특수형 방사성 동위원소 운반캡슐의 안정성 평가

이주찬,서기석,구정회,방경식,한현수,박성원 대한방사선 방어학회 2001 방사선방어학회지 Vol.26 No.1

특수형 방사성물질 운반캡슐은 국내외의 수송관련 법규에 규정된 기술기준을 만족하도록 설계, 제작되어야 한다. 본 연구의 목적은 하나로에서 생산된 192Ir 특수형 동위원소 운반캡슐의 건전성을 평가하는데 있다. 법규에서 규정된 낙하시험, 타격시험, 굽힘시헝 및 가열시험조건에 대한 안전성 시험을 수행하였으며, 각각의 시험 전후에 누설시험을 수행하였다. 또한, 안전성시험과 더불어 컴퓨터코드를 이용한 전산해석을 수행하여 안전성시험 전에 시험결과에 대한 예측자료로 활용되었다. 낙하시험 및 가열시험 결과 캡슐 표면에서 약간의 흠집과 변형이 발생하였으나, 각각의 시험에서 평가기준이 되는 캡슐의 손상이나 용융 등은 발생하지 않았다. 또한 각 시험 후 수행한 누설시험 결과 누설이 발생하지 않았다. 따라서 특수형 방사성물질 운반캡슐은 법규에서 규정하는 기술기준을 만족하도록 설계, 제작되었음이 입증되었다. All of sealing capsules to transport a special form radioactive material should be designed and fabricated in accordance with the design criteria prescribed in IAEA standards and domestic regulations. The objective of this study is to demonstrate the safety of a shipping capsule for 192Ir special form radioisotope which produceed in the HANARO. The safety tests were carried out for the impact, percussion, bending and heat test conditions. And leakage tests were carried out before and after the each test. Also, the safety analyses were performed using computer codes in order to verify the test results. The capsule showed slight scratches and deformation, and maintained its structural and thermal integrities in all tests without any severe damage or melting. It also met the allowable limits of leakage rate after earth test. Therefore, it has been verified that the capsule was designed and fabricated to meet all requirements for the special form.

열원을 가지고 있는 수직 평판 휜판으로부터의 복합자연대류열전달

金京勳,李珍錫 金烏工科大學校 1990 論文集 Vol.11 No.-

The problem of natural convection from a vertical heat-generating fin has been solved by coupling the equation of thermal diffusion in the fin to the constitute equations of the ambient medium under laminer flow conditions. The analysis is accomplished by employing an integral method. The governing equations for the problem are solved by shooting method based on the Runge-Kutta-Fehiberg scheme at Pr=0.7 This study deals with two provlems, which are line heat source and cooling plate. For the one, the effects on the temperature profile, the heat transfer coefficient and the fin efficiency have been investigated by using the parameters: the position of heat source(C), fin parameter(M₁M₁) and the strength of the heat source(q). For the other, the effects on the temperature distribution, the maximum value of temperature and the heat transfer coefficient have been investigated by using the parameters: the ratio of cooling plate(G) and the cooling plate parameter(M₁M₁)

Double-stranded RNA Induces Inflammatory Gene Expression in Schwann Cells: Implication in the Wallerian Degeneration

Lee, Hyun-Kyoung,Park, Chan-Hee,Choi, Se-Young,Oh, Seog-Bae,Park, Kyung-Pyo,Kim, Joong-Soo,Lee, Sung-Joong The Korean Society of Pharmacology 2004 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.8 No.5

