http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
The reptile associated ticks and Borrelia from imported reptiles
Ai Takano,Hiroki Kawabata,Haruo Watanabe,Tei-ichiro Shino,Koichi Goka,Yumi Une,Hiromi Fujita 한국응용곤충학회 2008 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2008 No.10
Borrelia, which is transmitted by arthropod, is known as an infectious agent to vertebrate, such as Lyme disease (LD) Borrelia and Relapsing fever (RF) Borrelia. LD Borrelia is only transmitted by hard-bodied ticks classified into the Ixodes ticks. In contrast, almost of RF Borrelia was transmitted by soft-bodied ticks, Argasid ticks. Thus so far, the co-evolution was thought to be established between Borrelia and tick. In this study, we found unknown borreliae from imported reptiles and its associated ticks (we preliminary named as ‘REP Borrelia’). Ticks were introduced into Japan with world-wide trading of reptiles. Ticks were classified into genus Amblyomma or Hyalomma. Out of 82 ticks, 76 were positive for PCR of tickmitochondrial gene for 16S rRNA, and we used these 76 ticks for our examination. From 57 ticks (75%), Borrelia turcica and unknown three Borrelia spp. were detected or isolated. In addition, we examined imported reptiles which were infested exotic ticks. A total of 15 reptiles including 5 of Testudo graeca, 1 of T. horsfieldii, 2 of Phelsuma dubia and 7 of Geochelone pardalis were used for isolation study of Borrelia. Borrelia was isolated from 11 reptiles (73.3%) as follows: T. graeca, T. horsfieldii, G. pardalis. It suggested that, these imported reptiles and exotic ticks were highly infected with Borrelia. Phylogenetic analysis based on the DNA sequences of Borrelia, it was indicated that REP Borrelia constituted a cluster which was independent from RF and LD Borrelia. Surprisingly, this REP Borrelia was expected that was transmitted by hard-bodied tick, although it was thought to be diverged from ancestor RF Borrelia. From quantitative analysis of divergence based on 16S rRNA gene, it was expected that REP and RF Borrelia were differentiated around 50 million years ago (MYA). On the other hand, the oldest soft-bodied tick fossil from New Jersey amber was indicated that soft-bodied tick was speciated since ~92 MYA. In fact, soft-bodied tick was already diverged into genus level when RF and REP Borrelia were diverged. This may suggest that the vector switching event was occurred in ancestor REP/RF Borrelia.
Three-Dimensional Analysis of the Ideal Entry Point for Sacral Alar Iliac Screws
Watanabe Noriyuki,Takigawa Tomoyuki,Uotani Koji,Oda Yoshiaki,Misawa Haruo,Tanaka Masato,Ozaki Toshifumi 대한척추외과학회 2022 Asian Spine Journal Vol.16 No.6
Study Design: This is a virtual three-dimensional (3D) imaging study examining computed tomography (CT) data to investigate instrumentation placement.Purpose: In this study, we aim to clarify the ideal entry point and trajectory of the sacral alar iliac (SAI) screw in relationship to the dorsal foramen at S1 and the respective nerve root.Overview of Literature: To the best of our knowledge, there is yet no detailed 3D imaging study on the ideal entry point of the SAI screw. Despite the evidence suggesting that the dorsal foramen at S1 is a landmark on the sacrum, the S1 nerve root disruption is a general concern during the insertion of SAI screws. No other study has been published examining the nerve root location at the S1and SAI screw insertions.Methods: Preoperative CT data from 26 patients pertaining to adult spinal deformities were investigated in this study. We applied a 3D image processing method for a detailed investigation. Virtual cylinders were used to mimic SAI screws. These were placed to penetrate the sacral iliac joint without violating the other cortex. We then assessed the trajectory of the longest SAI screw and the ideal entry point of SAI using a color mapping method on the surface of the sacrum. We measured the location of the nerve root at S1 in relation to the foramen at S1 and the sacral surface.Results: As per the results of our color mapping, it was determined that areas that received high scores are located medially and caudally to the dorsal foramen of S1. The mean angle between a horizontal line and a line connecting the medial edge of the foramen and nerve root at S1 was 93.5°. The mean distances from the dorsal medial edge of the foramen and sacral surface to S1 nerve root were 21.8 mm and 13.9 mm, respectively.Conclusions: The ideal entry point of the SAI screw is located medially and caudally to the S1 dorsal foramen based on 3D digital mapping. It is also shown that this entry point spares the S1 nerve root from possible iatrogenic injuries.
