갱년기 증상에 대한 생활 스트레스의 영향

정숙형,조성수,최석,성낙진,박기흠 大韓家庭醫學會 1997 Korean Journal of Family Medicine Vol.18 No.2

Graphs with fixed number of pendent vertices and minimal Zeroth-order general Randic index

Su, G.,Tu, J.,Das, K.Ch. Elsevier [etc.] 2015 Applied Mathematics and Computation Vol.270 No.-

We investigate the graph with minimal Zeroth-order general Randic index in terms of its order n, pendent number N<SUB>1</SUB> and cyclomatic number γ ≥ 0. Extremal graphs were completely characterized for cases of γ=0,1,2, which can be directly extended for graphs with cyclomatic number γ ≥ 3.

김창환제 <춘향가> 연구

김석배 洌上古典硏究會 2003 열상고전연구 Vol.18 No.-

본고는 김창환제 <춘향가>의 성격을 살펴 볼 목적으로 작성되었다. 김창환은 정창업에게 판소리의 기본을 익힌 후 신재효의 문하에서 판소리 이론과 실기 지도를 받아 판소리 명창으로 이름을 날렸으며, 특히 20세기 초 전환기의 판소리창단의 지도자로서 판소리 발전에 크게 기여하였다. 본고에서 논의한 바를 간략하게 요약 정리하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 김창환은 어린 시절에는 가문소리를 익혔고, 1872년 이후에 정창업의 문하에서 본격적인 판소리 수업을 하여 판소리의 기틀을 닦았으며, 1880년 이후 2-3년 동안 신재효의 문하에서 신재효의 지침을 받아 자신의 판소리 세계를 이룩하였다. 그리고 김창환제 판소리는 김봉학·박지홍·백성환에게 전수되었고, 김봉학의 소리는 오수암·정광수로 이어졌고, 박지홍의 소리는 박동진으로 이어졌다. 둘째, 신재효가 개작한 <춘향가>는 김창환제<춘향가>에 직접적인 영향을 끼쳤다. <남창 춘향가>의 약 35%가 <정광수 춘향가>에 수용되어 있으며, 그것은 정광수<춘향가>의 약 18%에 해당하며, 그 중에서 아니리의 비중이 50%에 달한다. <동창 춘향가>가 <정광수 춘향가>에 수용된 정도는 약 10%로 정도이다. 그리고 <남창 춘향가>의 약 30%가 백성환<춘향가>에 수용되어 있으며, 그것은 백성환<춘향가>의 약 20%에 해당한다. The purpose of this study is to explore the characteristics of <Chunhyangga> of Kim Chang-hwan's style. Kim Chang-hwan famous as one of the best pansori singers had been originally taught the basic of pansori by Jun Chang-eop for some years since 1872. He had learned the theory and practice of pansori from Shin, Jae-hyo for 2-3 years since 1880. He created his own pansori world, and contributed greatly to the development of pansori as a leader of a pansori performance group in the early twentieth century. The results of this study are summarized as follows: First, the pansori of Kim Chang-hwan's style was handed over to Kim Bong-hag, Park Ji-hong, and Baek Sung-hwan, and Kim Bong-hag's pansori to Oh Soo-am and Jung Gwang-soo, and Park Ji-hong's pansori to Park Dong-jin. Second, <Chunhyangga> revised by Shin Jae-hyo had an direct influence on <Chunyhangga> of Kim Chang-hwan's style. About 35% of <Namchang Chunhyangga> is found in <Chunhyangga> of Jung Gwang-soo. The former accounts for approximately 18% of the latter. 'Aniri' amounts 50% of the 18% of Chunhyangga> of Jung <Chunhyangga> is found in <Chunhyagga> of Baek Sung-hwan, which accounts for around 20% of the latter.

