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Xiao, Hui,Hu, Jing,Jin, Shuailin,Li, Rui Hai Korean Chemical Society 2013 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.34 No.9
A novel zwitterionic monomer 3-[(2-acrylamido)dimethylammonio]propanesulfonate (DMADAS) was designed and synthesized in this study. Then it was polymerized with acrylamide (AM) by free radical polymerization in 0.5 mol/L NaCl solution with ammonium persulfate ($(NH_4)_2S_2O_8$) and sodium sulfate ($NaHSO_3$) as initiator. The structure and composition of DMADAS and acrylamide-3-[(2-acrylamido)-dimethylammonio]propanesulfonate copolymer (P-AM-DMADAS) were characterized by FT-IR spectroscopy, $^1H$ NMR and elemental analyses. Isoelectric point (IEP) of P-AM-DMADAS was tested by nanoparticle size and potential analyzer. Solution properties of copolymer were studied by reduced viscosity. Antipolyelectrolyte behavior was observed and was found to be enhanced with increasing DMADAS content in copolymer. The results showed that the viscosity of P-AM-DMADAS is 5.472 dl/g in pure water. Electrolyte was added, which weakened the mutual attraction between sulfonic acid group and quaternary ammonium group. The conformation became loose, which led to the increase of reduced viscosity. The ability of monovalent and divalent cation influencing the viscosity of zwitterionic copolymer obeyed the following sequence: $Li^+$ < $Na^+$ < $K^+$, $Mg^{2+}$ < $Ca^{2+}$ < $Ba^{2+}$, and that of anion is in the order: $Cl^-$ < $Br^-$ < $I^-$, $CO{_3}^{2-}$ > $SO{_3}^{2-}{\approx}SO{_4}^{2-}$.
Xiaohui Chen,Xingang Wang,Xu Chen 국제구조공학회 2017 Smart Structures and Systems, An International Jou Vol.19 No.5
Ratcheting behavior of 90 elbow piping subject to internal pressure 20 MPa and reversed bending 20 kN was investigated using experimental method. The maximum ratcheting strain was found in the circumferential direction of intrados. Ratcheting strain at flanks was also very large. Moreover, the effect of temperature on ratcheting strain of 90 elbow piping was studied through finite element analysis, and the results were compared with room condition (25). The results revealed that ratcheting strain of 90 elbow piping increased with increasing temperature. Ratcheting boundary of 90 elbow piping was determined by Chaboche model combined with C-TDF method. The results revealed that there was no relationship between the dimensionless form of ratcheting boundary and temperature.
Separation and Characterization of Organic Chlorides in a Chinese Crude Oil
Xiaohui Li,Rui Ma,Liang Ding,Huiying Yuan,Bencheng Wu,Jianhua Zhu 대한화학회 2018 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.39 No.4
A crude oil from Shengli oilfield of China was extracted with N,N‐dimethylformamide (DMF) for separation and enrichment of organic chlorides. The resulting extract with relatively higher chlorine concentration was analyzed with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Among the identified heteroatom compounds in the extract sample, nitrogen‐containing compounds were most abundant in the extract sample, followed by chlorine‐, sulfur‐, and oxygen‐containing compounds, respectively. Four organochlorines with an aromatic core structure, i.e., 5‐chloro‐2‐methylaniline, 2‐chloro‐6‐methylaniline, 4‐chloro‐2‐nitrotoluene, and 1‐(5‐chloro‐2‐hydroxyphenyl)ethanone, were identified from crude oil extract. The dominant abundant organic chloride is 5‐chloro‐2‐methylaniline with relative content of 65.1% in the total of identified organic chlorides, followed by 1‐(5‐chloro‐2‐hydroxyphenyl)ethanone of 16.3%, 2‐chloro‐6‐methylaniline of 14.5%, and 4‐chloro‐2‐nitrotoluene of 4.1%, respectively.
