Notch signaling in the collecting duct regulates renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis induced by unilat-eral ureteral obstruction in mice

( Arum Choi ),( Sun Ah Nam ),( Wan-young Kim ),( Sang Hee Park ),( Hyang Kim ),( Chul Woo Yang ),( Jin Kim ),( Yong Kyun Kim ) 대한내과학회 2018 The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine Vol.33 No.4

Background/Aims: Mind bomb-1 (Mib1) encodes an E3 ubiquitin ligase, which is required for the initiation of Notch signaling. Recently, it was demonstrated that the renal collecting duct plays an important role in renal fibrosis. Here, we investigated the role of Notch signaling in renal fibrosis using conditional knockout mice with the specific ablation of Mib1 in renal collecting duct principal cells. Methods: Mib1-f loxed mice (Mib1^f/f) were crossed with aquaporin 2 (AQP2)-Cre mice in order to generate principal cell-specific Mib1 knockout mice (Mib1^f/f :AQP2-Cre⁺). Unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) was performed, and mice were sacrificed 7 days after UUO. Results: After performing the UUO, renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis and the expression of transforming growth factor β were markedly enhanced in the obstructed kidneys of Mib1^f/f mice compared with the sham-operated kidney of Mib1^f/f mice. These changes were shown to be even more pronounced in the obstructed kidneys of Mib1^f/f: AQP2-Cre⁺ mice than in those of the Mib1f/f mice . Furthermore, the number of TUNNEL-positive cells in renal collecting duct was higher in the obstructed kidneys of Mib1^f/f: AQP2-Cre⁺ mice than in the kidneys of Mib1^f/f mice. Conclusions: Notch signaling in the renal collecting duct plays an important role in the regulation of renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis and apoptosis after UUO.

Risk Factors for the Occurrence and Severity of Vertebral Fractures in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study

Choi Arum,Jung Sung Hoon,Kim Sukil,Lee Jun-Seok 대한의학회 2023 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.38 No.28

Background: The risk of vertebral fractures is increased in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients. However, whether the severity of vertebral fractures differs between IBD patients and the general population, or between patients with Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), is unknown. Methods: We investigated risk factors associated with the occurrence and severity of vertebral fractures in IBD patients using The National Healthcare Insurance Service (NHIS) database. We defined the patients who underwent vertebroplasty or kyphoplasty after being diagnosed with a vertebral fracture as having a severe vertebral fracture than those with only diagnosis codes. Results: From 2008 to 2018, there were 33,778 patients with IBD (24,370 UC patients and 9,408 CD patients) and 101,265 patients in the reference population. The incidence rate ratio of vertebral fractures in the IBD patients was 1.27 per 1,000 person-years (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.26–1.27). The risk of vertebral fracture was higher in CD and UC patients than in the matched reference group (hazard ratio [HR], 1.59; 95% CI, 1.31–1.92; P < 0.001 and HR, 1.26; 95% CI, 1.14–1.41; P < 0.001, respectively). In a multivariate analysis, the occurrence of vertebral fracture was associated with CD (HR, 1.31; 95% CI, 1.08–1.59; P = 0.006), older age (CD: HR, 1.09; 95% CI, 1.08–1.09; P < 0.001 and UC: HR, 1.09; 95% CI, 1.08–1.09; P < 0.001), female sex (CD: HR, 1.81; 95% CI, 1.63–2.01; P < 0.001 and UC: HR, 2.02; 95% CI, 1.83–2.22; P < 0.001), high Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) score (CD: HR, 1.42; 95% CI, 1.23–1.63; P < 0.001 and UC: HR, 1.46; 95% CI, 1.29–1.65, P < 0.001), and long-term steroid use (CD: HR, 3.71; 95% CI, 2.84–3.37; P < 0.001 and UC: HR, 3.88; 95% CI, 3.07–4.91; P < 0.001). The severity of vertebral fractures was associated with IBD (CD: HR, 1.82; 95% CI, 1.17–2.83; P = 0.008 and UC: HR, 1.49; 95% CI, 1.17–1.89; P < 0.001) and older age (HR, 1.06; 95% CI, 1.05–1.07; P < 0.001). Conclusion: Vertebral fractures occur frequently and more severely in IBD patients, particularly those with CD. Therefore, we suggest monitoring of bone density, regular vitamin D supply, and reducing the use of corticosteroids to prevent vertebral fractures in IBD patients who are older, female, or have comorbidities.

