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- 저자 : ( E. M. Gordon ) (검색결과 9 건)
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Lee, Jae Ah,Shin, Min Kyoon,Kim, Shi Hyeong,Kim, Seon Jeong,Spinks, Geoffrey M.,Wallace, Gordon G.,Ovalle-Robles, Raquel,Lima, Má,rcio D.,Kozlov, Mikhail E.,Baughman, Ray H. American Chemical Society 2012 ACS NANO Vol.6 No.1
<P>We report mechanically robust, electrically conductive, free-standing, and transparent hybrid nanomembranes made of densified carbon nanotube sheets that were coated with poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) using vapor phase polymerization and their performance as supercapacitors. The hybrid nanomembranes with thickness of ∼66 nm and low areal density of ∼15 μg/cm<SUP>2</SUP>exhibited high mechanical strength and modulus of 135 MPa and 12.6 GPa, respectively. They also had remarkable shape recovery ability in liquid and at the liquid/air interface unlike previous carbon nanotube sheets. The hybrid nanomembrane attached on a current collector had volumetric capacitance of ∼40 F/cm<SUP>3</SUP> at 100 V s<SUP>–1</SUP> (∼40 and ∼80 times larger than that of onion-like carbon measured at 100 V s<SUP>–1</SUP> and activated carbon measured at 20 V s<SUP>–1</SUP>, respectively), and it showed rectangular shapes of cyclic voltammograms up to ∼5 V s<SUP>–1</SUP>. High mechanical strength and flexibility of the hybrid nanomembrane enabled twisting it into microsupercapacitor yarns with diameters of ∼30 μm. The yarn supercapacitor showed stable cycling performance without a metal current collector, and its capacitance decrease was only ∼6% after 5000 cycles. Volumetric energy and power density of the hybrid nanomembrane was ∼70 mWh cm<SUP>–3</SUP> and ∼7910 W cm<SUP>–3</SUP>, and the yarn possessed the energy and power density of ∼47 mWh cm<SUP>–3</SUP> and ∼538 W cm<SUP>–3</SUP>.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/ancac3/2012/ancac3.2012.6.issue-1/nn203640a/production/images/medium/nn-2011-03640a_0005.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/nn203640a'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>
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Ball, M.E.E.,Magowan, E.,McCracken, K.J.,Beattie, V.E.,Bradford, R.,Gordon, F.J.,Robinson, M.J.,Smyth, S.,Henry, W. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2013 Animal Bioscience Vol.26 No.4
Two trials were conducted to investigate the effect of decreasing the crude protein (CP) content of diets for finishing pigs containing two levels of available lysine on nutrient digestibility, nitrogen (N) balance and production performance. Ten finishing diets containing five levels of CP (on average 144, 155, 168, 182 and 193 g/kg fresh basis) and two levels of available lysine (6.9 and 8.2 g/kg fresh basis) were formulated. The diets were offered to pigs on a performance trial (n = 800 Large White (LW)${\times}$Landrace (LR) pigs) from 10 wk of age until finish at 21 wks+5 d of age. Average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were calculated. In addition, a digestibility/N balance trial was conducted using pigs (n = 80 $LW{\times}LR$) housed in metabolism crates. Digestibility of dry matter (DM), CP, oil, fibre and energy was determined. N balance values were determined through analysis of N content of urine and faeces ('as determined'). N balance values were also calculated using ADG values and assuming that 16% of growth is protein deposition ("as calculated"). Pig performance was poor between 10 and 13 wk of age which indicated that the dietary treatments were nutritionally inadequate for pigs less than 40 kg. There was a significant (p<0.01) quadratic effect of increasing CP level on feed intake, ADG and FCR from 10 to 13 wk which indicated that the lower CP levels did not supply adequate levels of essential or non-essential amino acids. There was no effect of increasing available lysine level throughout the early period, which in conjunction with the response in older pigs, suggested that both 8.2 and 6.9 g/kg available lysine were insufficient to drive optimum growth. There was a positive response (p<0.05) to increasing available lysine level from 13 wk to finish which indicated that 6.9 g/kg available lysine was not adequate for finishing pigs. Energy digestibility decreased with decreasing CP level of diets containing 6.9 g/kg available lysine which may be attributed to the higher fibre content of the lower CP diets. Nitrogen excretion (g/d) was lowered when dietary CP was reduced regardless of whether the values were determined through balance or calculated using ADG. Calculated N excretion decreased linearly (p<0.001) and quadratically (p<0.001) with decreasing dietary CP content. When the N balance figures calculated in this study were compared with those quoted in the Northern Ireland and English Nitrates Directive Action Programmes, N excretion was less per pig (wean to finish) offered a 169 g/kg CP, 8.2 g/kg available lysine diet (2.39 kg vs 3.41 kg (Northern Ireland) and 2.93 kg (England)).
