A. 高校 科學 (生物·地球科學) 및 數學科 探究學習의 評價模型 定立과 評價紙 開發

李相協,權炳奎,林在圭,孫文求,吳岱燮,楊洪準,梁承榮,姜用熙,林成圭,金正遠,金吉民,兪正在 경북대학교 과학교육연구소 1982 科學敎育硏究誌 Vol.6 No.-

Currently the evaluation of high school science and mathematics learning has been too much knowledge-centered without concerning the inquiring ability or scientific attitude. This study, therefore, was made for the purpose of establishing of evaluation model for high school science (biology and earth science) and mathematics learning and its evaluation items. In this paper, the research was done about three fields, biology, earth science and mathematics. 1. For the biology, the evaluation methods of inquiry learning were studied with the foreign references, and proper evaluation items were suggested. 2. For the earth science, after analizing 5 kinds of earth science textbook of current using in high school, essential 19 items were selected. 5 of them were tested in test group and control group, then, the results were analized. 3. For the mathematice, the teaching elements of「Set」and「Flow chart」in mathematics (Ⅰ) were selected and structured. Detailed teaching objects were established and evaluation items were introduced.

제주산 보통온주의 저온저장

梁相互,高正殷,金聖學,高正三 濟州大學校 亞熱帶農業硏究所 1994 亞熱帶農業硏究 Vol.11 No.-

제주산 청도온주의 저온저장조건을 검토하였다. 저장기간 중 3월 하순까지는 과피수분, 가용성고형물, 총당, 비타민 C, 비중의 변화가 매우 적었으며, 부패율이 20%수준으로서 비교적 신선도를 유지한 상태에서 저장이 가능한 것으로 보였다, 그러나 그 이후에는 온도가 낮을수록 냉해증상이 심하게 일어나 부패과의 발생이 많아지면서 저장이 어려웠다. 또한, 중량감소, 경도의 저하, 산함량의 저하는 저장기간동안 계속하여 서서히 일어났다. 온주밀감의 경우 저온에서 장기간 저장이 어려움을 알 수 있어서 저장용 감귤의 특성을 고려하여 저장조건을 설정할 필요가 있었다. The conditions of cold stroage of Citrus aoshima unshiu produced in Cheju were investigated. The changes of peel moisture content, soluble solids, total sugar, vitamin C and density were slightly occured, and decay ratio was below 20% on keeping freshness relatively till late of March during cold storage. After that, decayed citrus fruits were increased from cold injury with lower temperature. The loss of fruit weight, decrease of fruit hardness, and decrease of acid content were occured gradually during cold stroage. Because of the difficulty of long term storage for Citrus unshiu, the conditions and periods of cold storage would be determined after considering the physicochemical properties of fruits every year.

일부 섬유호제 공장 근로자의 아크릴로니트릴에 대한 생물학적 모니터링에 관한 연구

양정선,변상훈,강성규,박인정 한국산업위생학회 2002 한국산업보건학회지 Vol.12 No.2

The purpose of this study was to investigate the level of acrylonitrile(AN) exposure in workplace air and body burden of AN as a form of hemoglobin adduct. The mean of AN concentration of 10 workplaces was 0.24ppm(GSD 4.80) which was under TLV(2ppm). But 7% of 140 measurements and 5 of 10 workplace was over TLV. The GM of hemoglobin adduct detected with cyanoethy-Ibaline(CE) in 110 biological monitoring was 1.51nmol/g globin(GSD 3.43). The correlation coefficient between AN concentration in the workplace air and the amount of hemoglobin adduct measured by CE concentration was 0.56. And the equation showed y= 2069.1 + 1861.2. If 2ppm of airborne AN TLV insert to that equation, the concentration of hemoglobin adduct detected with cyanoethlvaline is 6.0nmol/g globin and this value means biological indices(BELs) of ACGIH. 8% of workers showed over 6.00nmol/g globin. For most of workers were exposed to AN intermittently according to their special assignment of that day, ambient monitoring for a day could not effectively represent their body burden. And it was very good compensation for ambient monitoring to evaluate each worker's cumulative exposure by biological monitoring of hemoglobin adduct detected with cyanoethylbaline.

