The Different Expression of Gene Profiles on Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells with Different Intracellular Hepatitis C Viral Load

( Chia-yen Dai ),( Shu-chi Wang ),( Meng-hsuan Hsieh ),( Cheng-fu Yang ),( Ching-i Huang ),( Chung-feng Huang ),( Ming-lun Yeh ),( Jee-fu Huang ),( Wang-long Chung ),( Ming-lung Yu ) 대한간학회 2017 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2017 No.1

Aims: The different hepatitis C virus (HCV) replication has been reported among individual hepatocytes in chronic HCV infection by identifying hepatocytes with different HCV RNA levels. We have previously established a fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) protocol to study the effects of different intracellular viral loads in HCV-infected cells. The present study aimed to further study the gene expression on different hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells with different HCV viral load. Methods: The JFH1-EYFP viral florescence intensity was used to sort the high and low viral load cells after 5 days infection in vitro which has been shown in our previous study that infected cells efficiently and accurately discriminated between high- and low-viral load cell populations. The next generation sequence-RNA sequence was used to clarify the mRNA and miRNA gene network between HCV-high and HCV-low infected cells of the HCC cell line. Venn diagram summarizing the probe sets that were differentially expressingbetween the Huh7.5.1 versus each differential viral load cell population and miRDB and miRTar databases were used to predict HVL and LVL/S2 unique miRNA target genes. Results: By analyzing the NGS dataset and miRNA microarray dataset, of the significant transcripts, three miRNA were unique for the LVL/S2 cells and nine miRNA unique for the HVL. Twenty-three miRNA were common for all 3 viral load groups. We verified them by q-PCR and data confirmed the array data expression level. We found that high viral loads were associated with cell inflammation- and cell death-associated pathway; and the low viral loads were associated many stress response- and cell adhesion molecular (CAMs)-related genes. Conclusions: With the established cell sorting protocol, we have demonstrated that different gene network between HCV-high and HCV-low infected cells in JFH1-EYFP infectious cells exists. Our results may provide a boarder gene regulation map between high and low viral load cell populations.

Development of IGZO TFTs and Their Applications to Next-Generation Flat-Panel Displays

Hsieh, Hsing-Hung,Lu, Hsiung-Hsing,Ting, Hung-Che,Chuang, Ching-Sang,Chen, Chia-Yu,Lin, Yusin The Korean Infomation Display Society 2010 Journal of information display Vol.11 No.4

Organic light-emitting devices (OLEDs) have shown superior characteristics and are expected to dominate the nextgeneration flat-panel displays. Active-matrix organic light-emitting diode (AMOLED) displays, however, have stringent demands on the performance of the backplane. In this paper, the development of thin-film transistors (TFTs) based on indium gallium zinc oxide (IGZO) on both Gen 1 and 6 glasses, and their decent characteristics, which meet the AMOLED requirements, are shown. Further, several display prototypes (e.g., 2.4" AMOLED, 2.4" transparent AMOLED, and 32" AMLCD) using IGZO TFTs are demonstrated to confirm that they can indeed be strong candidates for the next-generation TFT technology not only of AMOLED but also of AMLCD (active-matrix liquid crystal display).

Fatigue Analysis of Lower Limb Muscle Group Using Elliptical Machine with Constant Loading

( Li-cheng Hsieh ),( Ching-chia Hsieh ) 한국농업기계학회 2018 한국농업기계학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.23 No.1