Hiroshi Kawada,Masayuki Kanematsu,Satoshi Goshima,Hiroshi Kondo,Haruo Watanabe,Yoshifumi Noda,Yukichi Tanahashi,Nobuyuki Kawai,Hiroaki Hoshi 대한영상의학회 2015 Korean Journal of Radiology Vol.16 No.2
To evaluate the multiphase contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance (MR) imaging features of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG)-induced granulomatous prostatitis (GP). Magnetic resonance images obtained from five patients with histopathologically proven BCGinduced GP were retrospectively analyzed for tumor location, size, signal intensity on T2-weighted images (T2WI) and diffusion-weighted images (DWI), apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) value, and appearance on gadolinium-enhanced multiphase images. MR imaging findings were compared with histopathological findings. Bacillus Calmette-Guérin-induced GP (size range, 9–40 mm; mean, 21.2 mm) were identified in the peripheral zone in all patients. The T2WI showed lower signal intensity compared with the normal peripheral zone. The DWIs demonstrated high signal intensity and low ADC values (range, 0.44–0.68 x 10-3 mm2/sec; mean, 0.56 x 10-3 mm2/sec), which corresponded to GP. Gadolinium-enhanced multiphase MR imaging performed in five patients showed early and prolonged ring enhancement in all cases of GP. Granulomatous tissues with central caseation necrosis were identified histologically, which corresponded to ring enhancement and a central low intensity area on gadolinium-enhanced MR imaging. The findings on T2WI, DWI, and gadolinium-enhanced images became gradually obscured with time. Bacillus Calmette-Guérin-induced GP demonstrates early and prolonged ring enhancement on gadoliniumenhanced MR imaging which might be a key finding to differentiate it from prostate cancer.
Masayuki Kanematsu,Hiroshi Kondo,Satoshi Goshima,Yusuke Tsuge,Haruo Watanabe,Noriyuki Moriyama 대한영상의학회 2012 Korean Journal of Radiology Vol.13 No.1
Pulmonary arteriovenous malformations (PAVMs) are often treated by pushable fibered or non-fibered microcoils, using an anchor or scaffold technique or with an Amplatzer plug through a guiding sheath. When performing percutaneous transcatheter microcoil embolization, there is a risk of coil migration, particularly with high-flow type PAVMs. The authors report on a unique treatment in a patient with a giant high-flow PAVM whose nidus had a maximum diameter of 6 cm. A detachable coil, not detached from a delivery wire (an anchored detachable coil), was first placed in the feeding artery under flow control by balloon occlusion, and then multiple microcoils were packed proximally to the anchored detachable coil. After confirming the stability of the microcoils during a gradual deflation of the balloon, we finally released the first detachable coil. The nidus was reduced in size to 15 mm at one year postoperatively.
Oe Shin,Yamato Yu,Hasegawa Tomohiko,Yoshida Go,Kobayashi Sho,Yasuda Tatsuya,Banno Tomohiro,Arima Hideyuki,Mihara Yuki,Ushirozako Hiroki,Yamada Tomohiro,Ide Koichiro,Watanabe Yuh,Haruo Niwa,Matsuyama Y 대한척추외과학회 2020 Asian Spine Journal Vol.14 No.3
Study Design: Retrospective cohort study.Purpose: This study aimed to investigate how participation in sporting activity affects patient-reported outcome (PRO), including Neck Disability Index (NDI), in males and females.Overview of Literature: Previously, our study reported that factors with a negative influence on the NDI in females were a lack of sporting activities. However, it was still unclear why it affected poor scores of NDI.Methods: The subjects were 473 volunteers. They were divided into two groups (activity and non-activity) according to participation or non-participation in sporting activities using a self-filled questionnaire. The evaluation items were height, weight, grip strength, bone density, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) score, standing radiographic parameters, PRO (evaluated by EuroQol-5 dimension [EQ-5D], Oswestry Disability Index [ODI]), and NDI.Results: There were 101 males in the non-activity group and 69 in the activity group and 178 females in the non-activity group and 125 in the activity group. For the males, the evaluation items with significant influence were cervical lordosis (non-activity group:activity group, 17°:22°) and T1 slope minus cervical lordosis (10°:6°, <i>p</i> <0.05). For the females, the evaluation items with significant influence were sagittal vertical axis (28:14 mm), HADS (10.4:8.4), EQ-5D (0.79:0.86), ODI (17:12), and NDI (12:9, <i>p</i> <0.01). HADS and PRO in the females were significantly correlated with the EQ-5D (−0.40), ODI (0.43), and NDI (0.55).Conclusions: Males who participated in sporting activities had better cervical spine alignment but no effect on PRO. Females with sporting activities had better spinal global alignment and less mental stress. It is suggested that sporting activity in females might be associated with PRO because HADS highly correlates with PRO.