Characterization of the centromere and peri‐centromere retrotransposons in <i>Brassica rapa</i> and their distribution in related <i>Brassica</i> species

Lim, Ki‐,Byung,Yang, Tae‐,Jin,Hwang, Yoon‐,Jung,Kim, Jung Sun,Park, Jee‐,Young,Kwon, Soo‐,Jin,Kim, JinA,Choi, Beom‐,Soon,Lim, Myung‐,Ho,Jin, Mina,Kim, Ho Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2007 The Plant journal Vol.49 No.2

<P><B>Summary</B></P><P>We report the identification and characterization of the major repeats in the centromeric and peri‐centromeric heterochromatin of <I>Brassica rapa.</I> The analysis involved the characterization of 88 629 bacterial artificial chromosomes (BAC) end sequences and the complete sequences of two BAC clones. We identified centromere‐specific retrotransposons of <I>Brassica</I> (CRB) and various peri‐centromere‐specific retrotransposons (PCRBr). Three copies of the CRB were identified in one BAC clone as nested insertions within a tandem array of 24 copies of a 176 bp centromeric repeat, CentBr. A complex mosaic structure consisting of nine PCRBr elements and large blocks of 238 bp degenerate tandem repeats (TR238) were found in or near a derivative of 5S–25S rDNA sequences. The chromosomal positions of selected repeats were determined using <I>in situ</I> hybridization. These revealed that CRB is a major component of all centromeres in three diploid <I>Brassica</I> species and their allotetraploid relatives. However, CentBr was not detected in the most distantly related of the diploid species analyzed, <I>B. nigra</I>. PCRBr and TR238 were found to be major components in the peri‐centromeric heterochromatin blocks of four chromosomes of <I>B. rapa.</I> These repetitive elements were not identified in <I>B. oleracea</I> or <I>B. nigra</I>, indicating that they are A‐genome‐specific.</P>

Man the Unknown: Quest in Walden and "Song of Myself"

( Jina Lim ) 한국현대영어영문학회 2010 현대영어영문학 Vol.54 No.3

The individual, enthroned to the center of the universe by the romantic movement in Europe and America, provided the basic literary theme to the transcendentalism in the 19th century America. With calling for the visionary poet in the age of outward expansion, the theme of the divinity and the inner light of man, Man the Unknown permeated most literary works in those days. Although Thoreau and Whitman were different by temperament, their lives were a pilgrimage on quest of Man the Unknown, thus making the unknown and uncultivated divine self known to everyone. Thoreau was very private in pursuing the spiritual awakening toward self. He chose to put himself in solitude and willingly let himself go through self-discipline and self-culture. Whitman was rather public. With compassion for humanity, his method was expansion and absorption, expanding his self and embracing all to his large self. Thus Whitman appeared to be an urban, social, Quaker version of Thoreau. Despite their differences, both pursued the matter of soul and divine self of man through their lives and works, so Walden and "Song of Myself" became the psalms of the evolution not only of Thoreau`s and Whitman`s self, but of everyone`s self. (KAIST)

Probiotics and Inhibition of Clostridium difficile Toxin

Jina Lim,Kwang-Hyun Kim,Sejong Oh 한국유산균·프로바이오틱스학회 2016 Current Topic in Lactic Acid Bacteria and Probioti Vol.4 No.1

The definitions of international authorized probiotics are live microorganisms that, when administered in adequate amounts, confer a health benefit on the host. The scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of bowel disease among the functions of probiotics has only recently been established. Probiotics, which are actively studied, are lactic acid bacteria, especially Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium species. The C. difficile toxin is controlled by quorum sensing, which causes intestinal disease and other gastrointestinal disorders, leading to antibiotic-associated diarrhea. The use of probiotics for prevention and treatment has been discussed in this review.