철골구조물의 비탄성 거동 분석

정석창 부천대학 2004 論文集 Vol.25 No.-

강진하에서 구조물의 거동을 평가하기 위해서는 적절한 비탄성 해석이 수행되어야 한다. 특히 초고층 건물의 경우에는 이러한 해석적 검토가 반드시 수행되어야 한다. 그러나 비탄성 해석은 구조물에 소성힌지가 생성될 때 마다 구조물의 강성 매트릭스를 다시 계산해야 하기 때문에 탄성해석에 비하여 많은 시간과 노력이 필요하다. 이러한 문제점을 극복하기 위하여 구조물에 국부좌굴이나 횡좌굴이 발생하기 않고 안정적일 경우 완전 탄소성 모델이나 이선형 이력모델이 부재의 거동을 모델링하기 위하여 사용되고 있다. 그러나 이러한 결과는 실제 비탄성 실험으로 그 타당성이 검증되어야 한다. 본 논문은 철골 모멘트 저항골조의 비탄성 거동 특성을 분석하고자 1층 2경간 철골구조물과 2층 2경간 철골 구조물에 대하여 비탄성 실험을 수행하였고 비탄성해석의 결과와 비교되었다. 검토결과 완전 탄소성 모델보다는 2% 정도의 변형도 경화 강성을 고려한 이선형 모델이 실제 구조물의 비탄성 거동을 잘 반영하였다. 또한 비탄성해석이 실험체의 극한강도와 소성힌지 이력과 거의 일치하여 실험체의 붕괴이력을 잘 나타내고 있음을 알 수 있었다. To evaluate the inelastic performance of structure under strong earthquake, nonlinear analysis should be performed. These inelastic analyses, However, requires much more times and efforts than the elastic analysis with recalculation of stiffness matrix at each hinge formation. To overcome this problem, simple elastic-perfectly-plastic or bilinear hysteresis modeling of members are used when the hysteretic behavior of members is stable without local and lateral-torsional buckling failure. Large portion of the inelastic analysis studies has been focused an these modeling studies without experimental verification. Therefore, these analytical studies should be verified by actual test. In this study, pushover test for an one-story two-bay and a two-story two-bay steel moment-resisting frame was performed. The results were compared with the one of inelastic analysis and following conclusion was acquired. Bilinear model including the strain hardening stiffness of the member about 2% of the elastic stiffness caused better agreement with the test result than elastic perfectly-plastic model excluding the strain hardening contribution. The ultimate strength and plastic hinge history of inelastic analysis accounting strain-hardening stiffness of member were almost the same when they compared with test results.

'유적'에서 '생활문화'로 : 현대 일본사회에서 문화관광의 새로운 전개 Transformation of Cultural Tourism in Modern Japan

권숙인 서울대학교 비교문화연구소 2003 비교문화연구 Vol.9 No.1

This paper explores recent changes in cultural tourism in Japanese society. Many observers and researchers of Japan have suggested that cultural tourism is undergoing a meaningful shift which can be summarized into such related phrases and campaigns as "om Monuments to Living Cultures""om Dots to Lines"or "om Sightseeing to Experiencing"In this context, many local agencies and groups try to create various products that are allegedly geared to changing tastes and needs of tourists. A neighborhood organization in Aizu Wakamatsu City which has done various efforts to produce touristic attractions in their region is reviewed as a concrete example. As a concluding analysis, factors that bring about transformation in cultural tourism, meanings of the increased interest in 'wholistic' culture or living cultures, issues of authenticity and the so-called "del"ulture, and possibilities of cultural tourism as "ternative"orms of tourism are discussed.

순열ㆍ구개열 환자 부모와 정상 성인의 두개안면 형태에 관한 비교 연구

임숙영,고광준 大韓口腔顎顔面 放射線學會 1993 Imaging Science in Dentistry Vol.23 No.1

The purpose of this study was to determine whether any difference existed in craniofacial morphology between parents of children with cleft lip and/or palate and parents of children without cleft lip and/or palate as well as the characteristics of craniofacial morphology in parents of children with cleft lip and/or palate. Thirty three measurements of the various regions of cranium and face were obtained from lateral cephalometric radiograms in parents of 28 children with cleft lip and palate, 18 children with cleft lip, and 22 children with cleft palate. There were 28 couples and 40 single parents in this sample. There were 92 individuals including 41 males and 51 females. The measurements were compared with those in control subjects, including 40 adult males and 40 adult females, who had no history of craniofacial abnormalities. The total sample was compared for the sex independently. The obtained results were as follows. 1. In the cranium, both parents of cleft children had significantly shorter posterior cranial base length(S-Ba). 2. In the upper face, a significantly shorter anteroposterior length of maxilla(A'-Ptm'), particularly in the anterior region (A'-K'), anterior facial depth(A-SBaL), posterior facial height(Ptm'-SNL) and relation of subnasale to the cranial base(<BaN"Sn) were noted in fathers of cleft children. But, all measurements were not found to be significantly different between experimental group and control group in all mothers. 3. In the lower face, both parents of cleft children showed a significantly greater Y axis angle(<NSGn)and ramal plane angle(<SNL-RP) in fathers of cleft children. Thus both patents showed a posteriorly rotation of mandible. The thickness of the lower lip(B-B") was significantly thicker in fathers of cleft children. 4. In the facial profile, a significantly shorter posterior facial height(S-Go) and greater angle of soft tissue facial convexity (<BaN"Pog") were noted in the fathers of cleft children. But, all measurements were not found to be significantly different between experimental group and control group in all mothers.

