Computed tomography morphologic features of pulmonary adenocarcinoma with brain/bone metastasis

( Ki-eun Hwang ),( Su-jin Oh ),( Chul Park ),( Se-jeong Jeon ),( Jeong-mi Lee ),( Byong-ki Cha ),( Kwon-ha Yoon ),( Eun-taik Jeong ),( Hak-ryul Kim ) 대한내과학회 2018 The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine Vol.33 No.2

Background/Aims: Brain and bone metastases are common in patients with lung cancer. The development of metastasis is associated with poor survival in lung cancer patients. Although tumor morphologic features on radiographs are routinely assessed for differentiation between benign and malignant lung nodules, they are not used to predict metastasis. We assessed morphologic features of pulmonary adenocarcinomas with brain/bone metastasis on computed tomography (CT) to identify related factors for metastasis. Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of initial chest CT findings (size, type of contour, percentage of necrosis, enhancement, presence or absence of calcification, and air cavity) from 2009 to 2010 of patients with brain or bone metastasis and compared the findings with those of patients without metastases. Results: In total, 128 patients were included (78 men, 52 women; mean age 69 years; range, 36 to 87). Nineteen patients had brain metastases and 32 had bone metastases. Morphologic features associated with brain metastasis included size ≥ 50 mm (odds ratio [OR], 3.37; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.24 to 9.17; p = 0.013), necrosis ≥ 30% (OR, 4.51; 95% CI, 1.62 to 12.55; p =0.002), and presence of calcification (OR, 3.97; 95% CI, 1.16 to 13.55; p = 0.035). Morphologic features associated with bone metastasis included necrosis ≥ 30% (OR, 4.639; 95% CI, 1.98 to 10.82; p < 0.001) and T 3 to 4 stage (OR, 2.53; 95% CI, 1.07 to 6.00; p = 0.031). Conclusions: We found that necrosis ≥ 30% was associated with pulmonary adenocarcinoma with brain and bone metastasis at initial chest CT morphologic feature. To validate these results, further research should be conducted.

Porous PVDF as effective sonic wave driven nanogenerators.

Cha, SeungNam,Kim, Seong Min,Kim, HyunJin,Ku, JiYeon,Sohn, Jung Inn,Park, Young Jun,Song, Byong Gwon,Jung, Myoung Hoon,Lee, Eun Kyung,Choi, Byoung Lyong,Park, Jong Jin,Wang, Zhong Lin,Kim, Jong Min,Ki American Chemical Society 2011 Nano letters Vol.11 No.12

<P>Piezomaterials are known to display enhanced energy conversion efficiency at nanoscale due to geometrical effect and improved mechanical properties. Although piezoelectric nanowires have been the most widely and dominantly researched structure for this application, there only exist a limited number of piezomaterials that can be easily manufactured into nanowires, thus, developing effective and reliable means of preparing nanostructures from a wide variety of piezomaterials is essential for the advancement of self-powered nanotechnology. In this study, we present nanoporous arrays of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), fabricated by a lithography-free, template-assisted preparation method, as an effective alternative to nanowires for robust piezoelectric nanogenerators. We further demonstrate that our porous PVDF nanogenerators produce the rectified power density of 0.17 mW/cm3 with the piezoelectric potential and the piezoelectric current enhanced to be 5.2 times and 6 times those from bulk PVDF film nanogenerators under the same sonic-input.</P>

Enhanced apoptosis by pemetrexed and simvastatin in malignant mesothelioma and lung cancer cells by reactive oxygen species-dependent mitochondrial dysfunction and Bim induction.

Hwang, Ki-Eun,Kim, Young-Suk,Hwang, Yu-Ri,Kwon, Su-Jin,Park, Do-Sim,Cha, Byong-Ki,Kim, Byoung-Ryun,Yoon, Kwon-Ha,Jeong, Eun-Taik,Kim, Hak-Ryul Lychnia 2014 International journal of oncology Vol.45 No.4