8년간(1992~1999) 산업안전보건연구원에 의뢰된 직업병 심의 사례 분석

강성규,김규상,김양호,최정근,안연순,진영우,최병순,양정선,김은아,채창호,최용휴,김대성,박정선,정호근 대한산업의학회 2000 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.12 No.2

Objectives : Pneumoconisis and noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) have been reported as main occupational diseases by the Special Health Examination. The Industrial Accident Compensation Insurance has reported various work-related diseases, however, these two diseases occupied almost a half of compensated cases. Therefore, it was not well known about the status of occupational diseases other than pneumoconiosis, NIHL, and cardio-cerebrovascular accident (CVA). This study was conducted to analyze claimed cases as an occupational disease, that was requested to the Korea Industrial Safety and Health Agency (KOSHA). Methods : The local office of the Korea Labor Welfare Corporation (KLWC) has asked the KOSHA for confirmation of claimed cases as an occupational disease. We analyzed 379 cases requested from KLWC, the Ministry of Labor, employers, unions and occupational health agencies from 1992 to 1999. Results : Male was 80.7 % of the requested cases. Their mean age was 42 years old and 75.5 % of them were more than 35 years old. The requested cases were increased rapidly from 25 cases in 1992 to 108 cases in 1999 and the accept rate was 50.7 %. The majority of requested cases were respiratory diseases(22.4%), cancers(18.5%), Neuropsychiatric problems(14.5%), and musculoskeletal problems(13.5%). The accept rate was high in reproductive, respiratory, musculoskeletal and digestive disorders and low in neuropsychiatric, renal and otologic problems and occupational cancers. 73.6% of them were caused by chemical agents, especially 28.5 % were by organic solvents. 67% of them were clinically confirmed at university hospitals. A half of the cases were from KyongIn area, even the request came from the whole country. Conclusions : A claim was common in workers whose age was over 35 years old and exposure history was over 10 years. The respiratory diseases and neuropsychiatric disorders were still main problems in occupational health and occupational cancers was increasing even though its accept rate was not high yet.

5년간 특수건강진단기관 분석정도관리 결과 분석

강성규,양정선,이미영,박인정,정호근 大韓産業醫學會 2000 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.12 No.1

목 적 : 1980년대 후반부터 산업보건에서 혈중 및 요중 중금속농도 분석의 정확성 문제가 크게 부각되었다. 같은 시료를 가지고 분석기관마다 보이는 커다란 오차로 인해 직업병 진단 결과에 대한 신뢰성을 크게 감소시켰다. 이에, 노동부에서는 1992년부터 특수건강진단 기관에 대한 생체시료 분석정도관리 프로그램을 시작하였다. 본 연구는 1995년부터 시작된 생체시료 분석정도관리 5년간의 결과를 보고하고, 현재 생물학적모니터링으로 사용되는 항목과 빈도를 조사하고 이 항목의 정도관리 참여율을 비교하여 산업보건 관계 연구나 직업병 관리에 참고할 수 있도록 하기 위해 실시하였다. 방 법 : 생체시료 분석정도관리는 무기와 유기분석분야로 나누어 일년에 전후반기 2회 실시하고 있으며, 지정항목과 자율항목으로 구분하고 있다. 지정항목인 혈중 납과 요중 마뇨산은 분야별로 한 번에 3개 농도수준을 주어 2개 이상이 기준값의 ±15%내외의 범위에 들면 적합한 것으로 판정하고 있으며, 자율항목은 2개의 시료를 주어 2개 모두 기준실험실 평균값의 ±3SD 내외의 범위에 들면 적합한 것으로 판정하고 있다. 결 과 : 지정항목인 혈중 납과 요중 마뇨산 분석은 평균 적합률이 각각 89%, 90% 이었고, 대학기관, 비영리법인, 종합병원, 사업장 자체기관별로 차이는 없었으나 신규 기판의 적합률 70% 수준으로 상대적으로 낮았다. 자율항목의 적합률은 평균 50% 수준이었고, 저농도보다는 고농도의 적합률이 떨어졌다. 국내에서 가장 많이 분석되고 있는 항목은 요중 마뇨산과 혈중 납이었고, 혈중 및 요중 망간도 많이 분석되고 있었다. 요중 삼염화물, 페놀, 만델산, 카드윰, 메칠마뇨산, 크롬 등도 많이 분석되고 있는 항목이었다. 혈중 망간, 요중 수은, 요중 NMF는 정도관리에서 적합판정을 받은 기관의 숫자보다 실제 분석을 하고 있는 기관의 숫자가 많았다. 결 론 : 지난 5년간의 생체시료 분석정도관리 결과 우리나라 분석실험실의 분석능력은 향상되고 있으나, 자율항목에 대한 분석능력은 아직 미흡한 것으로 나타났다. 그리고, 아직 일부 일부 항목에 대해서는 외부 정도관리 없이 분석되고 있는 경우도 있었다. Objective : The accuracy of analytical results of blood and urine heavy metals came out to the main issue on occupational health from late eighties. The discrepancy of the results for same samples from different laboratories made the diagnosis for occupational diseases be unreliable. Therefore, a quality control program for analysis of samples taken from workplace had been introduced in Korea since 1992. This study aims to show the quality control program for analysis of blood and urine samples and its proficient rates from 1992 to 1999 and to know how they have been being used in occupational health. Methods The quality control program runs twice a year with mandatory items of blood lead and urine hippuric acid and voluntary items of blood cadmium and manganese and urine mandellic acid and methyl hippuric acid. Participant laboratories are receiving three levels for each items and two out of three samples have to be qualified for being a profi-cient laboratory for the item. The acceptable range of blood lead and urine hippuric acid is ± 15% and that of the others is within 3 SD (standard deviation) from the reference values. Results : The proficient rates of blood lead and urine hippuric acid was 89%, 90%, repectively, however those of the other voluntary items have been from 51% to 62%. The proficient rates of urine mercury and urine N-methylformamide (NMF), which are introduced since 1999, were very poor. Urine hippuric acid and blood lead were analyzed frequently for the purpose of biological monitoring conducting by special health examination organizations. Urine and blood manganese and urine metabolites of trichloroethylene, urine phenol, methylhippuric acid and cadmium were followed. Conclusions : In conclusion, the quality control program for biological monitoring has dramatically improve the ability of analysing blood and urine samples and eventually con-tributes to diagnose occupational diseases and to prevent occupational poisoning. However, some biological monitoring data, such as urine manganese, mercury and NMF, have been still reported from laboratories that were not accepted as a proficient laboratory.

