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Ko, Sung-Youl,Ko, Hyun-Jeong,Chang, Woo-Sung,Park, Se-Ho,Kweon, Mi-Na,Kang, Chang-Yuil American Association of Immunologists 2005 Journal of Immunology Vol.175 No.5
<P>alpha-Galactosylceramide (alpha-GalCer) is a ligand of invariant Valpha14+ NKT cells and is presented by CD1d molecule on APC. NKT cells produce a large amount of Th1 and Th2 cytokines in response to alpha-GalCer-presented APC. In this study, we assessed whether alpha-GalCer could act as an effective nasal vaccine adjuvant for mucosal vaccine that would be capable of inducing systemic as well as mucosal immune responses. When alpha-GalCer was administered with OVA via the intranasal route to C57BL/6 and BALB/c mice, significant OVA-specific mucosal secretory IgA, systemic IgG, and CTL responses were induced with mixed Th1 and Th2 cytokine profiles seen in both strains of mice. Interestingly, as BALB/c mice were intranasally immunized with PR8 hemagglutinin Ag isolated from influenza virus A/PR/8/34 together with alpha-GalCer, significant protection was afforded against influenza viral infection. When alpha-GalCer was coimmunized with a replication-deficient live adenovirus to BALB/c mice, it significantly induced both humoral and cellular immune responses. In addition, intranasal administration of OVA with alpha-GalCer showed complete protection against EG7 tumor challenge in C57BL/6. The adjuvant effects induced by intranasal coadministration with alpha-GalCer were blocked in CD1d-/- mice, indicating that the immune responses were exclusively mediated by CD1d molecule on APC. Most interestingly, intranasally coadministered alpha-GalCer activated naive T cells and triggered them to differentiate into functional effector T cells when CFSE-labeled OT-1 cells were adoptively transferred into syngeneic mice. Overall, our results are the first to show that alpha-GalCer can act as a nasal vaccine adjuvant inducing protective immune responses against viral infections and tumors.</P>
Ko, Young-Joon,Lee, Hyang-Sim,Jeoung, Hye-Young,Heo, Eun-Jeong,Ko, Hyo-Rim,Chang, Byung-Sik,Joo, Hoo-Don,Gerelmaa, U.,Dashzeveg, B.,Tserendorj, S.,Sodnomdarjaa, R.,Park, Jong-Hyeon,Kweon, Chang-Hee,Ch American Society for Microbiology 2010 CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY Vol.17 No.1
<B>ABSTRACT</B><P>A blocking enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with a baculovirus-expressed structural protein was developed for the detection of antibodies to foot-and-mouth disease virus type A. It exhibited 99% specificity with a cutoff of 53% inhibition. Its sensitivity was comparable to the sensitivities of the virus neutralization test and the liquid-phase blocking ELISA, indicating its potential as an alternative assay.</P>
Ko, Hyun‐,Jeong,Yang, Hyungjun,Yang, Jin‐,Young,Seo, Sang‐,Uk,Chang, Sun‐,Young,Seong, Je Kyung,Kweon, Mi‐,Na WILEY‐VCH Verlag 2012 European journal of immunology Vol.42 No.3
<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>The role of TLR signaling in linking the innate and adaptive immune systems has been a controversial issue that remains to be solved. Here, we determined whether MyD88‐dependent TLR signals are required for the generation of B‐cell responses during chronic <I>Salmonella</I> infection. Oral administration of recombinant attenuated <I>Salmonella enterica</I> serovar Typhimurium vaccine (RASV) strain in MyD88<SUP>−/−</SUP> mice resulted in chronic infection. Infection was accompanied by enlarged germinal centers and hypergammaglobulinemia with anti‐double‐stranded DNA (dsDNA)‐specific Ab in sera, and the deposition of immune complexes in the kidneys, suggesting onset of autoimmunity. CD4<SUP>+</SUP> T cells expressing PD‐1, CXCR5, ICOS, and IL‐21 were dramatically increased in chronically infected mice, indicating the expansion of follicular helper T (Tfh)‐like cells. Of note, the depletion of CD4<SUP>+</SUP> T cells completely blocked the generation of polyclonal IgG Ab in sera after oral RASV challenge. Inflammatory myeloid cells expressing CD11b and Gr‐1 accumulated in high numbers in the spleen of MyD88<SUP>−/−</SUP> mice. Interestingly, the blockade of PD‐1 or ICOS significantly reduced the hypergammaglobulinemia and dsDNA‐specific autoantibody production. Overall, these results suggest that Tfh‐like cells in chronic bacterial infection trigger autoimmune hypergammaglobulinemia in a PD‐1‐ and ICOS‐dependent manner.</P>