Three pediatric patients with primary hyperparathyroidism caused by parathyroid adenoma

Oh Arum,Lee Yena,Yoo Han-Wook,Choi Jin-Ho 대한소아내분비학회 2022 Apem Vol.27 No.2

Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is a hypercalcemia disorder with inappropriately normal or increased serum parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels resulting from excessive secretion of PTH from one or more of the parathyroid glands. PHPT is uncommon in infants and children, with an estimated incidence of 2–5 cases per 100,000 persons. Patients with PHPT usually present with bone pain, urolithiasis, or nephrolithiasis, as well as nonspecific symptoms such as fatigue and weakness. Asymptomatic hypercalcemia may also be detected incidentally. Only a few cases of pediatric PHPT have been reported in Korea. We present three patients (a 9-year-old girl, a 14-year-old boy, and a 14-year-old girl) with PHPT who manifested variable clinical features of hypercalcemia. The first and second patients each had a parathyroid adenoma and presented with abdominal pain caused by pancreatitis and a ureter stone, respectively. The third patient had an ectopic mediastinal parathyroid adenoma and presented with gait disturbance and weakness of the lower extremities. All of the patients underwent surgical resection of parathyroid adenoma, and their serum calcium levels subsequently normalized without medication.

The N terminus of cGAS de-oligomerizes the cGAS:DNA complex and lifts the DNA size restriction of core-cGAS activity

Lee, Arum,Park, Eun-Byeol,Lee, Janghyun,Choi, Byong-Seok,Kang, Suk-Jo Wiley (John WileySons) 2017 FEBS letters Vol.591 No.6

<P>Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) is a DNA-sensing enzyme in the innate immune system. Recent studies using core-cGAS lacking the N terminus investigated the mechanism for binding of double-stranded (ds) DNA and synthesis of 2 ',3 '-cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP), a secondary messenger that ultimately induces type I interferons. However, the function of the N terminus of cGAS remains largely unknown. Here, we found that the N terminus enhanced the activity of core-cGAS in vivo. Importantly, the catalytic activity of core-cGAS decreased as the length of double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) increased, but the diminished activity was restored by addition of the N terminus. Furthermore, the N terminus de-oligomerized the 2 : 2 complex of core-cGAS and dsDNA into a 1 : 1 complex, suggesting that the N terminus enhanced the activity of core-cGAS by facilitating formation of a monomeric complex of cGAS and DNA.</P>

중등 예비교사의 좋은 과학 수업에 대한 인식 및 자신의 수업에 대한 평가

노아름 ( Arum Noh ),최혁준 ( Hyukjoon Choi ),정선재 ( Sunjae Chung ) 한국교원대학교 과학교육연구소 2020 청람과학교육연구논총 Vol.25 No.-

