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Advances in vitiligo research and therapeutic suggestions
신정현 ( Jeonghyun Shin ) 대한피부과학회 2016 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.68 No.2
Vitiligo is a relatively common skin disease, and is an acquired pigmentary disorder characterized by areas of depigmented skin resulting from loss of epidermal melanocytes. The prevalence of this disease varies from 0.2% to 1% in various global populations without sex predilection. Despite recent studies that have contributed new knowledge about the disease, understanding its pathogenesis remains a major challenge. Although several hypotheses have been proposed, an autoimmune response against melanocytes remains the leading candidate. Accordingly, evidences of genetic defects in immune regulation and melanocytes components are increasingly reported. And oxidative stress as the primary intracellular signal for melanocyte degeneration may be the initial event that leads to the activation of the anti-melanocyte immune responses in patients with genetic predisposition to autoimmunity. Recent advances in the understanding of the pathogenesis of vitiligo suggest new therapeutic options such as Janus kinase inhibitors, activated low-dose cytokines-based therapy, miRNA inhibitor, etc. in the near future.
( Seon Bok Lee ),( Hye Won Hwang ),( Ji Hye Heo ),( Hee Seong Yoon ),( Yun-kyoung Cho ),( Eunkyung Chung ),( Myung-shin Jeon ),( Si Hyub Lee ),( Hyun-tae Shin ),( Ji Won Byun ),( Jeonghyun Shin ),( Su 대한피부과학회 2020 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.72 No.1
Background: Atopic dermatitis(AD) is a chronic and relapsing inflammatory skin disease that is treated with immunosuppressants. However, long-term use of immunosuppressants may cause toxicity and severe side effects. Objectives: This study aimed to confirm the long-term efficacy and safety of clonal mesenchymal stem cell therapy in adult patients with moderate to severe AD that was refractory to conventional treatments. Methods: A single-center, open-labeled investigator-initiated clinical trial for the therapeutic use of allogeneic bone marrow-derived clonal MSCs in five adults with moderate to severe AD was conducted intravenously. Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI), Severity Scoring for AD and Investigator Global Assessment scale were used to evaluate the effectiveness of the therapy. Results: The clinical response assessment values such as EASI improved significantly at 16 weeks, and 80% (4/5) of the patients achieved EASI-50 after one or two treatment cycles. Patients were observed for long-term efficacy and safety for an average of 38 weeks and showed no serious side effects. Among the cytokines tested, CCL-17, IL-13 and IL-22 significantly decreased at the endpoint of the five participants, two patients who maintained good clinical response over 84 weeks showed increased IL-17 cytokine levels in the blood. Conclusion: This study suggests that clonal mesenchymal stem cell therapy could be safe and effective treatment option for chronic refractory AD.
Shin, Gunchul,Gomez, Adrian M.,Al-Hasani, Ream,Jeong, Yu Ra,Kim, Jeonghyun,Xie, Zhaoqian,Banks, Anthony,Lee, Seung Min,Han, Sang Youn,Yoo, Chul Jong,Lee, Jong-Lam,Lee, Seung Hee,Kurniawan, Jonas,Tureb Elsevier 2017 Neuron Vol.93 No.3