Estimation of Current Decay Performance of HTS Electromagnet for Maglev
Chang Young Lee,Jung Min Jo,Young Jae Han,Duck Kweon Bae,Yong Soo Yoon,Sukjin Choi,Dong Keun Park,Tae Kuk Ko IEEE 2010 IEEE transactions on applied superconductivity Vol.20 No.3
<P>This paper deals with the estimation of current decay rates resulting persistent current mode (PCM) performance and its affect on design of high temperature superconducting (HTS) coil models used in an HTS electromagnet. The HTS coil models were designed to generate the required magneto motive force(MMF) on HTS electromagnets operating at various levitation gaps. We simulated the current decay rate with the self-inductance and joint resistance of the superconducting coil. The current decay rates of the models for the 10 mm levitation gap were in the range of 4.5% to 18%, whereas current decay rates of the models for the 25 mm levitation gap were in the range of 2.2% to 5.3%. It was found that the HTS electromagnet for large levitation gaps had more advantages than those for narrow air gaps in regards to designing an HTS coil with better PCM performance.</P>
Mucosal dendritic cells shape mucosal immunity
Chang, Sun-Young,Ko, Hyun-Jeong,Kweon, Mi-Na Nature Publishing Group 2014 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.46 No.3
<P>Dendritic cells (DCs) are key modulators that shape the immune system. In mucosal tissues, DCs act as surveillance systems to sense infection and also function as professional antigen-presenting cells that stimulate the differentiation of naive T and B cells. On the basis of their molecular expression, DCs can be divided into several subsets with unique functions. In this review, we focus on intestinal DC subsets and their function in bridging the innate signaling and adaptive immune systems to maintain the homeostasis of the intestinal immune environment. We also review the current strategies for manipulating mucosal DCs for the development of efficient mucosal vaccines to protect against infectious diseases.</P>
Conceptual Design for HTS Coil in Superconducting Electromagnet for Maglev
Chang Young Lee,Jung Min Jo,Bubyoung Kang,Young Jea Han,Duck Kweon Bae,Yong Soo Yoon,Yoon Do Chung,Sung Yul Chu,Young Jin Hwang,Tae Kuk Ko IEEE 2011 IEEE transactions on applied superconductivity Vol.21 No.3
<P>This study deals with a conceptual design for a high temperature superconductor (HTS) coil fabricated with YBCO wire in a prototype HTS-electromagnet (HTS-EM) model for the electromagnetic suspension (EMS)-based Maglev. Because the size of the HTS coil and the power it consumes during operation are very critical factors in designing the HTS-EM, we focused on the number of coil turns and the operating conditions needed to generate the required magneto-motive force (MMF) effectively. The winding geometry of the sample HTS coil with the largest Ic value was selected for use in this study. To determine the operating condition corresponding to the number of coil turns, we produced the operating profile for the load current of DC current source and the Ic value of HTS coil. From the profile, the optimal number of coil turns to minimize the operating power is determined to be in the range of 1200 to 1400 turns. And the HTS coil should be operated with the current of 37 to 43 A at the cooling temperature of 73 to 76 K.</P>
A Study on the Development of Rotary Ultrasonic Machining Spindle
Chang-Ping Li(이상평),Min-Yeop Kim(김민엽),Jong-Kweon Park(박종권),Tae-Jo Ko(고태조) 한국기계가공학회 2015 한국기계가공학회지 Vol.14 No.4
Ultrasonic machining (USM) has been considered a new, cutting-edge technology that presents no heating or electrochemical effects, with low surface damage and small residual stresses on brittle workpieces. However, nowadays, many researchers are paying careful attention to the disadvantages of USM, such as low productivity and tool wear. On the other hand, in this study, a high-performance rotary ultrasonic drilling (RUD) spindle is designed and assembled. In this system, the core technology is the design of an ultrasonic vibration horn for the spindle using finite element analysis (FEA). The maximum spindle speed of RUM is 9,600 rpm, and the highest harmonic displacement is 5.4 μm noted at the frequency of 40 ㎑. Through various drilling experiments on glass workpieces using a CVD diamond-coated drill, the cutting force and cracking of the hole entrance and exit side in the glass have been greatly reduced by this system.