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Sarcopenia affects conservative treatment of osteoporotic vertebral fracture
Hiroki Iida,Yoshihito Sakai,Tsuyoshi Watanabe,Hiroki Matsui,Marie Takemura,Yasumoto Matsui,Yasumoto Matsui,Tetsuro Hida,Kenyu Ito,Sadayuki Ito 대한골다공증학회 2018 Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia Vol.4 No.3
Objectives: Sarcopenia and osteoporosis affects activities of daily living and quality of elderly people. However, little is known about its impact on elderly locomotor diseases, such as osteoporotic vertebral fracture (OVF). There is no report investigating the influence of both sarcopenia and osteoporosis on outcomes of OVF. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical outcomes of OVF in elderly patients from sarcopenic perspectives. Methods: This prospective study was conducted with 396 patients, aged 65 years or more, hospitalized for the treatment of OVF (mean age, 81.9 ± 7.1 years; 111 males, 285 females). The primary outcome was the Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) score for lumbar disease (at first visit, hospital discharge, and 1 year after treatment) and Barthel index (at the same time and before hospitalization). The second outcome was living place after discharge. Susceptibility to sarcopenia and osteoporosis were evaluated and clinical results of conservative treatment were compared. Results: Sarcopenia significantly affected Barthel index at first visit and discharge. Sarcopenia patients had significantly higher rate for discharge to nursing home and living in nursing home after 1 year than patients without sarcopenia. Osteoporosis significantly affected the JOA score at the first visit and the Barthel index before hospitalization, at the first visit, discharge, and after 1 year. Osteoporosis did not affect the living place at discharge and after 1 year. Conclusions: Sarcopenia and osteoporosis affected outcomes of conservative treatment for OVF; moreover, sarcopenia affected the living place of OVF patients at discharge and after 1 year
The reptile associated ticks and Borrelia from imported reptiles
Ai Takano,Hiroki Kawabata,Haruo Watanabe,Tei-ichiro Shino,Koichi Goka,Yumi Une,Hiromi Fujita 한국응용곤충학회 2008 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2008 No.10
Borrelia, which is transmitted by arthropod, is known as an infectious agent to vertebrate, such as Lyme disease (LD) Borrelia and Relapsing fever (RF) Borrelia. LD Borrelia is only transmitted by hard-bodied ticks classified into the Ixodes ticks. In contrast, almost of RF Borrelia was transmitted by soft-bodied ticks, Argasid ticks. Thus so far, the co-evolution was thought to be established between Borrelia and tick. In this study, we found unknown borreliae from imported reptiles and its associated ticks (we preliminary named as ‘REP Borrelia’). Ticks were introduced into Japan with world-wide trading of reptiles. Ticks were classified into genus Amblyomma or Hyalomma. Out of 82 ticks, 76 were positive for PCR of tickmitochondrial gene for 16S rRNA, and we used these 76 ticks for our examination. From 57 ticks (75%), Borrelia turcica and unknown three Borrelia spp. were detected or isolated. In addition, we examined imported reptiles which were infested exotic ticks. A total of 15 reptiles including 5 of Testudo graeca, 1 of T. horsfieldii, 2 of Phelsuma dubia and 7 of Geochelone pardalis were used for isolation study of Borrelia. Borrelia was isolated from 11 reptiles (73.3%) as follows: T. graeca, T. horsfieldii, G. pardalis. It suggested that, these imported reptiles and exotic ticks were highly infected with Borrelia. Phylogenetic analysis based on the DNA sequences of Borrelia, it was indicated that REP Borrelia constituted a cluster which was independent from RF and LD Borrelia. Surprisingly, this REP Borrelia was expected that was transmitted by hard-bodied tick, although it was thought to be diverged from ancestor RF Borrelia. From quantitative analysis of divergence based on 16S rRNA gene, it was expected that REP and RF Borrelia were differentiated around 50 million years ago (MYA). On the other hand, the oldest soft-bodied tick fossil from New Jersey amber was indicated that soft-bodied tick was speciated since ~92 MYA. In fact, soft-bodied tick was already diverged into genus level when RF and REP Borrelia were diverged. This may suggest that the vector switching event was occurred in ancestor REP/RF Borrelia.
Development of CAD for Zone Dividing of Process Control Networks to Improve Cyber Security
Hiroki Moritani,Shuichi Yogo,Takahito Morita,Midori Kojima,Kento Watanabe,Jing Sun,Ichiro Koshijima,Yoshihiro Hashimoto 제어로봇시스템학회 2014 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2014 No.10
Recently, cyber security becomes a serious problem for not only OA (Office Automation) systems but also PA (Process Automation) and FA (Factory Automation) systems. Even the controllers, which are not connected to Internet directly, have been attacked with malwares, such as Stuxnet and Quantum. When control system fails, it may lead to serious accidents such as explosion or leakage of poisonous and deleterious substances. For process control, cyber-attack is one of the causes to threaten safety. The authors of this paper had proposed zone division of process control networks to ensure cyber security and safety. To apply the method, it is necessary to build CE (Cause Effect) matrices which express the qualitative information of the plant and controllers. It is very troublesome for large-scale plants. CAD (Computer Aided Design) tool for zone dividing is proposed in this paper. CE matrices are generated by using DAE (Differential and Algebraic Equation) registered in equipment modules of plant CAD such as ASPEN or Pro II. The candidates of zone division of process control networks, which can assure the safety against concealment and remote operation by cyber attackers, can be proposed.
