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Factivity Alternation of the Verb ‘Know’ in Korean, Turkish and Hungarian
Chungmin Lee,Daeho Chung 현대문법학회 2018 현대문법연구 Vol.100 No.-
Chungmin Lee and Daeho Chung. 2018. Factivity Alternation of the Verb ‘Know’ in Korean, Turkish and Hungarian. Studies in Modern Grammar 100, 1-40. The cognitive attitude verb KNOW in most languages typically selects for a factive complement (Kiparsky and Kiparsky 1970). It is noted in the literature (Lee 1978, 1999; Kiefer 1978, Őzyildiz 2017, a.o.), however, that KNOW in some languages may take various forms of complements and that factivity varies depending on the complement types. An obvious generalization made is that nominalized complements tend to convey a factive reading, while non-nominal ones tend not to (Kastner 2015). This work makes it clear that for a clause selected by KNOW to have a factive reading, it not only bears a nominal feature but also carries a structural case. This paper additionally points out the following three issues and discusses their theoretical implications as to the syntax and semantics of attitudinal predicate constructions: (i)Cognitive attitude verbs may simultaneously take a nominalized clause and a predicational clause; (ii) The non-factive KNOW in the three languages commonly displays neg-raising and naturally anti-rogativity, siding with doxastic (belief) verbs; (iii) Lexically negated forms of these verbs select only for a nominalized (factive) clause.
JungSun Lee,JunSoo Kwon,Daeho Kim,SungWan Kim,JaeJin Kim,JongHoon Kim,HeeJung Nam,Seunghyong Ryu,IlHo Park,SukKyoon An,HongSeok Oh,Seunghee Won,Kanguk Lee,KyuYoung Lee,SeungHwan Lee,YuSang Lee,JungSeo 대한신경정신의학회 2017 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.14 No.1
Objective-We designed a nationwide study with limited exclusion criteria to investigate the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in Korea and its relationship with antipsychotic medications. Methods-This multicenter, cross-sectional, and observational study included patients diagnosed with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder. Sixteen hospitals enrolled 845 patients aged 18 to 65 years prescribed any antipsychotic medication between August 2011 and August 2013. MetS was diagnosed using the criteria of the modified Adult Treatment Panel III of the National Cholesterol Education Program with the Korean abdominal obesity definition (waist circumference ≥85 cm in women, ≥90 cm in men). Results-The prevalence of MetS in all patients was 36.5% and was significantly higher in men than women (men, 40.8%; women, 32.2%) and was significantly correlated with age [odds ratio (OR) 1.02] and duration of illness (OR 1.03). The prevalence of MetS across antipsychotic drugs in the major monotherapy group was as follows: 18.8% for quetiapine, 22.0% for aripiprazole, 33.3% for both amisulpride and paliperidone, 34.0% for olanzapine, 35% for risperidone, 39.4% for haloperidol, and 44.7% for clozapine. Conclusion-The prevalence of MetS is very high in patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder. Screening and monitoring of MetS is also strongly recommended.
LEE, BYUNG CHEOL;KIM, MYUN SOO;CHO, DAEHO;CHOI, SANG HO;KIM, TAE SUNG Sookmyung Women's University Research Institute of 2011 여성과 건강 Vol.6 No.2
In a previous study, we reported that a gene muta¬tion of repeat in toxin E (RtxE), a transporter of cytotoxic factors, resulted in a significant impairment of epithelial cell cytotoxicity in Vibrio vulnificus, and that the expression of the rtxE gene was induced by the exposure to the host cells. In this study, we evaluated and compared the effects of co¬culture supernatants from V. vulnificus-infectcd INT-407 cells and either the V. vulnificus wild-type or rtxE mutant on the production of interleukin (IL)-8, a pro-inflammatory cyto¬kine, as well as its underlying mechanisms in human intestinal epithelial cells. INT-407 cells were co-cultured with the wild-type V. vulnificus or the rtxE mutant strain to obtain the conditioned supernatants. IL-8 production and nuclear factor (NF)-_(k)B activation from the INT-407 cells treated with each supernatant, were investigated. The co-culture supernatants from the rtxE mutant V. vulnificus-infected INT-407 cells significantly induced lower levels of IL-8 production and promoter activation, NF-_(k)B DNA binding activity, and NF-_(k)B minimal promoter activation in human intestinal epithelial cells, than those from the wild-type V. vulnificus-'infecicd INT-407 cells. Importantly, the reduced IL-8 production and NF-_(k)B activity of the V. vulnificus rtxE mutant, were restored by co-culture supernatants from the rtxE-complemented V. vulnificus. On the whole, these results show that the rtxE gene of V. vulnificus performs a critical role in the secretion of factors from bacteria and host cells, which are involved in IL-8 production via the NF-_(k)B activation pathway in host cells.