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Urowitz, M. B.,Gladman, D.,Ibañ,ez, D.,Fortin, P.,Sanchez-Guerrero, J.,Bae, S.,Clarke, A.,Bernatsky, S.,Gordon, C.,Hanly, J.,Wallace, D.,Isenberg, D.,Ginzler, E.,Merrill, J.,Alarcó,n, G. S Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 2008 Vol.59 No.2
<B>Objective</B><P>To examine the accumulation of risk factors over 3 years in a multicenter, international inception cohort of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).</P><B>Methods</B><P>The Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics registry for atherosclerosis comprises 27 centers from 11 countries. An inception cohort of 935 patients with SLE was assembled, according to a standardized protocol, from 2000 to 2006 to study risk factors for atherosclerosis. Both classic and other coronary artery disease (CAD) risk factors were collected at entry and through 3 years of followup. Therapy was documented over the 3 years. The Framingham 10-year risk factor profile was calculated for each patient at year 1 and year 3.</P><B>Results</B><P>A total of 278 patients from the inception cohort were followed for 3 years and constituted the population for this study. At enrollment a substantial number of patients already demonstrated several risk factors for CAD, both classic and other. All risk factors increased from enrollment over the 3 years of followup. Treatment of hypertension and hypercholesterolemia also increased over 3 years, but less so for hypercholesterolemia. The Framingham 10-year CAD risk profile was higher in men than in women both at entry and at 3 years, and remained unchanged over the 3 years. Corticosteroid use increased only slightly over 3 years, but use of antimalarials and immunosuppressive agents increased to a greater extent.</P><B>Conclusion</B><P>Patients with SLE should be monitored for CAD risk factors from the time of diagnosis and appropriate treatment should be instituted early.</P>
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( Jp Bronowicki ),( M Davis ),( S Flamm ),( S Gordon ),( E Lawitz ),( E Yoshida ),( J Galati ),( V Luketic ),( J Mccone ),( Jacobson ),( P Marcellin ),( A Muir ),( F Poordad ),( Ld Pedicone ),( W Deng 대한간학회 2012 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2012 No.1
Background: Patients in the PR control arms of BOC Phase 2/3 studies who did not achieve SVR could enroll in PROVIDE and receive BOC+PR. This interim analysis examines the preliminary efficacy and safety of BOC+PR in patients who failed prior treatment with PR. Methods: BOC (800 mg TID with food) was given with P 1.5 mcg/kg/week and weight-based R (600-1400 mg/day) BID for up to 44 weeks. If >2 weeks had elapsed since end of treatment in the previous study, PR was given for 4 weeks before adding BOC. Protocol specified analyses include patients who received at least one dose of BOC. Denominators for on-treatment response include patients who reached the specific time point or discontinued. The denominators for SVR include all patients who reached end of follow-up, discontinued, or were treatment failures. Results: Characteristics of 168 enrolled patients were: 67% male, 84% Caucasian, mean age 52 years, mean BMI 27.9 kg/m2, 77% high viral load (>800,000 IU/mL; mean log10 6.26); 10% cirrhotic; 61% subtype 1a. Table shows the proportion of BOC treated patients with undetectable HCV RNA at tested time points. SVR was achieved in 40% of prior null responders (<2 log10 decline in HCV RNA at TW12 in prior study) and 68% of prior partial responders/relapsers; 78% (38/49) of prior null responders and 24% (26/107) of prior partial responders/ relapsers had <1 log10 decline in HCV RNA after the PR lead in. Overall SVR was 47% in patients with <1 log10 decline with lower SVR rates in prior null responders (36%) vs. prior partial responders/relapsers (65%). 