Performance Assessment of a Vibration Control System with Thrust Control by varying Propeller pitch
Hiroki Uda,Junichi Sugimoto,Toru Watanabe 대한기계학회 2015 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.춘계 No.-
This paper deals with a vibration control system using propellers for crane load. Vibration suppression of crane load suspended by hoisting rope is an important issue to speed-up crane operation. In this study, a novel vibration control system using propeller thrust as control forces is presented. The pitch of the propeller can be varied so that the attack angle of the propeller blade possesses negative or positive. Changing the attack angle, the direction of thrust can be altered smoothly. Based on previous conceptual design, life-size experimental device was researched and developed. Its performance is investigated through control experiments.
Masafumi Watanabe,Kosuke Okuwaki,Jun Woo,Mitsuhiro Kida,Hiroshi Imaizumi,Tomohisa Iwai,Hiroshi Yamauchi,Toru Kaneko,Rikiya Hasegawa,Takahiro Kurosu,Naoki Minato,Hiroki Haradome,Wasaburo Koizumi 대한소화기내시경학회 2021 Clinical Endoscopy Vol.54 No.4
Background/Aims: Cholecystitis can occur after the placement of covered self-expandable metallic stents for distal malignant biliaryobstructions. We aimed to identify risk factors for cholecystitis following covered self-expandable metallic stent placement. Methods: We investigated risk factors related to cholecystitis following covered self-expandable metallic stent placement in 118patients with distal malignant biliary obstructions between January 1, 2015 and April 30, 2019. Endoscopic assessments and tumorinvasion to the arteries feeding the gallbladder were determined by a pancreaticobiliary endoscopist and a radiologist, respectively. Results: The median patient age was 72 years (men, 61.0%). The flow of the contrast agent into the gallbladder and tumorinvolvement in the orifice of the cystic duct were observed in 35 (29.7%) and 35 (29.7%) patients, respectively. During theobservation period (median, 179 days), cholecystitis occurred in 18 (15.3%) patients. Multivariate analysis revealed the flow ofthe contrast agent into the gallbladder (p=0.023) and tumor involvement in the orifice of the cystic duct (p=0.005) as significantindependent risk factors associated with cholecystitis. Conclusions: The flow of the contrast agent into the gallbladder and tumor involvement in the orifice of the cystic duct are potentialindependent risk factors for cholecystitis following the placement of covered self-expandable metallic stents. A follow-up prospectivestudy is warranted to validate their influence.
Yoshinori Sakurai,Hiroki Tanaka,Takushi Takata,Nozomi Fujimoto,Minoru Suzuki,Shinichiro Masunaga,Yuko Kinashi,Natsuko Kondo,Masaru Narabayashi,Yosuke Nakagawa,Tsubasa Watanabe,Koji Ono,Akira Maruhashi 한국물리학회 2015 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.67 No.1
At the Kyoto University Research Reactor Institute (KURRI), a clinical study of boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) using a neutron irradiation facility installed at the research nuclear reactor has been regularly performed since February 1990. As of November 2014, 510 clinical irradiations were carried out using the reactor-based system. The world’s first accelerator-based neutron irradiation system for BNCT clinical irradiation was completed at this institute in early 2009, and the clinical trial using this system was started in 2012. A shift of BCNT from special particle therapy to a general one is now in progress. To promote and support this shift, improvements to the irradiation system, as well as its preparation, and improvements in the physical engineering and the medical physics processes, such as dosimetry systems and quality assurance programs, must be considered. The recent advances in BNCT at KURRI are reported here with a focus on physical engineering and medical physics topics.
Nakamura, Akihiko,Watanabe, Hiroki,Ishida, Takuya,Uchihashi, Takayuki,Wada, Masahisa,Ando, Toshio,Igarashi, Kiyohiko,Samejima, Masahiro American Chemical Society 2014 JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY - Vol.136 No.12
<P>Analysis of heterogeneous catalysis at an interface is difficult because of the variety of reaction sites and the difficulty of observing the reaction. Enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose by cellulases is a typical heterogeneous reaction at a solid/liquid interface, and a key parameter of such reactions on polymeric substrates is the processivity, i.e., the number of catalytic cycles that can occur without detachment of the enzyme from the substrate. In this study, we evaluated the reactions of three closely related glycoside hydrolase family 7 cellobiohydrolases from filamentous fungi at the molecular level by means of high-speed atomic force microscopy to investigate the structure–function relationship of the cellobiohydrolases on crystalline cellulose. We found that high moving velocity of enzyme molecules on the surface is associated with a high dissociation rate constant from the substrate, which means weak interaction between enzyme and substrate. Moreover, higher values of processivity were associated with more loop regions covering the subsite cleft, which may imply higher binding affinity. Loop regions covering the subsites result in stronger interaction, which decreases the velocity but increases the processivity. These results indicate that there is a trade-off between processivity and hydrolytic velocity among processive cellulases.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/jacsat/2014/jacsat.2014.136.issue-12/ja4119994/production/images/medium/ja-2013-119994_0006.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/ja4119994'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>