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Large volume production of plastic parts with micro-features
Yee-Cheong Lam,Phuong Quoc Mai Nguyen,Khoa Nhat Tran,Xing Chen 한국생산제조학회 2012 한국생산제조시스템학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2012 No.10
With miniaturization of products with more complex functions integrated, micro-parts have played an ever-increasingly important role in our daily life. This paper presents new developments in micro-injection molding and hot embossing, the two most viable processes for the production of micro-parts. Hot embossing can be used to create the necessary micro-structures not only on polymeric parts, but also on an aluminum alloy mold with controlled quality. A new mechanism of micro-forming, namely the plastic deformation of the polycrystalline AA 6061 grains near the material solidus temperature was reported. It was thus demonstrated that grain size is not the limiting factor on the minimum feature size that could be produced for a polycrystalline material. In the micro-injection molding technique, two main factors, namely melt compressibility and mold surface roughness, were studied. Melt compressibility can be neglected for simplicity in the simulation of macro-injection molding but should be considered in micro-injection mold-filling. Mold surface roughness also has effects on the flow in micro-cavity during the filling stage.
OB-15 : Clinical characteristics of pregnancies complicated by congenital myotonic dystrophy
( Cheon Ga Yee ),( Na Ri Shin ),( Suk Joo Choi ),( Soo Young Oh ),( Cheong Rae Roh ),( Jong Hwa Kim ) 대한산부인과학회 2014 대한산부인과학회 학술대회 Vol.100 No.-
목적: The objective of this study was to investigate the clinical characteristics of pregnancies complicated by congenital myotonic dystrophy diagnosed in our institution. 방법: We retrospectively reviewed cases with congenital myotonic dystrophy of mothers and newborns admitted NICU and diagnosed after birth between July 2004 and May 2014 (6 inborn and 5 outborn babies). Clinical features including maternal history of infertility and prenatal ultrasonographic findings were reviewed from medical record available. The results from myotonic dystrophy protein kinase (DMPK) gene mutation test with the number of CTG repeat expansion from mothers and neonates were also assessed. 결과: All mothers were not aware of their own myotonic dystrophy traits before their pregnancies. History of infertility followed by assisted reproductive technology accounted for 57.1% (4/7). Median maternal age was 32 years old (range, 29-40). Median gestational age at delivery and neonatal birth weight were 35+6 week (range, 29+1-38+5) and 2850gm (range, 1380-3600) respectively. Most distinctive prenatal ultrasonographic finding was severe polyhydramnios (66.7%, 4/6) with median AFI of 43 (range, 37-66). In 37.5% (3/8) cases, decreased fetal movement was evident in prenatal ultrasound exam. Median hospital stay in NICU was 37 day (range, 5-397) and there was one infant death, which was complicated with hydrops. One-minute Apgar score <4 was 44.4% (4 /9) and five-minute Apgar score <7 was 66.7% (6/9). Median number of CTG repeat of mothers and neonates were 400 (range, 166-1000) and 1300 (range, 700-2700), respectively. 결론: Our data suggests that severe polyhydramnios with decreased fetal movement in pregnant women especially with a history of infertility requires a differential diagnosis of congenital myotonic dystrophy.