본 연구에서는 좋은 과학 수업에 대해 중등예비교사들의 인식과 좋은 과학 수업 관점에서 그들 자신의 수업에 대한 평가를 조사하고, 좋은 과학 수업에 대한 인식과 자신의 수업에 평가의 차이를 알아보았다. 이를 위해서 중등 예비교사 48명을 대상으로 좋은 과학 수업에 대한 인식과 교육실습에서 수행한 본인의 수업에 대한 평가를 조사하였다. 연구 결과, 전반적으로 교육 내용, 교육 방법, 교육환경 및 분위기 3가지 영역에서 자신이 실시한 과학 수업에 대한 평가가 좋은 과학 수업에 대한 인식에 미치지 못했다. 또한, 전통적인 방식에서 기본적으로 요구하는 수업 수행에 있어서 원만하였지만, 고차원적인 사고력, 탐구능력 향상을 위한 수업 등에 있어서는 어려움이 있었다. 본 연구 결과를 바탕으로 중등 예비교사들이 좋은 과학 수업을 수행함에 있어서 갖는 어려움을 극복하기 위한 몇 가지 제언을 하였다. The purpose of this study is to investigate the perceptions of pre-service secondary teachers on good science teaching and the evaluation of their own teaching from the perspective of good science teaching, and to compare the perception of good science teaching with the evaluation of their own teaching. For this purpose, 48 pre-service secondary teachers were surveyed for their perception of good science teaching and their evaluation of their own teaching conducted in the teaching practicum. The results of the study showed that the evaluations of their own teaching in three areas: teaching content, teaching methods, and educational environment & atmosphere were worse than perceptions of good science teaching. In addition, their teaching execution required in the conventional method was achieved while they felt difficulties in teaching high-level thinking ability and inquiry ability. Based on the results, some suggestions were made to overcome the difficulties of pre-service secondary teachers in carrying out good science teaching.

경쟁행위유형에 대한 탐색적 연구

이아름(Arum Lee),최승호(Seungho Choi) 한국전략경영학회 2014 전략경영연구 Vol.17 No.3

본 연구는 경쟁역학 이론을 바탕으로 디스플레이 산업에서 벌어지는 기업들의 경쟁행위를 조사하였다. 본 연구는 선행 연구와 달리 경쟁 기업 간 경쟁행위를 연속적인 관점으로 접근하여 경쟁행위유형(competitive action pattern)이라는 새로운 이론적 개념을 소개한다. 기업들은 일정한 기간 동안 동일한 경쟁사들과 여러 제품군에서 지속적으로 경쟁행위를 교환함으로써 경쟁행위에 대한 학습을 하게 되고, 이러한 학습은 기업의 반복적이고 지속적인 경쟁행위유형의 형성을(competitive action pattern) 가능케 한다. 본 논문은 디스플레이 산업에 대한 내용 연구를 통해 기업의 경쟁행위는 일정한 유형을(action pattern) 이루고 있음을 실증적으로 보여준다. 기업의 경쟁행위유형은 디스플레이 산업내의 다른 제품군에서도 유사하게 적용될 수 있으며 또한 각 제품군의 경쟁행위유형을 구성하는 행위 요소와 그 배열은 해당 시장에서 기업의 경쟁위치가 시장 추격자 또는 시장 선도자 인지에 따라 영향을 받는다. This study examines competitive action patterns in the display industry. This study considers firms’ competitive actions as regular and continuous events rather than punctuated ones. The findings of this study show that firms have competitive action patterns that is a repeated pattern of competitive behaviors as the outcome of organizational learning about the competitive behaviors of their rivalries while competing the same rivalries over time across multiple product markets. In addition, we find that the status of firms as market leaders or market followers affects the components and arrangement of their competitive action patterns.

Cell Therapy Products in Menopausal Medicine

( Hye Ji Choi ),( Tae-hee Kim ),( Soo Ah Kim ),( Jun-mo Kim ),( Arum Lee ),( Hyeon Jin Song ),( Yoo Jin Park ) 대한폐경학회 2016 대한폐경학회지 Vol.22 No.2

The incidence of postmenopausal diseases increases with the age of women. In this review, we introduce cell therapy products, a new treatment for postmenopausal osteoporosis, which often occurs in postmenopausal women. We also figure out the trends of research on cell therapy products and emphasize the necessity and importance of this research for researchers and postmenopausal women. Finally, we suggest the direction for improvement of postmenopausal osteoporosis and research on cell therapy products. We investigated which medication have been used so far. We also examined the development and technical problems of technologies that are currently in use. (J Menopausal Med 2016;22:71-75)

Changes in fatty acids and volatile components in mackerel by broiling

Chung, Hyun,Choi, Arum,Cho, In Hee,Kim, Young‐,Suk WILEY‐VCH Verlag 2011 European journal of lipid science and technology Vol.113 No.12