<P>Pemetrexed is a multitarget antifolate currently used for the treatment of malignant mesothelioma and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Statins, 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors used primarily for hyperlidpidemia, have been studied for their antiproliferative and pro-apoptotic effects. However, the effects of simvastatin on pemetrexed-induced apoptosis have not been investigated. In this study, we investigated whether combination treatment with pemetrexed and simvastatin potentiates the apoptotic activity above that is seen with either drug alone in malignant mesothelioma and NSCLC cells. We found that the combination of pemetrexed and simvastatin induced more extensive caspase-dependent apoptosis than either drug alone in malignant mesothelioma cells (MSTO-211) or NSCLC cells (A549). In addition, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in cells treated with both pemetrexed and simvastatin was markedly increased compared to cells treated with either pemetrexed or simvastatin alone. Combination treatment also increased the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, increased cytosolic release of cytochrome?c, and altered expression of inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (IAP) and B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) families of apoptosis related proteins. On the other hand, pretreatment with N-acetylcysteine (NAC) prevented apoptosis and mitochondrial dysfunction by pemetrexed and simvastatin. In addition, Bim siRNA conferred protection against apoptosis induced by pemetrexed and simvastatin. These results suggest that combination of pemetrexed and simvastatin potentiates their apoptotic activity beyond that of either drug alone in malignant mesothelioma and lung cancer cells. This activity is mediated through ROS-dependent mitochondrial dysfunction and Bim induction.</P>

韓國蔘, 中國蔘, 西洋蔘이 高血壓 患者의 血壓에 미치는 影響

이차로(Cha-ro Lee),이상호(Sang-Ho Lee),이준우(Jun-Woo Rhee),나병조(Byong-Jo Na),김태훈(Tae-Hun Kim),정우상(Woo-sang Jung),문상관(Sang-Kwan Moon),조기호(Ki-Ho Cho),배형섭(Hyung-Sup Bae),김영석(Young-Suk Kim) 대한한의학회 2005 대한한의학회지 Vol.26 No.3

Pemetrexed induces apoptosis in malignant mesothelioma and lung cancer cells through activation of reactive oxygen species and inhibition of sirtuin 1.

Hwang, Ki-Eun,Kim, Young-Suk,Hwang, Yu-Ri,Kwon, Su-Jin,Park, Do-Sim,Cha, Byong-Ki,Kim, Byoung-Ryun,Yoon, Kwon-Ha,Jeong, Eun-Taik,Kim, Hak-Ryul National Hellenic Research Foundation 2015 ONCOLOGY REPORTS Vol.33 No.5

<P>Pemetrexed is a multitargeted antifolate used for the treatment of malignant mesothelioma and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the mechanism by which pemetrexed induces apoptosis remains unclear. In the present study, we investigated the involvement of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) in pemetrexed-induced apoptosis in MSTO-211 malignant mesothelioma cells and A549 NSCLC cells. Pemetrexed enhanced caspase-dependent apoptosis, induced intracellular ROS generation, and downregulated SIRT1 in the MSTO-211 and A549 cells. Pemetrexed-induced apoptosis, which was prevented by pretreatment with N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC), was mediated by effects on the mitochondria, including mitochondrial membrane potential transition (MPT) and cytosolic release of cytochrome c, and also involved regulation of SIRT1 expression. Interference with SIRT1 expression using siRNA enhanced pemetrexed-induced apoptosis through mitochondrial dysfunction and ROS generation, whereas resveratrol, an activator of SIRT1, protected against pemetrexed-induced apoptosis. These results show that pemetrexed induces apoptosis in MSTO-211 mesothelioma cells and A549 NSCLC cells through mitochondrial dysfunction mediated by ROS accumulation and SIRT1 downregulation.</P>

Comparison of Respiratory Outcome between the Surfactant without Endotracheal Tube Intubation and the Intubation-Surfactant-Extubation Techniques in Extremely Low Gestational Age Neonates with Respiratory Distress Syndrome

( Teahyen Cha ),( Jiyoon Jeong ),( Byong Sop Lee ),( Ellen Ai-rhan Kim ),( Ki-soo Kim ),( Euiseok Jung ) 대한주산의학회 2021 Perinatology Vol.32 No.3