Illicit drug use is associated with lower bone mineral density and bone strength
Suhas Krishnamoorthy,Gloria Hoi-Yee Li,Kelvin Shun-Cheong Ho,Yin-Pan Chau,Constance Mak,Donna Ng,Albert Kar-Kin Chung,Jody Kwok-Pui Chu,Kathryn Choon-Beng Tan,Ruby Lai-Chong Hoo,Ching-Lung Cheung 대한골다공증학회 2023 Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia Vol.9 No.3
Objectives: To evaluate the association of illicit drug use with bone mineral density (BMD) and hip geometric parameters at the narrow neck. Methods: This is a cross-sectional matched cohort study conducted in the Hong Kong Chinese population. Associations with illicit drug use were estimated using linear regression for BMD (lumbar spine and femoral neck) and hip geometrical parameters (cross-sectional area [CSA], cross-sectional moment of inertia [CSMI], section modulus [SM], average cortical thickness [ACT] and BMD at the narrow neck) after adjusting for age, body mass index (BMI), smoking status, drinking status, physical activity, and history of antipsychotic and antidepressant use. Mean difference and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated between 108 illicit drug users and 108 controls using an adjusted linear model and cluster-robust standard errors after matching by age and sex. The false discovery rate was used to correct for multiple testing. Results: Illicit drug users had a significantly lower BMD (g/cm2 ) at the lumbar spine (mean difference: -0.062; 95% CI: -0.108 to − 0.015), and femoral neck (mean difference: -0.058; 95% CI: -0.106 to − 0.010) in the fully adjusted model. Illicit drug users also had a significantly lower CSA (mean difference: -0.238 cm2 ; 95% CI: -0.462 to − 0.013), ACT (mean difference: -0.018 cm; 95% CI: -0.030 to − 0.006) and BMD (mean difference: -0.070 g/ cm2 ; 95% CI: -0.128 to − 0.012) at the narrow neck. Conclusions: Illicit drug use is associated with lower BMD and bone strength. Future studies evaluating the risk of illicit drug use with fragility fracture are warranted.
( Ji Hye Kim ),( Cheonga Yee ),( Jin Yi Kuk ),( Suk Joo Choi ),( Soo Young Oh ),( Cheong Rae Roh ),( Jong Hwa Kim ) 대한산부인과학회 2016 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.59 No.5
Pregnant women with antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) carry a high risk of arterial or venous thrombosis. Such thrombotic conditions occur more frequently in patients with triple positivity to antiphospholipid antibodies or with high antibody titers. Hepatic infarction is a rare complication in pregnant women with APS, and it sometimes mimics HELLP syndrome. This report describes a preeclamptic pregnant woman with APS who had high titers of three antiphospholipid antibodies. She experienced severe epigastric pain with elevated liver enzymes; in addition, she had tachycardia and tachypnea. The clinical findings suggested hepatic infarction and pulmonary thromboembolism, a partial manifestation of catastrophic APS. Therefore, she underwent emergent cesarean section at 25+2 weeks of gestation. After the delivery, her laboratory test indicated HELLP-like features, and computed tomography confirmed hepatic infarction and pulmonary micro-thromboembolism. Here, we report a case of a partial manifestation of catastrophic APS in a pregnant woman with triple antibody positivity, including a brief literature review.
Hock, Lim Kuang,Ghazali, Sumarni Mohd,Cheong, Kee Chee,Kuay, Lim Kuang,Li, Lim Hui,Ying, Chan Ying,Huey, Tay Chien,Yee, Lai Wai,Ying, Ong Shiau,Yen, Yeo Lay,Abdullah, Norhamimah,Wymen, Seet,Ibrahim, N Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.11
Background: Smoking among adolescents has been linked to a variety of adverse and long term health consequences. "Susceptibility to smoking" or the lack of cognitive commitment to abstain from smoking is an important predictor of adolescent smoking. In 2008, we conducted a study to determine the psycho-sociological factors associated with susceptibility to smoking among secondary school students in the district of Kota Tinggi, Johor. Materials and Methods: Two thousand seven hundred students were randomly selected by proportional stratified sampling. Analyses on 1,736 non-smoking students revealed that prevalence of adolescents susceptible to smoking was 16.3%. Results: Male gender (aOR=2.05, 95%CI= 1.23-3.39), poor academic achievement (aOR 1.60, 95%CI 1.05-2.44), ever-smoker (aOR 2.17, 95%CI 1.37-3.44) and having a smoking friend (aOR 1.76, 95%CI 1.10-2.83) were associated with susceptibility to smoking, while having the perception that smoking prohibition in school was strictly enforced (aOR 0.55, 95%CI 0.32-0.94), and had never seen friends smoking in a school compound (aOR 0.59, 95%CI 0.37-0.96) were considered protective factors Conclusions: These results indicate that follow-up programmes need to capitalise on the modifiable factors related to susceptibility to smoking by getting all stakeholders to be actively involved to stamp out smoking initiation among adolescents.