The elliptical machine or trainer is one of the most popular sports equipment for cardiorespiratory fitness training. In recent years, it is widely used in the family and the gymnasium in Taiwan. Therefore, it is necessary for further discussion about the movements of the elliptical machine, and various levels of the lower-limb muscular fatigue using the elliptical machine in various strengths. The research collected the electromyography (EMG) signal of lower limb muscles, and used the commercially available software to analyze the possible timing that the fatigue appeared. The research applied this system to analyze the lower-limb muscular fatigue when using the elliptical machine with a constant resistance. It compiled the relevant literature, developed the experimental methods and analyzed the results. The subjects of this research arranged ten young people who used elliptical trainer for the first time. They carried the EMG and pedaled in a nature way. Then, Fourier transform was applied for all collected data, and the median frequency was calculated from 80% of the maximum value of the mild fatigue. The result showed that 60% of subject’s rectus muscle had been fatigued first. As a result, when using the elliptical trainer, it was much easier to use the muscles of the front thigh and get tired. Most of the fatigue occurred from overusing the lower limb muscle. By understanding the biomechanics of the elliptical trainer, it could avoid or reduce the fatigue and injuries during exercise. The system can analyze the fatigue timing as well. The fatigue analysis results would help the elliptical machine users avoid injuries, and increasing the efficiency of elliptical training.

Development of IGZO TFTs and Their Applications to Next-Generation Flat-Panel Displays

Hsing-Hung Hsieh,Hsiung-Hsing Lu,Hung-Che Ting,Ching-Sang Chuang,Chia-Yu Chen,Yusin Lin 한국정보디스플레이학회 2010 Journal of information display Vol.11 No.4

Organic light-emitting devices (OLEDs) have shown superior characteristics and are expected to dominate the nextgeneration flat-panel displays. Active-matrix organic light-emitting diode (AMOLED) displays, however, have stringent demands on the performance of the backplane. In this paper, the development of thin-film transistors (TFTs) based on indium gallium zinc oxide (IGZO) on both Gen 1 and 6 glasses, and their decent characteristics, which meet the AMOLED requirements,are shown. Further, several display prototypes (e.g., 2.4” AMOLED, 2.4” transparent AMOLED, and 32” AMLCD) using IGZO TFTs are demonstrated to confirm that they can indeed be strong candidates for the next-generation TFT technology not only of AMOLED but also of AMLCD (active-matrix liquid crystal display)

Enhanced Allergic Inflammation of Der p 2 Affected by Polymorphisms of MD-2 Promoter

En-Chih Liao,Chia-Wei Hsieh,Ching-Yun Chang,Sheng-Jie Yu,Meei-Ling Sheu,Sheng-Mao Wu,Jaw-Ji Tsai 대한천식알레르기학회 2015 Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research Vol.7 No.5

Purpose: Myeloid differentiation-2 (MD-2) has been associated with endotoxin and inflammatory disorders because it can recognize lipopolysaccharide (LPS) binding and attenuate Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)-mediated signaling. However, its role in allergic inflammation has yet to be clarified. We examined whether single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in MD-2 promoter can affect MD-2 expression and aimed to clarify the relationship between Der p 2 allergy and SNPs of MD-2 promoter. Methods: The function of SNPs of MD-2 promoter and the effects of cytokines and immunoglobulin on the secretion and mRNA expression were investigated in 73 allergic subjects with different MD-2 gene promoter variants. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were cultured with or without LPS in the presence of Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus group 2 allergen (Der p 2), followed by mRNA extraction and cytokine expression analysis. The culture supernatants were collected for cytokine measurement. Results: Patients with the MD-2 promoter SNPs (rs1809441/rs1809442) had increased mRNA expressions of MD-2, ε heavy chain of IgE (Cε), and interleukin (IL)-8; however, only MD-2 and IL-8 were further up-regulated after Der p 2 stimulation. Patients with SNPs of MD-2 promoter tended to have high levels of IL- 1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α after Der p 2 and LPS stimulation. Increased secretions of IL-6, IL-8, and IL-10 were found to be up-regulated by Der p 2 stimulation, and an increased secretion of IFN-γ and decreased secretion of IL-4 were noted after LPS stimulation. Conclusions: The high levels of proinflammatory cytokines secreted by Der p 2 were predetermined by MD-2 promoter SNPs (rs1809441/rs1809442). Through cytokine secretion by Der p 2 and LPS, these SNPs may serve as an indicator of the pathological phenotype of Der p 2-induced allergic inflammation.