문화원형을 중심으로 한 문화콘텐츠 기술개발에 관한 연구

정석규 호남대학교 2004 호남대학교 학술논문집 Vol.25 No.2

As people get to have economic abundance and spare time, they get to have more desire on mental and emotional things. So the importance of cultural contents is getting more and more important. In order to activate cultural contents, cultural archetype-related technologies are essential, and through this technical guidance, the current situation of cultural archetype-related technologies is examined, and it is predicted how such technologies need to be developed. Currently, in order to strengthen the competitiveness of contents in the world markets, each country is making efforts to create contents that can be accepted in the whole world. In this situation, it is possible to develop competitive contents in the world when various contents, which utilize our own unique cultural inheritances, are generated. So we can say that cultural archetype-related technologies, which make it possible to find and apply digitized cultural archetypes, are essential technologies to preoccupy the world contents markets.

<골생원전> 연구

김석배 한국고소설학회 2002 古小說 硏究 Vol.14 No.-

본고는 필자가 최근에 발굴한 <강릉매화타령>의 새로운 이본인 <골생원젼이라>의 전반적 성격을 검토한 것이다. 한글필사본 <골생원전>은 뒷부분 몇 장이 떨어져 나간 결본이지만 <매화가라>보다 내용이 풍부하고, 사설에 있어서도 현저한 차이를 보이고 있어 <강릉매화타령>의 실체를 밝히는 데 크게 기여할 수 있는 이본이다. <골생원전>은 <매화가>와 동일한 祖本에서 파생한 이본이지만 <골생원전>의 母本은 <매화가>의 모본과 계통이 다르다. 그리고 <매화가>보다 후대에 나온 이본으로서 독자성이 강하고, 19세기 후기에 판소리로 불리던 <강릉매화타령>의 사설이 정착한 것이다. <골생원전>의 독자적인 면모는 (1) <매화가>에 보이지 않는 새로운 사건과 삽화가 다양하게 등장하고, (2) 장면극대화 현상이 강화되어 있으며, (3) 다양한 새로운 삽입가요가 등장하고, (4) 골생원에 대한 희화화와 비속화가 크게 강화되어 있다는 사실 등에서 뚜렷이 드러난다. 그리고 이들 대부분은 <춘향가>의 지평을 빌려와서 <강릉매화타령>의 문맥에 맞게 변용한 것으로 골생원의 희화화와 비속화에 기여하고 있다. The purpose of this thesis is to examine the general characteristics of Golsaengwonjeonira(골생원젼이라), which I have found recently, a new alternative version of Ganreungmaehwataryung(강릉매화타령). Although Golsaengwonjeon(골생원전), which was written in longhand, lacks some pages at the end of it, it is richer in contents than <oehwagara(梅花歌라), and it shows a great difference in words. Therefore, it is a new version that can contribute to revealing the realities of Ganreungmaehwataryung. Golsaengwonjeon originated from the same proto-version as Maehwaga(매화가), but it came from a different mother version from that of Maehwaga Golsaengwonjeon is more original and later than Maehwaga. The words of Ganreungmaehwataryung sung in the late 19th century were written in longhand, which became Golsaengwonjeon. The originality of Golsaengwonjeon is shown in the following four points; (1) various new events and anecdotes which are not found in Maehwaga appear in Golsaengwonjeon. (2) The phenomena of scene maximization are intensified. (3) Various songs are newly inserted. (4) Caricaturalization and vulgarization of Golsaengwon are greatly built up. And most of them are transformed, and adfusted to the context of Ganreungmaehwataryung under the influence of Chungyangga(춘향가).