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine whether there were differences in respiratory outcomes of extremely low gestational age neonates according to the surfactant without endotracheal tube intubation (SURE) technique or the intubation-surfactant-extubation (INSURE) technique in treating respiratory distress syndrome. Methods: Preterm infants less than 28 weeks of gestational age between January 2015 and December 2020 were retrospectively reviewed. Demographic and outcome variables, the respiratory outcomes including incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and pulmonary acuity score (PAS) were compared between the infants who received SURE and INSURE. Results: A total of 53 infants (SURE, 18; INSURE, 35) were analyzed. There were differences between SURE and INSURE groups in birth weight (919.5 g vs. 815.6 g, P=0.037) and Apgar score (1 minute: 6 vs. 5, P=0.037; 5 minutes: 8 vs. 7, P=0.016). Positive pressure ventilation rate at delivery room, continuous positive airway pressure failure rate, the second dose of surfactant administration, the duration of invasive and/or noninvasive respiratory support, and the incidence of BPD were not significantly different between the two groups. The PAS at 7 days of life (DOL) was lower than at birth in SURE group (P=0.048). However, there were no differences between PAS at birth and at postmenstrual age 36 weeks. Conclusion: Respiratory outcomes including incidence of BPD were not different between the SURE and INSURE groups. Nevertheless, PAS at 7 DOL decreased after the SURE technique.

Response to Inhaled Nitric Oxide and Clinical Outcome in Very Low Birth Weight Infants with Early Pulmonary Hypertension

Jae-Young Cho,Byong Sop Lee,Moon Yeon Oh,Teahyen Cha,Jiyoon Jeong,Euiseok Jung,Ai-Rhan Kim,Ki-Soo Kim 대한신생아학회 2020 Neonatal medicine Vol.27 No.3

Purpose: To determine the efficacy of inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants with early pulmonary hypertension (PH). Methods: We reviewed the medical records of 22 preterm infants who were born <30 weeks of gestational age with birth weight <1,500 g, diagnosed with early PH, and treated with iNO within the first 72 hours after birth. Responders were defined by a reduction in FiO2 >20% and/or oxygenation index (OI) >20% from the baseline values at 1 hour after beginning iNO therapy. Cardiorespiratory support indices including OI, oxygen saturation index, and vasoactive-inotropic score (VIS) were serially obtained for 96 hours following iNO therapy. Results: The mean gestational age of the patients was 26.1±2.0 weeks and the mean birth weight was 842±298 g. The mean OI at the start of iNO was 63.8±61.0. Improvement in oxygenation indicated by prompt decrease in FiO2 and OI from the baseline values were observed 1 hour after beginning iNO therapy and lasted up to 96 hours. After iNO therapy, VIS increased until 24 hours and decreased thereafter. At 1 hour after iNO, 16 patients (73%) were classified as responders and six (27%) as nonresponders. Compared with nonresponders, responders did not demonstrate the beneficial effect of iNO in terms of short-term survival and neonatal complications. The 1-year mortality rate did not differ between responders (56%) and nonresponders (67%). Conclusion: Although iNO treatment immediately improved oxygenation in most VLBW infants with early severe PH, the long-term mortality rate was high. A largescale study is needed to determine whether the initial response to iNO can predict patients’ survival.

발정유기(發情誘起)된 암캐의 혈중(血中) progesterone 농도변화(濃度變化)

강병규,최한선,나진수,이차범,오기석,손창호,Kang, Byong-kyu,Choi, Han-sun,Na, Jin-su,Lee, Cha-bum,Oh, Ki-seok,Son, Chang-ho 대한수의학회 1989 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.29 No.3

This study was performed to investigate the patterns of progesterone secretion after induction of estrus in premature, metestrous and anestrous bitches. A total of 22 bitches were used. Of them 18 bitches were treated with hormone to induced estrus and 4 bitches were untreated and served as controls. Estrus was induced with $PGF_{2{\alpha}}$, estrone, estradiol-$17{\beta}$, PMSG and HCG(Treatment A), and with PMSG and HCG(Treatment B). Blood samples were collected via the cephalic vein at 2 to 5 days interval. Blood samples were centrifuged (1,200g, 10min.) within 30 minutes after collection and plasma was stored at $-20^{\circ}C$ until analyzed for the progesterone concentrations. Plamsa progesterone concentrations were measured by radioimmunoassay. The results of estrous induction were determined by estrous signs, ovarian response, egg recovery and progesterone patterns. The results obtained were as follows; 1. All bitches in treatment A showed estrous signs, however the ovarian response and egg recovery were not detectable and the levels of progesterone were nearly same as before. 2. In the treatment B, premature and metestrous bitches showed only estrous signs, however 5 of 7 anestrous bitches (71.4%) showed estrous signs, ovarian response and changes of progesterone levels. In conclusion, clinical estrous behavior can be induced during any phase of the estrous cycle, but ovulation should be induced only if induction occur approximately 4 months or more after the previous estrus.