68% of patients with >1 log decline achieved SVR (55% prior null responders; 70% prior partial responders/relapsers). Seven percent of patients discontinued due to AEs, while 48% experienced anemia, 34% dysgeusia and 22% neutropenia. Conclusions: BOC+PR achieved high SVR rates regardless of prior response to PR. The degree of interferon responsiveness after PR lead in correlates with prior response and can help predict SVR for prior null responders. The safety profile is comparable to that previously reported for BOC+PR.
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( Jp Bronowicki ),( M Davis ),( S Flamm ),( S Gordon ),( E Lawitz ),( E Yoshida ),( J Galati ),( V Luketic ),( J Mccone ),( I Jacobson ),( P Marcellin ),( A Muir1 ),( F Poordad ),( Ld Pedicone ),( W D 대한간학회 2012 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2012 No.-
Background: Patients in the PR control arms of BOC Phase 2/3 studies who did not achieve SVR could enroll in PROVIDE and receive BOC+PR. This interim analysis examines the preliminary efficacy and safety of BOC+PR in patients who failed prior treatment with PR. Methods: BOC (800 mg TID with food) was given with P 1.5 mcg/kg/week and weight-based R (600-1400 mg/day) BID for up to 44 weeks. If >2 weeks had elapsed since end of treatment in the previous study, PR was given for 4 weeks before adding BOC. Protocol specified analyses include patients who received at least one dose of BOC. Denominators for on-treatment response include patients who reached the specific time point or discontinued. The denominators for SVR include all patients who reached end of follow-up, discontinued, or were treatment failures. Results: Characteristics of 168 enrolled patients were: 67% male, 84% Caucasian, mean age 52 years, mean BMI 27.9 kg/m2, 77% high viral load (>800,000 IU/mL; mean log10 6.26); 10% cirrhotic; 61% subtype 1a. Table shows the proportion of BOC treated patients with undetectable HCV RNA at tested time points. SVR was achieved in 40% of prior null responders (<2 log10 decline in HCV RNA at TW12 in prior study) and 68% of prior partial responders/relapsers; 78% (38/49) of prior null responders and 24% (26/107) of prior partial responders/ relapsers had <1 log10 decline in HCV RNA after the PR lead in. Overall SVR was 47% in patients with <1 log10 decline with lower SVR rates in prior null responders (36%) vs. prior partial responders/relapsers (65%). 68% of patients with >1 log decline achieved SVR (55% prior null responders; 70% prior partial responders/relapsers). Seven percent of patients discontinued due to AEs, while 48% experienced anemia, 34% dysgeusia and 22% neutropenia. Conclusions: BOC+PR achieved high SVR rates regardless of prior response to PR. The degree of interferon responsiveness after PR lead in correlates with prior response and can help predict SVR for prior null responders. The safety profile is comparable to that previously reported for BOC+PR.
