devices

Younghoon Kim,Sangyub Kim,Dongmin Kang,Hwangsoo Park,Nammoon Kim,Sung Hyun Yang,Youngok Kim 보안공학연구지원센터 2013 International Journal of Smart Home Vol.7 No.6

Anticancer activity of lactoferrin isolated from caprine colostrum on human cancer cell lines

KIM, YOUNGHOON,KIM, MAE JIN,HAN, KYOUNG SIK,IMM, JEE YOUNG,OH, SEJONG,KIM, SAE HUN Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2009 International journal of dairy technology Vol.62 No.2

<P><I>In the present study, lactoferrin was purified from caprine colostrum and its anticancer effects were investigated on various cancer cell lines, including lung, colon, cervix, stomach and breast cancer cells. The caprine lactoferrin (CLF) was purified by ultrafiltration and sequential chromatography using a CM-Sephadex C-50-120 ion-exchange column and affinity chromatography on Hi-Trap<SUP>TM</SUP> Heparin HP. The purified CLF exhibited antiproliferative effects on the five tested cancer cell lines in a dose-dependent manner, with 20–30% survival as compared to the control. Interestingly, the most intense inhibition of cell growth was observed on the ZR-75-1 breast cancer cells (IC<SUB>50</SUB> = 27.5 µg/mL). Our findings suggest, for the first time, that purified CLF from caprine colostrum may constitute a novel anticancer agent for the food industry.</I></P>

Floor and Motion Classifying Scheme Exploiting Smart-phone for Indoor Movements

Younghoon Kim,Nammoon Kim,Youngok Kim 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Smart Home Vol.9 No.7

In these days, smart-phone becomes a major personal communication device and more and more hardware including various sensors as well as software including various applications tend to be mounted on it. In this paper, we propose a classification scheme that classifies ambulatory movements of the user and the floor where the user exists with a smart-phone. In the proposed scheme, ambulatory movements of the user are classified by exploiting the barometer and the accelerometer, while the GPS data is used to classifies the floor information. With the proposed scheme, various motions, such as walking, stop, up and down motions with elevator or stairs, are distinguished by utilizing the data from the barometer and the accelerometer. When the user enters a building, the building information is confirmed with the GPS information and the smart-phone can classify ambulatory movements and the floor information of the user. An Android application is developed for the performance evaluation of the proposed scheme. The proposed scheme is evaluated with experiments at general building in university and the accuracy of the proposed scheme is more than 94% for floor estimation, although there is still works to improve the estimation of movements.

Rational Design and Construction of Hierarchical Superstructures Using Shape-Persistent Organic Cages: Porphyrin Box-Based Metallosupramolecular Assemblies

Kim, Younghoon,Koo, Jaehyoung,Hwang, In-Chul,Mukhopadhyay, Rahul Dev,Hong, Soonsang,Yoo, Jejoong,Dar, Ajaz Ahmad,Kim, Ikjin,Moon, Dohyun,Shin, Tae Joo,Ko, Young Ho,Kim, Kimoon American Chemical Society 2018 JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY - Vol.140 No.44

<P>We report a new approach to building hierarchical superstructures using a shape-persistent porous organic cage, which acts as a premade secondary building unit, and coordination chemistry. To illustrate the principle, a zinc-metalated porphyrin box (<B>Zn-PB</B>), a corner-truncated cubic porous cage, was connected by suitable dipyridyl terminated bridging ligands to construct <B>PB</B>-based hierarchical superstructures (<B>PSS</B>s). The <B>PSS</B>s were stabilized not only by the coordination bonds between Zn ions and bipyridyl-terminated ligands but also by π-π interactions between the corners of the <B>Zn-PB</B> units. By varying the length of the linker, we identified an optimum range of the linker length for construction of <B>PSS</B>s. The <B>PSS</B>s have large void volumes and an extrinsic surface area compared to the parent PBs, which can be exploited for the selective encapsulation and interior functionalization of the <B>PSS</B>s for various applications, including catalysis. We observed that singlet oxygen induced synthesis of the natural product, juglone, is more efficiently catalyzed by <B>PSS-1</B> than its constituent component <B>Zn-PB</B>.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>

Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Imidazopyrazinone Derivatives as Antagonists of Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins (IAPs)

Kim Jisook,Bae Inhwan,Song Jiyoung,Kim Younghoon,Ahn Younggil,Park Hyun‐Ju,Kim Ha Hyung,Kim Dae Kyong 대한화학회 2021 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.42 No.6

Apoptosis inhibitor (IAP) proteins are overexpressed in many cancers and implicated in tumor growth, so the development of antagonist that disrupts with the binding of IAP to their partner protein is a promising therapeutic strategy. In an effort to increase cellular activity and improve favorable drug-like properties, we newly designed and synthesized monovalent analogues based on imidazopyrazinone structure of 9. Optimization of cellular potency led to the identification of 17, which showed increase of submicromolar activity (GI50 = 234 nM) and caspase-3 activation (6.3-fold) in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. These findings clearly show the potential for 17 as a promising monovalent antagonist for the development of an effective anticancer treatment.