<P><B>Summary</B></P> <P>In vivo optogenetics provides unique, powerful capabilities in the dissection of neural circuits implicated in neuropsychiatric disorders. Conventional hardware for such studies, however, physically tethers the experimental animal to an external light source, limiting the range of possible experiments. Emerging wireless options offer important capabilities that avoid some of these limitations, but the current size, bulk, weight, and wireless area of coverage is often disadvantageous. Here, we present a simple but powerful setup based on wireless, near-field power transfer and miniaturized, thin, flexible optoelectronic implants, for complete optical control in a variety of behavioral paradigms. The devices combine subdermal magnetic coil antennas connected to microscale, injectable light-emitting diodes (LEDs), with the ability to operate at wavelengths ranging from UV to blue, green-yellow, and red. An external loop antenna allows robust, straightforward application in a multitude of behavioral apparatuses. The result is a readily mass-producible, user-friendly technology with broad potential for optogenetics applications.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Subdermal, wireless optogenetic platform for untethered neuronal control </LI> <LI> Thin, flexible devices for discrete spatio-temporal targeting of neural circuits </LI> <LI> Low-cost, reliable NFC technology adaptable to most common behavioral contexts </LI> <LI> NFC devices can be tailored for use with different wavelength opsins in vivo </LI> </UL> </P>
Shin, Soon Shik,Park, Dongmin,Lee, Hee Young,Hong, Yeonhee,Choi, Jeonghyun,Oh, Jaeho,Lee, Hyunghee,Lee, Hye Rim,Kim, Mi Ryeo,Shen, Zhi Bin,Cui, Hong Hua,Yoon, Michung Informa Healthcare 2012 Pharmaceutical biology Vol.50 No.4
<P><I>Context</I>: Since AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation in skeletal muscle of obese rodents stimulates fatty acid oxidation, it is reasonable to hypothesize that pharmacological activation of AMPK might be of therapeutic benefit in obesity.</P><P><I>Objective</I>: To investigate the effects of the traditional Korean anti-obesity drug GGEx18, a mixture of three herbs, <I>Laminaria japonica</I> Aresch (Laminariaceae), <I>Rheum palmatum</I> L. (Polygonaceae), and <I>Ephedra sinica</I> Stapf (Ephedraceae), on obesity and the involvement of AMPK in this process.</P><P><I>Materials and methods</I>: After high fat diet-induced obese mice were treated with GGEx18, we studied the effects of GGEx18 on body weight, fat mass, skeletal muscle lipid accumulation, and the expressions of AMPK, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor &aacgr;郭 (PPARα), and PPARα target genes. The effects of GGEx18 and/or the AMPK inhibitor compound C on lipid accumulation and expression of the above genes were measured in C2C12 skeletal muscle cells.</P><P><I>Results:</I> Administration of GGEx18 to obese mice for 9 weeks significantly (<I>p</I> < 0.05) decreased body and adipose tissue weights compared with obese control mice (<I>p</I> < 0.05). Lipid accumulation in skeletal muscle was inhibited by GGEx18. GGEx18 significantly (<I>p</I> < 0.05) increased skeletal muscle mRNA levels of AMPKα1 and AMPKα2 as well as PPARα and its target genes. Consistent with the <I>in vivo</I> data, GGEx18 inhibited lipid accumulation, and similar activation of genes was observed in GGEx18-treated C2C12 cells. However, compound C inhibited these effects in C2C12 cells.</P><P><I>Discussion and conclusion:</I> These results suggest that GGEx18 improves obesity through skeletal muscle AMPK and AMPK-stimulated expression of PPARα and its target enzymes for fatty acid oxidation.</P>
고강도 내진 철근을 사용한 철근콘크리트 보의 전단거동에 대한 실험적 연구
신동익 ( Shin Dong Ik ),무하마드하룬 ( Muhammad Haroon ),문정현 ( Moon Jeonghyun ),김나영 ( Kim Na Yeong ),강유민 ( Kang You Min ),이정윤 ( Lee Jung-yoon ) 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 2019 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.23 No.2
최근 지진의 발생 빈도가 잦아지면서 고강도 내진 철근에 대한 관심이 급증하였다. 그러나 현재 콘크리트구조 학회기준(2017)에서는 철근콘크리트 부재의 전단철근의 항복강도를 500MPa로 제한하고 있다. 이 논문에서는 이러한 설계기준항복강도 제한을 확장하기 위해 고강도 내진 철근을 사용한 철근콘크리트 보의 실험을 수행하였다. 실험에는 항복강도가 400MPa, 500MPa, 700MPa인 전단철근이 사용되었으며 전단철근의 배근간격을 변수로 하여 철근비에 따른 철근콘크리트 보의 전단거동을 비교하였다. 실험결과 철근량과 철근의 항복강도가 증가할수록 전단강도비가 감소하는 경향이 나타났다.