『昇平曲』 연구

김석배 慶北大學校 退溪硏究所 2005 退溪學과 韓國文化 Vol.- No.36

본고는 필자가 최근에 발굴한 안민영의 개인가집인 『승평곡』의 전반적인 성격을 연구한 것이다. 특히 『승평곡』에 수록된 안민영의 序를 통해 승평계의 구성원들이 구체적으로 밝혀짐으로써 19세기 후기의 가곡사 이해에 크게 기여할 수 있게 되었다. 본고에서 논의한 바를 간략하게 정리하면 다음과 같다. 『승평곡』은 최정해 씨가 소장하고 있는 필사본으로 안민영이 1873년 4월에 열린 진작의식을 경축하기 위해 개최한 승평계의 풍류회를 자축하기 위해 5월 하한에 만든 안민영의 친필사본 개인가집이다. 여기에는 안민영의 자작 시조시 12수가 가곡창의 순서대로 수록되어 있는데 당시의 가곡풍류회에서 연창된 가곡 중에서 자신의 작품만 골라 수록한 것이다. 안민영의 서는 『승평곡』의 서(1873년)가 가장 먼저 작성되었고, 『해동악장』의 서(1876년), 『금옥총부』의 서(1880년) 순으로 작성되었다. 그리고 『해동악장』의 서는 『승평곡』의 서를 바탕으로 다듬었고, 『금옥총부』의 서는 『승평곡』과 『해동악장』의 서를 바탕으로 새로 다듬은 것이다. 승평계는 맹주인 박효관과 운영책임자인 안민영을 비롯하여 풍류객그룹, 가객그룹, 기악연주자그룹, 여항시인그룹, 기녀그룹, 기악반주자그룹 등 다양한 그룹으로 구성되었는데, 그것은 가곡이 관현악 반주를 필요로 하기 때문이다. 승평계 구성원은 출신성분과 승평계에서의 역할과 위상도 다르지만 모두 당대에 자기 분야에서 이름을 날리던 자들이다. 박효관과 안민영은 승평계의 주역이었고, 음률에 밝은 중인계층의 풍류객그룹은 후원자로서 승평계 운영 및 풍류판에 소요되는 경비의 일부를 부담하였으며, 가곡창에 뛰어난 가객그룹은 가곡창을 하였고, 기악명인인 기악 연주자그룹은 가곡 반주에 필요한 거문고·가야금·대금·생황·양금 등을 연주하였다. 그리고 여항시인그룹은 가곡창에 필요한 시조시 창작에 일조하였을 것이고, 기녀그룹은 각종 진연의식의 정재여령으로 승평계 풍류판에서 가곡창을 하거나 정재를 하였으며, 기악반주자그룹은 오군영 세악수 출신으로 가곡반주에 필요한 피리·대금·해금 등을 연주하였다. The purpose of this study is to explore the overall characteristics of 『Seungpyeonggok』, Ahn Min-young's private collection of silos recently found out. Through the preface to 『Seungpyeonggok』 written by Ahn, the members of the Seungpyeonggye Group, whom we were not clearly aware of, have been revealed, which can contribute to the history of gagok in the late 19th century. The results of the study are as follows: 1. 『Seungpyeonggok』 is Ahn Min-young's private collection of sijos to celebrate an outdoor party of the Seungpyeonggye Group in May 1873. It contains Ahn's 12 self-written sijos which were selected from among a lot of gagoks sung at the party. 2. The preface to 『Seungpyeonggok』 affected the introduction of 『Haedongakjang』 (1876), which also had an effect on the foreword of 『Geumokchongbu』(1880). 3. The Seungpyeonggye Group was composed of its leader Park Hyo-gwan, its coordinator, Ahn Min-young, and other small groups such as that of men of taste, poets, gagaeks, instrument players, gisaeng, and accompanists and so forth. Their social standings, and roles were different, but each of them were well-known in his field at that time. The group of men of taste donated some money for the operation of the Seungpyeonggye Group and its outdoor parties. The group of gagaeks sang gagok and that of instrument players played geomungo, gayageum, saenghwang, yanggeum, etc. The poet group wrote poems for the gagok. The group of gisaeng sang gagok and danced. The accompanist group played piri, daegeum, haegeum, etc.

0.2% 불화나트륨 용액으로 5년간 양치한 초등학교 아동의 영구치 우식증 예방효과

손석환,이재화,김지영,김진범 대한구강보건학회 2003 大韓口腔保健學會誌 Vol.27 No.2

Supervised weekly fluoride mouthrinsing(FMR) program with 0.2 percent neutral sodium fluroide solution has been implemented at primary schools in Pusan, Korea since 1995 to prevent the prevalent dental caries. Children of sixth grade in 2000 who had joined the weekly FMR program at four primary school in Pusan with a 0.2 percent sodium fluoride solution for five years from first grade in 1995 to fifth grade in 1999 were selected as experimental group. Children of sixth grade in 2000 who had not joined the FMR program until sixth grade and had not drunk fluoridated pulic water at two primary schools in the Bukgu(Norhtern) District of Ulsan were selected as control group. Samples were 295 in FMR group and 312 in control group. To estimate caries preventive effect, epidemiologic dental survey was performed at the schools of FMR and control group in 2000 for 11-year-old children. The surveyed data were analyzed with SPSS statistical package. The obtained results were as follws. 1. Children who experienced caries on permanent teeth were 71.2% in FMR group and 83.3% in control group. 12.1% of DMF rate decreased in FMR group compared to control group. 2. The DMFT scores were 2.68 in FMR group and 3.29 in control group. The difference of DMFT scores was 0.61 between fluoride mouthrinsing group. The caries reduction rate from 5-year FMR program was calculated as 18.5% by the difference of DMFT scores between FMR group and control group. 3. The DMFS scores were 4.04 in FMR group and 5.05 in control group. The difference of DMFS scores was 1.01 between FMR group and control group. The caries reduction rate from 5-year FMR program was calculated as 20.0% by the difference of DMFS scores between FMR group and control group. 4. Significant Caries Index of permanent teeth was 5.46 in FMR group and 6.02 in control group. 5. We suggest that fluoride mouthrinsing program should be developed to all primary schools to prevent dental caries.