신경회로망을 이용한 호 접수제어기

허정석,양성룡 울산대학교 1993 공학연구논문집 Vol.24 No.1

B-ISDN의 전송 및 교환 기법으로 정착되고 있는 ATM망의 폭주제어를 위하여, 신경회로망을 이용한 호 접수 제어기를 설계한다. 신경회로망을 이용한 호 접수제어는 가입자가 선언한 트래픽 기술인자의 불확실성에 대한 정보를 제어기가 가지고 있기 때문에, 실제 트래픽이 호 설정요구시 협약된 트래픽의 특성과 다소 상이하더라도 견고성(Robustness) 있는 트래픽 제어를 할 수 있는 장점을 가지고 있다. 본 연구에서는 신경회로망 제어기를 보다 효율적으로 학습시킬 수 있도록 두가지 학습 패턴 테이블(호 연결 요청 수락 패턴 테이블과 호 연결 요청 거절 패턴 테이블)을 이용하는 학습 알고리즘을 제안한다. 또한 모의 실험을 통하여, 제안한 신경회로망 호 접수 제어기의 성능을 분석한다. This paper describes a call admission controller by neural network to control the traffic in ATM network for service quality. Because the information of the traffic descriptor declared by users has a characteristic of uncertainty, the design and implementation of efficient controller in the network is very difficult task. The proposed ATM call admission controller by neural network is adaptive and easy to implement. We use two learning table for efficient learning of back-propagation neural network in controller. The performance of the proposed call admission controller is evaluated by simulation, and the results are compared with those of the other control technique.

우리나라 카드뮴 폭로 근로자들의 혈중, 요중 카드뮴과 누적폭로 추정량에 따른 신장장해 평가

강성규,양정선,김기웅,장재연,정호근 大韓産業醫學會 1995 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.7 No.1

88 workers exposed to cadmium were examined at the 12 factories using or producing cadmium in order to know the present state of cadmium exposure and renal dysfunction in 1992. Cadmium in blood and in urine were measured and compared by the 3 exposure level of cadmium in air. Cadmium in blood of low, moderate and high exposure group were 2.5, 3.8 and 7.6 ㎍/L, respectively. Cadmium in urine were 1.8(1.3), 3.8(2.6) and 7.9 ㎍/L(6.1 ㎍/g creatinine), respectively. However, there was no relationship between urinary cadmium and β₂-microglobulin. Cumulative exposure estimate(CEE) was calculated by multiplying the mean ambient cadmium level of the factory and working duration. CEE has a high correlation with cadmium in blood and urine, but no relation to β₂-microglobulin. Because working durations were relatively shorter than European workers', the highest CEE was just 300 ㎍·year/m³, which was not enough to induce renal tubular dysfunction. This study, however, suggested the possibility that renal tubular dysfunction caused by cadmium could be happened in Korea in the near future.

Virtual FRF를 이용한 채터강성 해석에 관한 연구

김성운,정낙신,이강재,양민양 한국공작기계학회 2009 한국공작기계학회 춘계학술대회논문집 Vol.2009 No.-

The prediction of chatter stable region is a significant requirement for the manufacturing industry. Usually, the chatter stability lobes are obtained by measuring the frequency response function(FRF) of a machining center using impulse test or exciter test. However, these tests are not only spent much time, but also performed after machining center is manufactured. This paper presents virtual FRF using by F.E.M for the prediction of chatter stable region. The proposed method enables a designer to estimate the chatter resistance of machine tools at the early stage of design.