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Reish, Matthew E.,Huff, Gregory S.,Lee, Wonho,Uddin, Mohammad Afsar,Barker, Alex J.,Gallaher, Joseph K.,Hodgkiss, Justin M.,Woo, Han Young,Gordon, Keith C. American Chemical Society 2015 Chemistry of materials Vol.27 No.8
<P>The electronic properties of the donor–acceptor (DA) polymer poly{5,6-bis(octyloxy)-4-(thiophen-2-yl)benzo[<I>c</I>]-1,2,5-thiadiazole} (PTBT) have been investigated using spectroscopic and computational techniques. Electronic absorption and emission spectra reveal the presence of an ordered and a disordered phase in solution. Franck–Condon modeling of the ordered phase yields Huang–Rhys factors of 0.55 (20 °C) and 0.51 (−180 °C), indicating little structural distortion between ground and excited state. DFT calculations with resonance Raman spectroscopy are consistent with a lowest energy excited state that is electronically delocalized and has little charge-transfer character, unexpected for a copolymer with a low bandgap (∼1.8 eV). Transient absorption spectroscopy of PTBT:fullerene blends reveals near-unity internal charge-transfer yields in both ordered and disordered film morphologies. In the disordered blend, charge transfer is complete within the laser pulse (100 fs), whereas the ordered blend also features a slower phase due to exciton diffusion in the phase separated morphology. In the ordered blend, the spectra and dynamics of charge transfer reveal that excitons and charges promptly occupy delocalized states on extended polymer chains. The pervasive use of donor–acceptor structures in polymer devices makes understanding the interplay of morphology and electronic structure of these polymers essential and here a spectroscopic and computational investigation gives an extensive picture of the electronic properties and their effect on charge dynamics in a DA polymer.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/cmatex/2015/cmatex.2015.27.issue-8/cm504655f/production/images/medium/cm-2014-04655f_0009.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/cm504655f'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>
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Hanly, J. G.,Urowitz, M. B.,Siannis, F.,Farewell, V.,Gordon, C.,Bae, S. C.,Isenberg, D.,Dooley, M. A.,Clarke, A.,Bernatsky, S.,Gladman, D.,Fortin, P. R.,Manzi, S.,Steinsson, K.,Bruce, I. N.,Ginzler, E Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 2008 Vol.58 No.3
<B>Objective</B><P>To examine, in an inception cohort of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients, the association between neuropsychiatric (NP) events and anti–ribosomal P (anti-P), antiphospholipid (lupus anticoagulant [LAC], anticardiolipin), anti–β2-glycoprotein I, and anti–NR2 glutamate receptor antibodies.</P><B>Methods</B><P>NP events were identified using the American College of Rheumatology case definitions and clustered into central/peripheral and diffuse/focal events. Attribution of NP events to SLE was determined using decision rules of differing stringency. Autoantibodies were measured without knowledge of NP events or their attribution.</P><B>Results</B><P>Four hundred twelve patients were studied (87.4% female; mean ± SD age 34.9 ± 13.5 years, mean ± SD disease duration 5.0 ± 4.2 months). There were 214 NP events in 133 patients (32.3%). The proportion of NP events attributed to SLE varied from 15% to 36%. There was no association between autoantibodies and NP events overall. However, the frequency of anti-P antibodies in patients with central NP events attributed to SLE was 4 of 20 (20%), versus 3 of 107 (2.8%) in patients with other NP events and 24 of 279 (8.6%) in those with no NP events (P = 0.04). Among patients with diffuse NP events, 3 of 11 had anti-P antibodies (27%), compared with 4 of 111 patients with other NP events (3.6%) and 24 of 279 of those with no NP events (8.6%) (P = 0.02). Specific clinical–serologic associations were found between anti-P and psychosis attributed to SLE (P = 0.02) and between LAC and cerebrovascular disease attributed to SLE (P = 0.038). There was no significant association between other autoantibodies and NP events.</P><B>Conclusion</B><P>Clinically distinct NP events attributed to SLE and occurring around the time of diagnosis were found to be associated with anti-P antibodies and LAC. This suggests that there are different autoimmune pathogenetic mechanisms, although low sensitivity limits the clinical application of testing for these antibodies.</P>
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