A Biblical Legacy in Walt Whitman's “Song of Myself” : A Sacred New Text of the American Myth

( Jina Lim ) 현대영미어문학회 2015 현대영미어문학회 추계학술대회 발표논문집 Vol.2015 No.-

Christ as a Poet-Prophet in “Song of Myself”

임진아 ( Jina Lim ) 대한영어영문학회 2011 영어영문학연구 Vol.37 No.4

Northrop Frye points out that the content of the Bible describes the procession of revelation, which set up an imaginative framework for the western literature. Walt Whitman, whose poetic concerns are his audience’s spiritual health, longs to become a biblical prophet to American people, and he finds his inspiration for the poet-prophet in Christ, Messiah in the Bible. Whitman’s founding poem, “Song of Myself” is the result of his yearning to express the Christlike poet-prophet in the form of a myth or symbol. He accomplishes this by first identifying Walt Whitman, nineteenth-century American, with everyone, and then relating his development in such a way as to identify him with Christ, proclaiming the individual as his own Messiah. Therefore, “Song of Myself” should be read as one of the great inspired prophetic works in which Whitman himself serves as a holy testament identified with Christ. (KAIST)

「안녕!」, `미래가 현재가 될 때까지`: 텍스트가 된 시인 휫먼

임진아 ( Lim Jina ) 한국현대영어영문학회 2017 현대영어영문학 Vol.61 No.2

This research is to examine how Whitman`s view of religion has been fulfilled in his poem, “So long!” Since first published in the third edition of 1860 Leaves of Grass. “So long!” was an official farewell poem of Whitman. From the Roman times on, the tradition of writers saying good-bye(l`envoy) to their books has meant sending the books away from them, farewell given toward the inhuman books. Whitman`s “so long” contains the meanings of “till we meet again” and implies the expectation of reunion. Whitman has a belief in immortality and his religious vision is more real than conceptual, believing the absolute reality beyond the visible world. In “So long!,” when saying good-bye to readers, Whitman the poet becomes Whitman the text itself, and his farewell is not the end or completion. It is the promise of meeting again as an immortal text. Therefore, Whitman`s “So long!” is a farewell until future becomes present, and by Whitman the man becoming Whitman the text, his religious vision on immorality and his religious insight have been realized in the poem. (Chungnam National University)

다제내성 Acinetobacter baumannii 의 항생제 내성 유전자분석

임진아 ( Jina Lim ),이규상 ( Gyusang Lee ),최연임 ( Yeonim Choi ),김종배 ( Jongbae Kim ) 대한임상검사과학회 2016 대한임상검사과학회지(KJCLS) Vol.48 No.3

Acinetobacter baumannii는 병원환경에 광범위하게 분포하고 있으며, 원내감염의 중요한 원인균으로 병원에서 집단감염 일으키고, 중증의 기저질환을 가진 환자에게 감염되면 감염환자의 사망률이 다른 환자에 비해 월등히 높은 것으로 알려져 있다. 본 연구는 충청남도 천안시에 소재한 대학병원 두 곳의 진단검사의학과에 의뢰된 가검물에서 분리한 다제 내성 A. baumannii 85주의 항생제내성률과 내성유전자 양상에 대해 조사하였다. Carbapenemase와 Class B .-lactamase의 생성균주를 선별하기 위하여 modifiedHodge test (MHT)와 IMP-EDTA double-disk synergy test를 실시하였다. 항생제 내성을 유발하는 carbapenemases, 16S rRNAmethylases, aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes (AMEs)을 확인하기 위하여 PCR을 시행 하였으며, A. baumannii가 분리된 두대학병원간 분리균주의 유전학적인 근연도를 확인하기 위해 REP-PCR을 시행하였다. 실험결과 3균주를 제외한 82균주(96.5%)에서 bla_OXA-23-like과 bla_OXA-51-like이 검출되었다. bla_OXA-23-like유전자가 검출된 균주에서는 bla_OXA-23-like 유전자 상부에 ISAba1유전자가 확인되어 carbapenemase에 대한 내성을 유도하는 것으로 확인 되었다. Aminoglycoside에 대한 내성을 유발하는 16SrRNA methylase 유전자인 armA는 A병원에서 분리한 38균주 중34균주(89.5%)에서, B병원에서 분리한 47균주 중 40균주(85.1%)에서 확인되었고, aminoglycoside modifying emzyme 유전자는 A병원 유래 38 균주 중 33 균주(70.2%)에서, B병원 유래 47균주 중44 균주(93.6%)에서 aac(3)-IIa/ant(2 ````)-Ia/aac(6 ``)-Ib가 확인됨에 따라 천안지역에서 분리되는 대부분의 다제 내성 A. baumannii균주는 acethyltransferase와 adenyltransferase를 동시에 발현하는 것을 알 수 있었다. 본 실험 결과는 충청남도 천안시에서 분리된 MDR A. baumannii를 대상으로 한 보고서로서, 항생제 내성유형과 내성 유전자의 분포를 확인하여 MDR A. baumannii 균주에의한 감염증의 치료 지침과 내성세균 확산 방지를 위해 필요한 기초 자료로 활용할 수 있을 것으로 생각된다. Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii) is prevalent in hospital environments and is an important opportunistic pathogen of nosocomial infection. It is known that this pathogen cause herd infection in hospitals, and the mortality rate is remarkably higher for patients infected with this pathogen and already have other underlying diseases. Herein, we investigated the antibiotic resistance rate and the type of resistance genes in 85 isolates of multi-drug resistant A. baumannii from the samples commissioned to laboratory medicine in two university hospitals.in hospital A and hospital B.located in Cheonan and Chungcheong provinces, respectively, in Korea. As a result, bla_OXA-23-like-like and bla_OXA-51-like-like were detected in 82 stains (96.5%). These 82 strains of bla_OXA-23-like producing A. baumannii were confirmed with the ISAba1 gene found at the top of the bla_OXA-23-like genes by PCR, inducing the resistance against carbapenemase. The armA, AME gene that induces the resistance against aminoglycoside was detected in 34 strains out of 38 strains from Hospital A (89.5%), and in 40 strains out of 47 strains from Hospital B (85.1%), while AMEs were found in 33 strains out of 38 strains from Hospital A (70.2%) and in 44 strains out of 47 strains in Hospital B (93.6%). Therefore, it was found that most multi-drug resistant A. baumannii from the Cheonan area expressed both acethyltransferase and adenyltransferase. This study investigated the multi-drug resistant A. baumannii isolated from Cheonan and Chungcheong provinces in Korea, and it is thought that the results of the study can be utilized as the basic information to cure multi-drug resistant A. baumannii infections and to prevent the spread of drug resistance.