Schwann cells play an important role in peripheral nerve regeneration. Upon neuronal injury, activated Schwann cells clean up the myelin debris by phagocytosis, and promote neuronal survival and axon outgrowth by secreting various neurotrophic factors. However, it is unclear how the nerve injury induces Schwann cell activation. Recently, it was reported that certain cytoplasmic molecules, which are secreted by cells undergoing necrotic cell death, induce immune cell activation via the toll-like receptors (TLRs). This suggests that the TLRs expressed on Schwann cells may recognize nerve damage by binding to the endogenous ligands secreted by the damaged nerve, thereby inducing Schwann cell activation. Accordingly, this study was undertaken to examine the expression and the function of the TLRs on primary Schwann cells and iSC, a rat Schwann cell line. The transcripts of TLR2, 3, 4, and 9 were detected on the primary Schwann cells as well as on iSC. The stimulation of iSC with poly (I : C), a synthetic ligand for the TLR3, induced the expression of $TNF-{\alpha}$ and RANTES. In addition, poly (I : C) stimulation induced the iNOS expression and nitric oxide secretion in iSC. These results suggest that the TLRs may be involved in the inflammatory activation of Schwann cells, which is observed during Wallerian degeneration after a peripheral nerve injury.

Damaged Neuronal Cells Induce Inflammatory Gene Expression in Schwann Cells: Implication in the Wallerian Degeneration

Lee, Hyun-Kyoung,Choi, Se-Young,Oh, Seog-Bae,Park, Kyung-Pyo,Kim, Joong-Soo,Lee, Sung-Joong The Korean Academy of Oral Biology 2006 International Journal of Oral Biology Vol.31 No.3

Schwann cells play an important role in peripheral nerve regeneration. Upon nerve injury, Schwann cells are activated and produce various proinflammatory mediators including IL-6, LIF and MCP-1, which result in the recruitment of macrophages and phagocytosis of myelin debris. However, it is unclear how the nerve injury induces Schwann cell activation. Recently, it was reported that necrotic cells induce immune cell activation via toll-like receptors (TLRs). This suggests that the TLRs expressed on Schwann cells may recognize nerve damage by binding to the endogenous ligands secreted by the damaged nerve, thereby inducing Schwann cell activation. To explore the possibility, we stimulated iSC, a rat Schwann cell line, with damaged neuronal cell extracts (DNCE). The stimulation of iSC with DNCE induced the expression of various inflammatory mediators including IL-6, LIF, MCP-1 and iNOS. Studies on the signaling pathway indicate that $NF-{\kappa}B$, p38 and JNK activation are required for the DNCE-induced inflammatory gene expression. Furthermore, treatment of either anti-TLR3 neutralizing antibody or ribonuclease inhibited the DNCE-induced proinflammatory gene expression in iSC. In summary, these results suggest that damaged neuronal cells induce inflammatory Schwann cell activation via TLR3, which might be involved in the Wallerian degeneration after a peripheral nerve injury.

유방 관상피내암의 유방 보존술 후 방사선 치료의 성적과 예후 인자 분석

김경주(Kyoung Ju Kim),허승재(Seung Jae Huh),박원(Won Park),양정현(jeong Hyeon Yang),남석진(Seog Jin Nam),김정한(Jeong Han Kim),이성공(Sung Kong Lee),이지현(Jee Hyun Lee),강성수(Sung Soo Kim),이정은(Jeong Eun Lee),강민규(Min Kyu Kang 대한방사선종양학회 2004 Radiation Oncology Journal Vol.22 No.1