Application of Near Infrared Spectroscopy, Digital Image, and Smell Sensor to Classify Quality for Taiwanese Pangola Hay

( Jhen-jia Guo ),( Ching-lu Hsieh ),( Ming-hung Chu ),( Chia-sheng Chen ) 한국농업기계학회 2018 한국농업기계학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.23 No.1

Hay quality is an important factor that affects yield and quality of animal products. It also influences its market price. Therefore, it is crucial to have quantitative value on hay quality. Conventionally hay quality is judged manually by its appearance, smell, and chemical composition that needs tedious laboratory analysis. Spectroscopy in near infrared, digital image technique, and electronic smell senor are techniques that have been broadly studied in agricultural field. They contain many advantages, such as, simple preparation for samples, non-destructive on samples, and quick detection. This study applied these three techniques in hay quality evaluation. Seventy Pangola hay samples were randomly collected from Kenting, a southern town in Taiwan. Each sample was scanned by a monochrometer (microPHAZER) to record its reflective spectrum at 1600~2400 nm. Its digital color image was taken by a commercial camera in a small chamber after a calibration process was performed. And the response curve of electric resistance change detected by three SiO₂ gas sensors of MQ5, TGS800, and TGS 822 were recorded for 15 minutes. These records were used to calibrate a prediction/classification model for hay quality evaluation. Among these sample data, 2/3 of them were used as calibration set while the rest were used as test set. For spectroscopy to predict composition, PLSR (Partial least square regression) and MLR (Multiple linear regression) models were tested to predict CP (Crude protein), NDF (Neutral detergent fiber) and ADF (Acid detergent fiber). Results showed the best model was found at PLSR that had correlation coefficient (R) on prediction and measurement on test set of 0.89, 0.80, and 0.71 for CP, NDF and ADF respectively and with RMSEP (root mean squared error of prediction) value of 1.04, 1.34, and 2.30. For digital image, expert score on each sample was calibrated with LDA (linear discriminant analysis) model and 79 features extracted from image were used. Results indicated that two groups classification accuracy was 100% in color for test set. For smell detection, four features were extracted from the response curve and LDA for two groups was tested. The classification accuracy was about 87% in test set. The study developed a GUI (Graphic user interface) to integrate these three quality evaluations for field application. In terms of contribution, this study developed a hay quality evaluation system that offers quick and nondestructive method. The system is portable and can be carried and operated in field.

Health Care Utilization and Expenditures of Patients with Diabetes Comorbid with Depression Disorder: A National Population-Based Cohort Study

Chun-Jen Huang,Hui-Min Hsieh,Herng-Chia Chiu,Peng-Wei Wang,Mei-Hsuan Lee,Chih-Yi Li,Ching-Hua Lin 대한신경정신의학회 2017 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.14 No.6

Objective: The study investigated to compare health care utilization and expenditures between diabetic patients with and without depression in Taiwan. Methods: Health care utilization and expenditure among diabetic patients with and without depression disorder during 2000 and 2004 were examined using Taiwan’s population-based National Health Insurance claims database. Health care utilization included outpatient visits and the use of inpatient services, and health expenditures were outpatient, inpatient, and total medical expenditures. Moreover, general estimation equation models were used for analyzing the factors associated with outpatient visits and expenditures. Multiple logistic regression analysis was applied for identifying the factors associated with hospitalization. Results: The average annual outpatient visits and annual total medical expenditures in the study period were 44.23–52.20; NT$87,496–133,077 and 30.75–32.92; NT$64,411–80,955 for diabetic patients with and without depression. After adjustment for covariates, our results revealed that gender and complication were associated with out-patient visits. Moreover, the time factor was associated with the total medical expenditure, and residential urbanization and complication factors were associated with hospitalization. Conclusion: Health care utilization and expenditures for diabetic patients with depression were significantly higher than those without depression. Sex, complications, time, and urbanization are the factors associated with health care utilization and expenditures.