Pentaerythritol Tetrabenzenesulfonate 와 (1R, 2R)-Diaminocyclohexane을 이용한 광학활성 Polyamine 의 합성과 특성

金洋,金瑞香,鄭聖勳,李萬吉 고신대학교 자연과학연구소 1996 고신대학교 자연과학연구소 논문집 Vol.6 No.-

광학활성 polyamine을 합성하기 위하여 pentaerythritol[2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)propane -1, 3-diol]tetrabenzenesulfonate와(1R, 2R)-diaminocyclo hexan을 반응시켰다. 그리고 polyamine 생성물을 분리하기 위하여 코발트(Ⅲ)착물을 합성하고 Dowex 50W-X2 양이온 교환 수지를 이용하여 크로마토그래피를 행하였다. 코발트(Ⅲ)착물의 결정구조 해석에 의하여 3,3-Bis(2-aza- (1'R, 2'R)-2'-arninocyclohexyl)-heptahydro- (1"R, 2"R)-1,4-cyclohexanodi azepine (L¹)이 확인되었으며, 착물 내에서 고리 내의 질소원자는 배위되지 않고 양성자화 되어있으며, 초록색의 단핵분자인 trans- dichlorotetramine 착물, trans-[CoC1₂ (H2L1)]Cl₃·4.5H₂O이 결정되었다 Co(Ⅲ) 주위의 내부 배위권은 네자리의 선형 tetramine이 적도면을 점유하며, 두 개의 chloro 리간드가 꼭지점을 점유하는 대략적인 괄면체이다. Co-Cl 결합길이는 2.261(1)Å 및 2.249(2)Å 이다. 금속이온 주위의 결합각은 비교적 스트레인을 받지 않으며 모든 trans각도는 176˚ 보다 크다: 또한 Co-N 결합길이 1.941(4)∼1.986(4)Å는 일반적으로 스트레인 을 받지 않는 trans-(CoCl₂N₄)^(+) 종의 각과 비슷하다. 두 개의 5원 킬레이트고리의 배치는 gauche이며 절대배치는 λ 이다. 한 개의 6원 킬레이트 고리는 skew-boat 배치이다. 비대칭 2차 질소의 배치는 모두 S이다. In order to synthesise the optically-active polyamine, pentaerythritol [2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)propane-l,3-diol] tetrabenzenesulfonate and (1R, 2R)-diamino cyclohexane have been treated. And in order to separate the polyamine product, cobalt(Ⅲ) complex has been synthesised and chromatographied by Dowex 50W-X2 cation exchange resin. 3,3-Bis{2-aza- (1'R, 2'R)-2'-aminocyclohexyl}-heptahydro-(l"R, 2"R)-l,4-cyclohexanodiazepine(L¹ ) has been confirmed by crystal-structure determination on its cobalt(Ⅲ) complex, where the ring nitrogen atoms are uncoordinated and protonated, as a green, mononuclear trans- dichlorotertramine complex, trans-[CoCl₂(H₂L¹) ]Cl₃·4.5H₂O. The inner coordination spher around Co(Ⅲ) is approximately octahedral, with the tetradentate linear tetramine occupying the equatorial plane and two chloro ligands the apices. Co-Cl bond lengths are 2.26KDA and 2.249(2)Å. The angular environments about the metal relatively unstrained, all trans angles being greater than 176˚: the Co-N bond lengths, 1.941(4)-1.986(4) A, also are closely clustered around values typical of unstrained trans-[CoCl₂N₄]^(+) species. The conformation of two five-membered chelate rings are gauche, with absolute configuration A. The one six-membered chelate ring assume the skew-boat conformation. The configuration of the asymmetric secondary nitrogen atoms are both S.

二次 函數 Qc(χ) = χ²+ c의 混沌

한정훈,양승갑,조성훈 명지대학교 자연과학연구소 1995 자연과학논문집 Vol.12 No.-

본 논문의 목적은 이차함수 Qc(χ)=χ²+c 에 관한 주기점들의 주기적 성질을 연구하는데 있다.특히 c<-2일때 주기검의 형태를 연구하였고, 실제로 혼돈역학계를 설명하여 이차함수 Qc(χ)=χ²+c의 주기점들의 움직임이 혼돈역학계를 이루고 있음을 보였다. The purpose of this paper is to study of the periodic properties of the periodic points of the quadratic function Qc(χ)=χ²+c. In particular, we investigate the forms of the periodic points whenever c<-2.Actually, we describe the chaotic dynamical systems and show that the behavior of the periodic points of the quadratic function Qc(χ)=χ²+c(c<-2)is the chaotic dynamic systems.