목적: 유방 관상피내암 환자들의 유방 보존술 및 방사선 치료 후 생존율과 국소 재발률, 재발 양상 및 국소 재발에 영향을 준 인자들을 분석하고, 적절한 치료법을 결정하고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 1995년 6월부터 2001년 12월까지 유방 관상피내암으로 유방 보존술 후 방사선 치료를 받았던 96명의 환자를 대상으로 후향적 분석을 시행하였다. 수술은 국소 절제 또는 광범위 절제가 시행되었고, 일부에서 액와림프절 곽청술이 시행되었다. 방사선 치료는 전 유방에서 50.4 Gy/ 28회를 조사하였고, 절단면에 종양이 있거나 절단면에서 종양이 가까웠을 경우 (≤2mm) 일부에서 종양이 있었던 부위에 10~14 Gy를 추가 조사하였다. 전체 환자의 중앙 추적 관찰기간은 43개월(12~102개월)이었다. 결과: 5년 국소 무병생존율 생존율은 각각 91%, 100%였다. 국소 재발은 6명(6.3%)에서 발생하였고, 이 중 침윤성 유방암으로 재발한 환자는 1명이었다. 수술에서 재발까지의 기간은 1명을 제외하고는 모두 2년 이상이었다. 주위림프절 재발이나 원격전이는 없었다. 재발한 환자 중 5명은 유방전절제술 후 무병생존 중이고, 1명은 구제 치료예정이다. 국소 재발에 영향을 준 인자들에 대해 문석했을 때 , 연령, 절단면 상태, comedo type, 핵분화도 모두 국소 재발에 영향을 주지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 수술 범위에 따라서도 국소 재발에 차이를 보이지 않았고(p=0.30), 절단면이 종양에서 가까웠던 경우 초기 종양 부위에 추가 조사도 국소 재발에 영향을 주지 않았다.(p=1.0) 결론: 유방 관상피내암의 치료로 유방 보존술 및 방사선 치료 시행 후 높은 국소 제어율과 생존율을 얻을 수 있었다. 종양이 절단면을 침범하지 않는 한 절단면과 종양과의 거리와 추가 방사선 조사는 국소 재발에 영향을 주지 않는 것으로 나타났으나 향후 더 많은 환자로 장기적인 추적관찰이 필요할 것으로 생각된다. Purpose: To evaluate the survival rate, local failure rate and patterns of failure, and analyze the prognostic factors affecting local relapse of ductal carcinoma in situ treated with breast conserving surgery and radiotherapy Materials and Methods: From June 1995 to December 2001, 96 patients with ductal arcinoma in situ treated with breast conserving surgery and radiotherapy were etrospectively analyzed. The operations were either local or wide excision in all patients, with an axillary lymph node dissection performed in some patients. Radiation dose to the whole breast was 50.4 Gy, over 5 weeks, with 1.8 Gy daily fractions, with additional doses (10 14 Gy) administered to the primary tumor bed in some patients with close ( 2 mm) or positive resection margin. The median follow-up period was 43 months (range 12 102 months). Results: The 5-year local relapse free survival and overall survival rates were 91 and 100% respectively. Local relapse occurred in 6 patients (6.3%). Of the 6 recurrences, one was invasive ductal cell carcinoma. With the exception of one, all patients recurred 2 years after surgery. There was no regional recurrence or distant metastasis. Five patients with local recurrence were salvaged with total mastectomy, and are alive with no evidence of disease. One patient with recurrent invasive ductal cell carcinoma will receive salvage treatment. On analysis of the prognostic factors affecting local relapse, none of the factors among the age, status of resection margin, comedo type and nuclear grade affected local relapse. Operation extent also did not affect local control (p=0.30). In the patients with close resection margin, boost irradiation to the primary tumor bed did not affect local control (p=1.0). Conclusions: The survival rate and local control of the patients with ductal carcinoma in situ treated with breast conserving surgery and radiotherapy were excellent. Close resection margin and boost irradiation to the primary tumor bed did not affect local relapse, but further follow-up with much more patients is needed.

The presence of monoglucosylated N196-glycan is important for the structural stability of storage protein, arylphorin.

Ryu, Kyoung-Seok,Lee, Jie-Oh,Kwon, Taek Hun,Choi, Han-Ho,Park, Hong-Seog,Hwang, Soo Kyung,Lee, Zee-Won,Lee, Kyung-Bok,Han, Young Hyun,Choi, Yun-Seok,Jeon, Young Ho,Cheong, Chaejoon,Kim, Soohyun Biochemical Society 2009 Biochemical journal Vol.421 No.1