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>Mackerel is known to be a rich source of omega‐3 family PUFAs. The acid value and conjugated dienoic acid value of mackerel, known as indices of oxidation, were determined. Fatty acids in both raw and broiled mackerels were analyzed by GC. PUFAs and saturated fatty acids were observed at a low level in broiled mackerel, possibly as a result of thermal degradation of the lipids. In addition, volatile components in mackerel extracted by solvent‐assisted flavor evaporation were analyzed by GC‐MS. In total, 38 volatile components were detected in raw mackerel, whereas 53 volatiles were found in broiled mackerel. Hydrocarbons and methyl‐ and/or ethyl‐substituted benzenes were quantitatively dominant. Levels of aldehydes and alcohols were significantly enhanced in broiled mackerel, as was the level of benzothiazole, which possibly forms as a result of the condensation of thermal degradation products from amino acids and/or proteins, and lipids.</P>

y경쟁역학내의 경쟁행위양식

이아름(Lee Arum),최승호(Seungho Choi) 한국전략경영학회 2014 한국전략경영학회 학술대회발표논문집 Vol.2014 No.4

본 연구는 경쟁역학 이론을 바탕으로 디스플레이 산업에서 기업 간 경쟁 행위를 문헌조사를 통해 조사였다. 본 논문의 결과는 경쟁 기업 간 경쟁 행위는 단편적이고 일시적이기 보다는 일정한 양식 (action pattern)을 이루고 있으며, 경쟁 행위 양식은 디스플레이 산업내의 다른 제품군에서도 유사하게 적용됨을 보여준다. 또한 각 제품군의 경쟁행위양식을 구성하는 행위 요소와 그 배열은 해당 시장에서 기업이 시장에서 가지는 위치에 따라 (시장 추격자 vs.시장 선도자) 영향을 받음을 알 수 있었다. 이러한 연구 결과는 경쟁 기업의 행위는 경쟁자와 자신들의 과거의 경쟁행위 경험에 대한 학습을 통해 경쟁행위의 일정한 양식으로 나타남을 보여준다. This study examines the competitive action patterns of firms in the display industry. This study consider firms’ competitive actions as regular and continuous events rather than punctuated ones. The findings of this study show that firms have competitive action patterns that is a repeated form of competitive behaviors as the outcome of learning about their and the competitive behaviors of their rivalries over time. In addition, we find that the status of firms as market leaders or followers affects the components and arrangement of their competitive action patterns.

Usefulness of the Kyoto Classification Score for Prediction of Current Helicobacter pylori Infection

Heejun Kang,임철현,김석일,Arum Choi,오정환 대한상부위장관ㆍ헬리코박터학회 2022 Korean Journal of Helicobacter Upper Gastrointesti Vol.22 No.4

Background/Aims: Based on the Kyoto classification of gastritis, mucosal atrophy, endoscopic intestinal metaplasia, fold enlargement, nodularity, and diffuse redness may be associated with gastric cancer and Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection. In this study, we investigated the association between Kyoto scores based on the aforementioned five variables and current H. pylori infection. Materials and Methods: We reviewed medical records of consecutive patients who underwent endoscopic biopsies between January and June 2019. The study included 687 patients (370 and 317 patients with H. pylori-negative and -positive results, respectively). The Kyoto score was evaluated by the endoscopist who performed the test and was reconfirmed by another endoscopist. The total Kyoto score was analyzed using a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve for each score from 0 to 8. Multivariate analysis was used to determine the variables associated with H. pylori infection. Results: The maximum value of the Youden index (which reflects the ideal cut-off score of the Kyoto score on the ROC curve) was a Kyoto score of 2 points (Youden index 0.5905). Nodularity (OR 24.69, 95% CI 8.57~71.16, P<0.001) and diffuse redness (1 point: OR 18.29, 95% CI 10.29~32.52, P<0.001 and 2 points: OR 30.82, 95% CI 14.07~67.52, P<0.001) showed the highest OR on multivariate analysis. Conclusions: A Kyoto classification cut-off score of 2 points was suggestive of H. pylori infection, and mucosal nodularity and diffuse redness were most significantly associated with the risk of infection.