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Single-cell capacitance analysis of NIH/3T3 cells using an impedance biosensor
Kang Dahyun,Kim Yeeun,Lee Gayoung,Choi Jisoo,Yang Jeongmok,Jang Moongyu 한국물리학회 2023 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.83 No.11
Biosensors have emerged as promising tools for the analysis of single-cell growth. This study focuses on the fabrication of an impedance biosensor to monitor the growth of NIH/3T3 cells by measuring changes in their capacitance over time. The results showed an increase in capacitance corresponding to the growth of the cells. However, it was observed that the capacitance behaved diferently in the early (0–2.33 h) and late (2.33–48 h) stages of cell growth. In the early stage, the cells in the medium were still in a sinking state, whereas in the late stage, most of the cells were in contact with the sensor surface, undergoing growth and division. As a result, the late-stage capacitance was higher than the early stage capacitance. The average capacitance values of a single cell were recorded at diferent frequencies and showed the same phenomenon at all frequencies.
Nam, Dahyun,Cho, Soyeon,Sim, Jun-Hyoung,Yang, Kee-Jeong,Son, Dae-Ho,Kim, Dae-Hwan,Kang, Jin-Kyu,Kwon, Min-Su,Jeon, Chan-Wook,Cheong, Hyeonsik Elsevier 2016 Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells Vol.149 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>We found a clear correlation between the solar conversion efficiency and the distribution of the ZnS secondary phase in Cu<SUB>2</SUB>ZnSnS<SUB>4</SUB> (CZTS) solar cells. Five CZTS solar cells were prepared by the two-step process in which sputtered precursor multilayers were sulfurized at different temperatures. In higher efficiency solar cells, the ZnS secondary phase was found to accumulate near the interface between CZTS and MoS<SUB>2</SUB> formed on top of the Mo layer. It was also found that a solar cell with a higher efficiency showed weaker ZnS Raman signal in the MoS<SUB>2</SUB> layer. The highest conversion efficiency of 7.5% was obtained from a solar cell prepared at a sulfurization temperature of 570°C, in which no ZnS was detected in the MoS<SUB>2</SUB> layer. We suggest that in order to obtain a high efficiency CZTS solar cell, it is critical to find a condition that keeps ZnS from the MoS<SUB>2</SUB> layer.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> ZnS in the MoS<SUB>2</SUB> layer of Cu<SUB>2</SUB>ZnSnS<SUB>4</SUB> solar cells reduces the efficiency. </LI> <LI> In a high efficiency cell, no ZnS was detected in the MoS<SUB>2</SUB> layer. </LI> <LI> ZnS tends to accumulate in the CZTS layer near the CZTS/MoS<SUB>2</SUB> interface. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>