Fubini instantons in Dilatonic Einstein–Gauss–Bonnet theory of gravitation
Lee, Wonwoo,Lee, Bum-Hoon,Ro, Daeho North-Holland Pub. Co 2016 Physics letters. Section B Vol.762 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>In this paper, we investigate various types of Fubini instantons in the Dilatonic Einstein–Gauss–Bonnet theory of gravitation which describes the decay of the vacuum state at a hilltop potential through tunneling without barrier. It is shown that the vacuum states are modified by the non-minimally coupled higher-curvature term. Accordingly, we present the new solutions which describe the tunneling from new vacuum states in anti-de Sitter and de Sitter backgrounds. The decay probabilities of the vacuum states are also influenced. We thus show that the semiclassical exponents can be decreased for specific parameter ranges, thereby increasing tunneling probability.</P>
Synthesis of hierarchical TiO2 nanowires with densely-packed and omnidirectional branches
Lee, Daeho,Rho, Yoonsoo,Allen, Frances I.,Minor, Andrew M.,Ko, Seung Hwan,Grigoropoulos, Costas P. The Royal Society of Chemistry 2013 Nanoscale Vol.5 No.22
<P>In this study, a hierarchical TiO2 nanostructure with densely-packed and omnidirectional branches grown by a hydrothermal method is introduced. This morphology is achieved via high-concentration TiCl4 treatment of upright backbone nanowires (NWs) followed by hydrothermal growth. Secondary nanobranches grow in all directions from densely distributed, needle-like seeds on the jagged round surface of the backbone NWs. In addition, hierarchical, flower-like branches grow on the top surface of each NW, greatly increasing the surface area. For dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) applications, the TiO2 nanostructure demonstrated a photoconversion efficiency of up to 6.2%. A parametric study of the DSSC efficiency showed that branched TiO2 DSSCs can achieve nearly four times the efficiency of non-branched TiO2 nanowire DSSCs, and up to 170% the efficiency of previously-reported sparsely-branched TiO2 NW DSSCs.</P>
Intra-industry innovation, spillovers, and industry evolution: Evidence from the Korean ICT industry
Lee, Changjun,Kim, Jang Hyun,Lee, Daeho Elsevier 2017 Telematics and Informatics Vol.34 No.8
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Companies innovate themselves to survive competition, and successful innovations are transferred to the industry as a whole through imitation. In this paper, the technical efficiency (TE) of the Korean information and communication technology (ICT) industry is estimated through stochastic frontier analysis, and the efficiencies from 2000 to 2013 are compared through meta-frontier analysis. In addition, by analyzing the effect of innovations that move the production function up on the TE and the meta-frontier efficiency through the two-stage least square model, this paper investigates the effects of innovation on other companies in the industry in the short- and long-term and how the industry evolves accordingly. As a result, sudden inflation of the meta-technology ratio caused by a few innovative firms automatically lowers the average TE. However, the innovation spills over intra-industry by the efforts of other firms trying to reach around the innovation (i.e., imitation). This recovers other firms’ TE and increases meta-frontier efficiency. In addition, this paper provides theoretical and practical implications of the results.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> This paper estimates technical efficiency of the Korean ICT industry. </LI> <LI> It compares the efficiency of firms using meta-frontier analysis method. </LI> <LI> It investigates the effects of innovation on other firms. </LI> <LI> It also investigates how the industry evolves accordingly. </LI> </UL> </P>