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IS TRADING WITH CHINA DIFFERENT? SELF-INTEREST, NATIONAL PRIDE, AND TRADE PREFERENCES
Yen Wei-Ting,Kay Kristine,Chen Fang-Yu 동아시아연구원 2021 Journal of East Asian Studies Vol.21 No.1
Despite increasing economic integrations with China, worries exist in China's neighboring countries about China's implicit political intention. Do people view trading with China differently? In this article, we incorporate the political context of trade agreements by showing that trade with partners who come with political costs is less likely to be supported. Using a nationally representative survey experiment from Taiwan, we find that trading with China garners less support than trading with Japan or Malaysia, and nationalism suppresses self-interest when the proposed trading partner is China. We show that national attachment, which is neither a proxy for political identification nor a proxy for national chauvinism, becomes a stronger predictor of trade preferences toward China. While the political tension between China and Taiwan is unique, many countries see at least one other country posing a negative externality. Our finding suggests strongly identified nationalists would oppose engaging with a hostile outsider regardless of their self-interest.
( Lin Yen-ting ) 성균관대학교 유교문화연구소 2017 儒敎文化硏究(中文版) Vol.0 No.28
“太虛卽氣”是張載思想體系中的核心命題, 該命題一方面承繼自漢代以來所流行的氣化宇宙圖式, 另一方面由於受到佛學的影響, 使中國的氣論思想得到更進一步的提升, 從宇宙生成的實然層面躍至對形上本體的討論, 這種思想的昇華與轉變開啓了宋明理學後續的發展, 幷爲其發展立下重要的里程碑。王廷相作爲明代後期的哲學家, 對於張載之說持有高度肯定, 如以下提到:“橫渠此論闡造化之密, 明人性之源, 開示後學之功大矣。”1由於同爲主張氣一元論者, 因此許多後世學者將王廷相視爲張載與王船山之間的中流砥柱, 但是否因此能說二者的思想全然相通?抑或僅是部分相似?本文以“太虛卽氣”爲題, 卽在於探討二者的思想聯繫, 爲了說明這一點, 必須部分結合朱熹理氣之說的看法, 以便於進行比較, 在硏究進路上, 本文將會分成以下三個部分進行說明:(一)張載的“太虛卽氣”――宇宙論與本體論之雙重幷建;(二)王廷相對張載“太虛卽氣”之說的詮解;(三)參考前輩學者們的硏究成果與檢視方法, 說明王廷相與張載學說形態的同異之處。 “The great void being the same as material force” is an important proposition in Zhang Zai`s ideological system. This proposition is not only associated with the cosmos theory of qi in the Han dynasty, but also influenced by the ontology of Buddhism. This proposition encouraged the development of Neo-Confucianism toward a metaphysical framework. As one of the key philosophers in the mid-Ming dynasty, Wang Tingxiang deemed highly of Zhang Zai`s contribution to the development of Neo-Confucianism; he claimed that Zhang Zai had a great contribution to later generations by revealing the secrets of nature and probing the mystery of life. Zhang Zai and Wang Tingxiang both agreed that qi or material force is the cause of the universe. For this reason, most scholars believe that Wang Tingxiang is a successor of Zhang Zai; however, beyond this superficial similarity, we need to carefully analyze their difference and resemblance. This paper aims to explore the thought of Zhang Zai and Wang Tingxiang, focusing on their interpretation of “the great void being the same as material force.” [Article in Chinese]
Hsu-Heng Yen,Meng-Tzu Weng,Chien-Chih Tung,Yu-Ting Wang,Yuan Ting Chang,Chin-Hao Chang,Ming-Jium Shieh,Jau-Min Wong,Shu-Chen Wei 대한장연구학회 2019 Intestinal Research Vol.17 No.1
Background/Aims: Incidences of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), ulcerative colitis (UC), and Crohn’s disease (CD), havebeen increasing in Asia. In this study, we report the relevant clinical characteristics and determined the epidemiological trend ofIBD in Taiwan from 2001 to 2015. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted to analyze data recorded from January 2001through December 2015 in the registered database compiled by the National Health Insurance and provided by the Ministry ofHealth and Welfare, Taiwan. Results: A total of 3,806 patients with catastrophic IBD illness were registered from 2001 to 2015 inTaiwan (CD, 919; UC, 2,887). The crude incidence of CD increased from 0.17/100,000 in 2001 to 0.47/100,000 in 2015, whereasthat of UC increased from 0.54/100,000 in 2001 to 0.95/100,000 in 2015. The prevalence of CD increased from 0.6/100,000 in2001 to 3.9/100,000 in 2015, whereas that of UC increased from 2.1/100,000 in 2001 to 12.8/100,000 in 2015. The male-to-femaleratio in the study sample was 2.19 for CD and 1.62 for UC. The median age of those registered with CD was lower than that ofthose registered for UC: 38.86 and 44.86 years, respectively. A significantly greater increase in CD incidence rate was identifiedamong 20 to 39-year-old compared with other age groups. Conclusions: Using Taiwan’s nationwide insurance database, we determinedthat the number of patients with CD increased more rapidly during the study period than the number of patients withUC, especially among age 20 to 39-year-old, resulting in a decreased UC-to-CD ratio. (Intest Res 2019;17:54-62)
Molecular structure and developmental expression of zebrafish atp2a genes
Yen-Yu Lai,Chiung-Wen Pai,I-Ting Tsai,Chi-Yuan Chou,Chia-Ti Tsai,Yau-Hung Chen 한국유전학회 2011 Genes & Genomics Vol.33 No.5
We isolated two atp2a genes, atp2a1 and atp2a2a, from embryonic zebrafish. Amino acid sequences deduced from zebrafish atp2a genes are aligned with orthologue proteins from other species, the results showed that they share high percentage of identities (82%-94%) and acidic pIs (5.03-5.33). Whole mount in situ hybridization experiments showed that atp2a1and atp2a2a are maternal inherited genes which can be detected at 1-cell stage embryos and express in the entire animal pole from 6 hours post-fertilization (hpf) to 12 hpf. At the later stages (48-96 hpf), expression of atp2a1 was restricted in head and trunk muscles as well as in some neurons. In contrast to the strongly expression of atp2a1 in head muscle,expression of atp2a2a was detected in head muscle in a fainter manner. In addition, transcripts of atp2a2a were observed in the developing heart during early cardiogenesis. The present studies not only help us to comparatively analyze atp2a genes across species, but also provide useful information about expressions during early embryogenesis that will help in further investigations of functional studies of Atp2a in the future.