<P>Although N-glycosylation has been known to increase the stability of glycoproteins, it is difficult to assess the structural importance of glycans in the stabilization of glycoproteins. APA (Antheraea pernyi arylphorin) is an insect hexamerin that has two N-glycosylations at Asn196 and Asn344 respectively. The glycosylation of Asn344 is critical for the folding process; however, glycosylation of Asn196 is not. Interestingly, the N196-glycan (glycosylation of Asn196) remains in an immature form (Glc1Man9GlcNAc2). The mutation of Asn196 to glutamine does not change the ecdysone-binding activity relative to that of the wild-type. In the present study, we determined the crystal structure of APA, and all sugar moieties of the N196-glycan were clearly observed in the electron-density map. Although the sugar moieties of the glycan generally have high structural flexibility, most sugar moieties of the N196-glycan were well organized in the deep cleft of the subunit interface and mediated many inter- and intrasubunit hydrogen bonds. Analytical ultracentrifugation and GdmCl (guanidinium chloride) unfolding experiments revealed that the presence of the N196-glycan was important for stabilizing the hexameric state and overall stability of APA respectively. Our results could provide a structural basis for studying not only other glycoproteins that carry an immature N-glycan, but also the structural role of N-glycans that are located in the deep cleft of a protein.</P>

酸性비 處理가 과꽃(Callistephus chinensis Nees)의 種子發芽와 生育에 미치는 影響

이재석(Lee Jae Seog),이영선(Lee Young Sun),최명자(Choi Myung Ja),이경희(Lee Kyoung Hee) 한국원예학회 1996 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.37 No.3

Effect of Ambroxol on Secretion, Production and Gene Expression of Mucin from Cultured Airway Epithelial Cells

( Jae Woo Lee ),( Hyun Jae Lee ),( Choong Jae Lee ),( Su Yel Lee ),( Byeong Kyou Jeon ),( Heung Seog Bae ),( Kyoung Rai Cho ) 한국응용약물학회 2011 Biomolecules & Therapeutics(구 응용약물학회지) Vol.19 No.1

In this study, we investigated whether ambroxol significantly affects secretion, production and gene expression of mucin from cultured airway epithelial cells. Confluent primary rat tracheal surface epithelial (RTSE) cells were pretreated with adenosine triphosphate (ATP) for 5 min and then treated for 30 min with ambroxol to assess the effect on mucin secretion using ELISA. Additionally, confluent NCI-H292 cells were pretreated with ambroxol for 30 min and then stimulated with EGF or PMA for 24 h. The MUC5AC mucin gene expression and mucin protein production were measured by RT-PCR and ELISA. The results were as follows: (1) ambroxol did not significantly affect ATP-induced mucin secretion from cultured RTSE cells; (2) ambroxol inhibited the production of MUC5AC mucin protein induced by EGF and PMA in NCI-H292 cells; (3) ambroxol also inhibited the expression of MUC5AC mucin gene induced by EGF and PMA in NCI-H292 cells. This result suggests that ambroxol can inhibit the production and gene expression of MUC5AC mucin, by directly acting on human airway epithelial cells.

난소임신 2례

이상문 ( Sang Moon Lee ),조재현 ( Jae Hyun Jo ),이인수 ( In Soo Lee ),이경원 ( Kyoung Won Lee ),박영찬 ( Yeoung Chan Park ),서군석 ( Kun Seog Seo ),이홍주 ( Hong Ju Lee ) 대한산부인과학회 1997 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.40 No.12

Primary ovarian pregnancy is a rare form of ectopic pregnancy. Ovarian pregnancy occun in the corpus luteum, and is usually accompanied with the rupture of the ovary and massivehemoperitoneum. We have experienced two cases of ovarian pregnancies, which are presented with a brief review of the literature.

안쪽 눈꼬리점을 기준으로 한 한국인 눈확위구멍과 눈확아래구멍의 형태계측학적 분석

이명화(Myoung-Hwa Lee),정구수(Goosoo Jeong),유선경(Sun-Kyoung Yu),이광용(Kwang-Young Lee),김석(Seog Kim),이동설(Dong-Seol Lee),김흥중(Heung-Joong Kim) 대한체질인류학회 2012 대한체질인류학회지 Vol.25 No.4