인공적(人工的) 발정유기견(發情誘起犬)의 질세포상(膣細胞像)에 관(關)한 연구(硏究)

강병규,최한선,나진수,손창호,오기석,이차범,Kang, Byong-kyu,Choi, Han-sun,Na, Jin-su,Son, Chang-ho,Oh, Ki-seok,Lee, Cha-bum 대한수의학회 1988 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.28 No.1

The present study was carried out to investigate the estrous behavior and vaginal smear after induction of estrus with exogenous hormones in the premature, metestrous and anestrous bitches. A total of 21 bitches(Mixed breed: 16, Jindo breed: 5), from 10 months to 5 years of age and weighing 8 to 15 kg was studied the change of vaginal smear and the estrous behavior before and after induction of estrus. The results obtained are as follows: 1. In the treatment A(They were given the $PGF_2{\alpha}$, estrone, estradiol-$17{\beta}$, PMSG and HCG) proestrus commenced in $10.16{\pm}1.44$($Mean{\pm}SEM$) days after treatment, The mean duration of proestrus, and estrus was $7.50{\pm}1.44$ and $13.50{\pm}3.44$ days, respectively. In the treatment B(They were given the PMSG and HCG) proestrus commenced in $5.53{\pm}0.59$ days after treatment. The mean duration of proestrus and estrus was $6.60{\pm}0.71$ and $14.60{\pm}1.14$ days, respectively. 2. All of the 6 bitches in the treatment A showed vulval swelling and vaginal discharge, 14 of the 15 bitches in the treatment B showed vulval swelling and vaginal discharge. However, all of the treatment A and B showed male acceptance. 3. The main change of vaginal smear in proestrus and estrus after induction of estrus was a increase in the proportion of anuclear and superficial cells associated with a decrease in small intermediate and parabasal cells. By the estrous behavior and vaginal smear the estrus was induced in all the premature, metestrous and anestrous bitches.

발정유기견(發情誘起犬)의 난소반응(卵巢反應)과 수정란(受精卵)의 외과적(外科的) 회수(回收)

강병규,최한선,나진수,오기석,손창호,이차범,Kang, Byong-kyu,Choi, Han-sun,Na, Jin-su,Oh, Ki-seok,Son, Chang-ho,Lee, Cha-bum 대한수의학회 1989 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.29 No.3

The aim of the present study was to test the efficiency of estrous induction in the premature, metestrous and anestrous bitches. The estrus was induced with prostaglandin $F_{2{\alpha}}$, estradiol-$17{\beta}$, pregnant mare serum gonadotropin (PMSG) and human chorionic gonadotropin(HCG) in the treatment A, and with PMSG and HCG in the treatment B. Day 0 was the first day of estrone injection in the treatment A and the day of PMSG injection in the treatment B. Twenty three of the twenty six bitches were laparotomized under general anesthesia between 11 and 18 days after onset of behavioral estrus, whereas three bitches were not laparotomized and remained until parturition. Ovarian responses were evaluated with the total number of corpora lutea or ovulation sites. The uterine horns were flushed with phosphate-buffered saline added heat treated canine serum(10%), the flushing media was collected into watch glass and the ova were examined under stereomicroscope. The results obtained were as follows: 1. Standing estrus was observed on the day $17.7{\pm}1.5$ after injection of estrone in the treament A, but ovarian responses were not detectable. 2. Standing estrus was observed on the day $12.2{\pm}0.2$ after injection of PMSG in the treament Band 14 of 17 bitches showed ovarian responses. Ova were recovered in 9 of the 14 bitches. 3. Ovarian responses were observed in one of the three premature bitches. two of the three metestrous bitches and all of the 11 anestrous bitches. The average number of the ova collected from 9 bitchs were $12.2{\pm}1.4$. 4. Three bitches in the treament B exhibited behavioural estrus and all of them were mated with fertile male dog, resulting the pregnancy in only one bitch. The pregnant bitch gave the birth of two pups.