월트 휘트먼의 「나 자신의 노래」 속의 성서의 유산: 미국신화의 새로운 신성한 텍스트

임진아 ( Jina Lim ) 한국현대영어영문학회 2015 현대영어영문학 Vol.59 No.4

This research will attempt to find a biblical legacy in Walt Whitman`s “Song of Myself” and demonstrate that he had a poetic vision of his writings being used as the new sacred text of American myth. The American myth was based on the Puritan heritage and the Bible had become an essential part of the American myth. With the vision of writing a new American Bible, Whitman fused into his poetry two great themes - the ongoing story of a country and a story of a complete man, Christ. Some biblical messages and functions are found in “Song of Myself”: from the Law, the Prophet, and the Wisdom Literature of the Old Testament and from the Gospel, the Letters, and the Revelation of the New Testament. Northrop Frye insists that the Bible is the story of “revelation.” With the vision of writing a New Sacred Text, Whitman himself became a new sacred text of a new American Bible by using Jesus as his poetic model, by being the light of revelation himself, as Christ became the new sacred text by the typological fulfillment of various Old Testament symbols. (KAIST)

영어 어중 폐쇄음의 선행 모음 길이 분석을 통한 영어 재음절화 연구

임진아(Lim, Jina),오미라(Oh, Mira) 미래영어영문학회 2021 영어영문학 Vol.26 No.1

This study argues that resyllabification in English only takes place when the vowel preceding the intervocalic consonant is a stressed lax vowel by conducting a production experiment with 6 English native speakers. The experiment analyzed duration of the vowels before voiced and voiceless stops in English. The data consisted of monosyllabic and bisyllabic nonce words in English. The results revealed that the vowels were longer before voiced stops than before voiceless stops in monosyllabic words(CVC). As for bisyllabic words(CVCVC), however, the lax vowels [ɑ] and [ɪ] were significantly longer before voiced consonants only when they got stressed. In contrast, the diphthong [ɑɪ] and the tense vowel [i] were not longer before voiced consonants regardless of their stresshood. These results suggest that resyllabification in CVCVC occurs only when the first syllable contains a stressed lax vowel in English. These results will be discussed in light of the syllable structure in English against a superheavy syllable.

루버핀관 열교환기의 서리 특성 및 전열 성능 예측

임진아(Jina Lim),박원걸(Wonkeol Park),조금남(Keumnam Cho) 대한설비공학회 2015 대한설비공학회 학술발표대회논문집 Vol.2015 No.6