Xiaohui Xi,Jinliang Wang,Liqing Chen,Zhaodong Wang 대한금속·재료학회 2019 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.25 No.6
In this paper, a process of two-step intercritical heat treatment was used to control the amount of retained austenite andnano-scaled precipitates for a low carbon Cu-containing structural steel such that the mechanical properties of this steelcan be tailored. In this process, the first step is intercritical annealing and a mixed microstructure can be obtained whichcontains intercritical ferrite, tempered martensite, fresh martensite and a small amount of retained austenite. The subsequentintercritical tempering was introduced to be beneficial for producing more stable retained austenite at room temperaturethrough secondary enrichment of stabilizers (Mn, Ni). Also, (Nb, V, Mo) (C, N) precipitates were formed during intercriticalannealing, while smaller (Nb, V, Mo) (C, N) precipitates and Cu-rich particles with diameter of 5–15 nm were obtainedafter intercritical tempering. It is due to the contributions from multi-phase microstructure, strain-induced transformation ofstable retained austenite and strengthening of nano-scaled precipitates that a combination of high strength, good ductility,low yield to tensile ratio (Y/T ratio) and excellent low-temperature toughness was achieved. The strengthening and tougheningmechanism were discussed on the basis of retained austenite formation and interaction between Cu precipitates and thematrix, together with the crack propagation.
Xiaohui Li,Jianhua Zhu,Bencheng Wu 대한화학회 2014 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.35 No.1
The distribution of basic nitrogen-containing compounds in three vacuum gas oils (VGOs) with different boiling ranges and their dewaxed oils from the lube base oil refining unit of a refinery were characterized by positive-ion electrospray ionization (ESI) Fourier transform-ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT- ICR MS). It turned out that the composition of basic nitrogen compounds in the samples varied significantly in DBE and carbon number, and the dominant basic N-containing compounds in these oil samples were N 1 class species. N 1 O 1 , N 1 O 2 , and N 2 class species with much lower relative abundance were also identified. The composition of basic nitrogen compounds in VGOs and dewaxed VGOs were correlated with increased boiling point and varied in DBE and carbon numbers. The comparison of the analytical results between VGOs and dewaxed VGOs indicated that more basic N-containing compounds in VGO with low carbon number and small molecular weight tend to be removed by solvent refining in lube base oil processing.
Xiaohui Chen,Bingjun Gao,Xu Chen 국제구조공학회 2016 Steel and Composite Structures, An International J Vol.21 No.4
The ratcheting behavior was studied experimentally for Z2CND18.12N elbow piping under cyclic bending and steady internal pressure. Dozens of cyclic plasticity models for structural ratcheting responses simulations were used in the paper. The four models, namely, Bilinear (BKH), Multilinear (MKIN/KINH), Chaboche (CH3), were already available in the ANSYS finite element package. Advanced cyclic plasticity models, such as, modified Chaboche (CH4), Ohno-Wang, modified Ohno-Wang, Abdel Karim-Ohno and modified Abdel Karim-Ohno, were implemented into ANSYS for simulating the experimental responses. Results from the experimental and simulation studies were presented in order to demonstrate the state of structural ratcheting response simulation by these models. None of the models evaluated perform satisfactorily in simulating circumferential strain ratcheting response. Further, improvement in cyclic plasticity modeling and incorporation of material and structural features, like time-dependent, temperature-dependent, non-proportional, dynamic strain aging, residual stresses and anisotropy of materials in the analysis would be essential for advancement of low-cycle fatigue simulations of structures.
Improving Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae culture medium by a comparative transcriptome method
Xiaohui Wang,Wenguang Zhang,Yongqing Hao 대한수의학회 2020 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.21 No.2
Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae (Mo) is difficult to culture, resulting in many difficulties in related research and application. Since nucleotide metabolism is a basic metabolism affects growth, this study conducted a “point-to-point” comparison of the corresponding growth phases between the Mo NM151 strain and the Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. capri (Mmc) PG3 strain. The results showed that the largest difference in nucleotide metabolism was found in the stationary phase. Nucleotide synthesis in PG3 was mostly de novo, while nucleotide synthesis in NM151 was primarily based on salvage synthesis. Compared with PG3, the missing reactions of NM151 referred to the synthesis of deoxythymine monophosphate. We proposed and validated a culture medium with added serine to fill this gap and prolong the stationary phase of NM151. This solved the problem of the fast death of Mo, which is significant for related research and application.