( Minji Kim ),( Juyoung Park ),( Soo Hyun Kim ),( Yoo Min Kim ),( Cheonga Yee ),( Suk-joo Choi ),( Soo-young Oh ),( Cheong-rae Roh ) 대한산부인과학회 2018 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.61 No.3
Objective To investigate the change of maternal characteristics, delivery and neonatal outcomes in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) over recent 10 years and to identify the risk factors associated with adverse outcome. Methods Consecutive GDM patients (n=947) delivered in our institution were included. Research period was arbitrarily divided into 2 periods (period 1: from 2006 to 2010, period 2: from 2011 to 2015). Multiple pregnancies or preexisting diabetes were excluded. Maternal baseline characteristics, delivery and neonatal outcomes were reviewed. Fetal biometric findings by prenatal ultrasonography were collected. Adverse pregnancy outcome (APO) was defined by the presence of one of the followings; shoulder dystocia, neonatal macrosomia (>4 kg), neonatal hypoglycemia (<35 mg/dL), respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), and admission to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) in term pregnancy. Results Period 2 was associated with older maternal age (34 vs. 33, P<0.001) and higher proportion of GDM A2 compared to period 1 (30.9% vs. 23.0%, P=0.009). By univariate analysis, APO was associated with increased body mass index (BMI) at pre-pregnancy (23.4 kg/㎡ vs. 21.8 kg/㎡, P=0.001) or delivery (27.9 kg/㎡ vs. 25.8 kg/㎡, P<0.001), higher HbA1c at diagnosis (5.6% vs. 5.3%, P<0.001) or delivery (5.8% vs. 5.5%, P=0.044), and larger fetal biometric findings (abdominal circumference [AC] and estimated fetal weight, P=0.029 and P=0.007, respectively). Multivariate analysis showed pre-pregnancy BMI (odds ratio [OR], 1.101; 90% confidence interval [CI], 1.028-1.180) and fetal AC (OR, 1.218; 90% CI, 1.012-1.466) were independently associated with adverse outcomes. Conclusion Our study demonstrated the trends and relevant factors associated with the adverse outcomes.
Lim, Kuang Hock,Ibrahim, Normala,Ghazali, Sumarni Mohd,Kee, Chee Cheong,Lim, Kuang Kuay,Chan, Ying Ying,Teh, Chien Huey,Tee, Eng Ong,Lai, Wai Yee,Nik Mohamad, Mohd. Haniki,Sidek, Sherina Mohd Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.2
Increasing the rate of smoking cessation will reduce the burden of diseases related to smoking, including cancer. Understanding the process of smoking cessation is a pre-requisite to planning and developing effective programs to enhance the rate of smoking cessation.The aims of the study were to determine the demographic distribution of smokers across the initial stages of smoking cessation (the pre-contemplation and contemplation stages) and to identify the predictors of smoking cessation among Malaysian adult smokers. Data were extracted from a population-based, cross-sectional survey carried out from April 2006 to July 2006. The distribution of 2,716,743 current smokers across the pre-contemplation stage (no intention to quit smoking in the next six months) or contemplation stage (intended to quit smoking in the next six months) was described. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to examine the relationship between socio-demographic variables and the stages of smoking cessation. Of the 2,716,743 current smokers, approximately 30% and 70% were in the pre-contemplative and contemplative stages of smoking cessation respectively. Multivariable analysis showed that male gender, low education level, older age group, married and those from higher income group and number of cigarettes smoked were associated with higher likelihood of pre-contemplation to cease smoking in the next six months. The majority of current smokers in Malaysia were in the contemplative stage of smoking cessation. Specific interventions should be implemented to ensure the pre-contemplative smokers proceed to the contemplative stage and eventually to the preparation stage.