악안면영역에서 해부학적 구조물의 위치에 관한 지식은 국소마취와 내시경을 이용한 수술과정에서 신경손상을 피하기 위해 필수적이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 안쪽 눈꼬리점과 관련하여 눈확위구멍과 눈확아래구멍의 해부학적 위치를 계측하고 이들의 형태를 분석하고자 하였다. 해부학 교육용 시신 32구(64쪽; 평균 연령 64.1세)와 해부학 실습용 머리뼈 33개를 사용하였다. 눈확위구멍과 눈확아래구멍 주변의 연조직을 모두 제거한 후 디지털 캘리퍼를 사용하여 얼굴정중선으로부터 눈확위구멍, 안쪽 눈꼬리점, 눈확아래구멍까지의 거리를 각각 측정하였다. 이미지 분석 프로그램을 이용하여 디지털 카메라로 촬영한 사진 상에서 안쪽 눈꼬리점과 관련하여 눈확위구멍과 눈확아래구멍의 위치를 측정하였다. 각 머리뼈에서 눈확위구멍과 눈확아래구멍의 형태를 관찰하였으며 위턱 치아와 관련한 눈확아래구멍의 위치를 확인하였다. 모든 측정값은 SPSS 12.0프로그램을 이용하여 one-way ANOVA를 시행하였다. 얼굴정중선과 눈확위구멍, 안쪽 눈꼬리점, 눈확아래구멍 사이의 평균거리는 각각 24.13mm, 15.00mm, 29.11mm로 눈확아래구멍은 눈확위구멍과 안쪽 눈꼬리점보다 가쪽에 위치하고 있었다. 눈확위구멍은 안쪽 눈꼬리점에서 위쪽으로 18.99mm, 가쪽으로 9.05mm, 위가쪽으로 24.36˚ 지점에 위치하였다. 눈확아래구멍은 안쪽 눈꼬리점에서 아래쪽으로 26.69mm, 가쪽으로 13.53mm, 아래가쪽으로 26.59˚ 지점에 위치하였다. 눈확위구멍의 형태는 눈확위패임이 56.60%, 눈확위구멍이 43.40%로 패임이 더 많았다. 눈확아래구멍의 수직, 수평 직경은 각각 3.36mm, 3.45mm로 형태는 원형이 가장 많았으며, 눈확아래구멍은 대부분 위턱 둘째작은어금니 부위에 위치하고 있었다. 본 연구의 결과들은 국소마취, 얼굴성형수술, 그리고 이마와 준 주위의 외과적 시술 과정 시 눈확위구멍과 눈확아래구멍을 통과하는 신경혈관다발의 손상 방지를 위해 중요한 자료를 제공할 것이다. Knowledge of the location of the maxillo-facial foramina is essential for regional nerve blocks and endoscopic surgical procedures to avoid nerve injury passing through these foramina. The purposes of this study were to determine the locations of the supraorbital foramen (SOF) and the infraorbital foramen (IOF) related to medial canthus (MC), and to analyze the morphology of these foramina. Thirty-two embalmed cadavers (64 sides, mean age: 64.1 years) and 33 dry skulls (66 sides) were used. The distances from the SOF, IOF, and MC to facial midline were directly measured on the cadavers using digital Vernier caliper. The vertical and horizontal distances of the SOF and IOF relative to the medial canthus were indirectly measured on the digital photographs using image analyzer software. The vertical and horizontal diameters of the IOF, and its location in relation to maxillary tooth were evaluated on the dry skull. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA with declaration of significant difference when P<0.05. The mean distances of SOF, MC, and IOF to the facial midline were 24.13mm, 15.00mm, and 29.11mm, respectively. The SOF was located 18.99mm superior and 9.05mm lateral to the medial canthus. The distance between the medial canthus and the SOF was 22.67mm, and the vertical angle(Angle 1) between these structures was 24.36˚ superolaterally. The IOF was located 26.69mm inferior and 13.53mm lateral to the medial canthus. The distance between the medial canthus and IOF was 30.82mm and the vertical angle(Angle 2) between these structures was 26.59˚ inferlaterally. In the this study, spraorbital notch(SON) was found more frequently than the SOF. The mean vertical and horizontal diameters of IOF were 3.36mm, 3.45mm, respectively. IOF was most commonly found in the same vertical plane with the second upper premolar. In conclusion, these results are important for performing local anesthetic, facial plastic surgery, and other invasive procedures in the forehead and periorbital region to prevent injury of neurovascular bundles passing through these foramina.