On the Left and Right Almost Hyperideals of LA-Semihypergroups

Shah Nawaz,Muhammad Gulistan,Nasreen Kausar,Salahuddin,Mohammad Munir 한국지능시스템학회 2021 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL of FUZZY LOGIC and INTELLIGE Vol.21 No.1

In this paper, we define left almost hyperideals, right almost hyperideals, almost hyperideals, and minimal almost hyperideals. We demonstrate that the intersection of almost hyperideals is not required to be an almost hyperideal, but the union of almost hyperideals is an almost hyperideal, which is completely different from the classical algebraic concept of the ideal theory.

Photostability evaluation of Jawarishe Jalinoos

Shahnawaz, Shahnawaz,Rahman, Khaleequr,Sultana, Arshiya,Sultana, Shabiya Cellmed Orthocellular Medicine and Pharmaceutical 2021 셀메드 (CellMed) Vol.11 No.4

Jawarishe Jalinoos (JJ) is an orally used formulation available in semisolid dosage form, prepared with powdered plant materials mixed in honey or sugar syrup. It has many admirable pharmacological effects and used in Unani medicine to treat various acute and chronic disorders since ancient times. The ICH Harmonised Tripartite Guideline stated that photostability testing should be an essential part of stability testing to confirm that light exposure does not result in an unacceptable change in drugs substance and finished products. To date, the effect of light on JJ is not studied, in this study photostability evaluation of JJ was carried out. The test sample was manufactured with genuine ingredients in the in-door pharmacy of the National Institute of Unani Medicine. JJ was packed in two transparent polyethylene terephthalate airtight containers. The first sample was analysed at zero-day and the second sample was placed in a stability chamber subjected to light challenge with an overall illumination of 1.2 million lux hours combined with near ultraviolet energy of 200-watt hours per square meter by using option 2, along with 30±2℃ temperature and relative humidity 70±5%. Analysis of both finished products showed no considerable changes in organoleptic characters. Less than 5% variation was observed in physicochemical parameters. HPTLC fingerprinting showed justifiable variation. Microbial load and specific counts were within the limit prescribed by WHO. As no unacceptable changes were noted in JJ subjecting to light challenge, it is concluded that JJ is a photostable Unani compound formulation.

Arsenic Removal from Water Using Various Adsorbents

Shahnawaz Sinha,Gary Amy,Yeo Min Yoon,Nam Guk Her 대한환경공학회 2011 Environmental Engineering Research Vol.16 No.3

The equilibrium and kinetic adsorption of arsenic on six different adsorbents were investigated with one synthetic and four natural types (two surface and two ground) of water. The adsorbents tested included magnetic ion exchange resins (MIEX), hydrous ion oxide particles (HIOPs), granular ferric hydroxide (GFH), activated alumina (AA), sulfur modified iron (SMI), and iron oxide-coated microsand (IOC-M), which have different physicochemical properties (shape, charge, surface area, size, and metal content). The results showed that adsorption equilibriums were achieved within a contact period of 20 min. The optimal doses of adsorbents determined for a given equilibrium concentration of Ceq = 10 μg/L were 500 mg/L for AA and GFH, 520-1,300 mg/L for MIEX, 1,200 mg/L for HIOPs, 2,500 mg/L for SMI, and 7,500 mg/L for IOC-M at a contact time of 60 min. At these optimal doses, the rate constants of the adsorbents were 3.9, 2.6, 2.5, 1.9, 1.8, and 1.6 1/hr for HIOPs, AA, GFH, MIEX, SMI, and IOC-M, respectively. The presence of silicate significantly reduced the arsenic removal efficiency of HIOPs, AA, and GFH, presumably due to the decrease in chemical binding affinity of arsenic in the presence of silicate. Additional experiments with natural types of water showed that, with the exception of IOC-M, the adsorbents had lower adsorption capacities in ground water than with surface and deionized water, in which the adsorption capacities decreased by approximately 60-95%.

Highly efficient gold nanorods assisted laser phototherapy for rapid treatment on mice wound infected by pathogenic bacteria

M. Shahnawaz Khan,Mukesh L. Bhaisare,Judy Gopal,Hui-Fen Wu 한국공업화학회 2016 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.36 No.-

Treatment of wound infection is one of the most challenging problems to be addressed in infectiouslymicrobiological world. This is mainly due to the pathogen’s ability for fast mutation and generatingseverely antibiotic resistance to antimicrobial treatment. Pathogens causing wound infection treated byphotothermal methods can avoid drug resistance problem. Beside, rapid and highly effective woundtreatment method in modern medical technology is extremely required. Therefore, we have proposed anovel method by using gold nanorods (Au NRs) to assist the Nd-YAG laser (1064 nm) for photothermalkilling pathogenic bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa) for directly healing the wound infection on the(albino) mice. In all experiments, the bacteria numbers were calculated by the plate count method andwe also used MALDI-MS to evaluate the effectiveness of the treatment and the physiological condition ofwound infection. The current approach can be used to control severe skin infections from antibioticresistant pathogens in wounds.

Conservation status, species composition, and distribution of Avian Community in Bhimbandh Wildlife Sanctuary, India

Mohd. Shahnawaz Khan,Anjana Pant 국립중앙과학관 2017 Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity Vol.10 No.1

Birds are among the best indicators of environmental changes. Given the significance of birds for conservation planning and environmental assessments, there is a need to develop a better ecological understanding of avian community structure. In southeast Asia, the association among tropical birds with their habitat is poorly studied. To investigate the influence of different habitats on the avifauna, we studied the composition of local bird communities along habitat gradients characterized by environmental factors such as vegetation type and extent of anthropogenic pressure, using the open-radius point count method. This is the first attempt to document the status, composition, and distribution of avifauna in Bhimbandh Wildlife Sanctuary, Bihar, India. A total of 147 avian species belonging to 58 families and 20 orders were recorded during the study. It was found that the forest range Lakhisarai, with 50% of habitat heterogeneity, supports the highest avian density (6,428 individuals/km2) in the sanctuary, whereas the lowest bird density was recorded from the Munger forest range i.e. 3,847 individuals/km2, which also has the least habitat heterogeneity (i.e. 20%). The forest range Dharara (p = 0.006), and habitat categories degraded bamboo forest (p = 0.005) and forest edge with cultivation (p < 0.001) were found to support significantly higher bird diversity. Birds are among the best indicators of environmental changes. Given the significance of birds for conservation planning and environmental assessments, there is a need to develop a better ecological understanding of avian community structure. In southeast Asia, the association among tropical birds with their habitat is poorly studied. To investigate the influence of different habitats on the avifauna, we studied the composition of local bird communities along habitat gradients characterized by environmental factors such as vegetation type and extent of anthropogenic pressure, using the open-radius point count method. This is the first attempt to document the status, composition, and distribution of avifauna in Bhimbandh Wildlife Sanctuary, Bihar, India. A total of 147 avian species belonging to 58 families and 20 orders were recorded during the study. It was found that the forest range Lakhisarai, with 50% of habitat heterogeneity, supports the highest avian density (6,428 individuals/km2) in the sanctuary, whereas the lowest bird density was recorded from the Munger forest range i.e. 3,847 individuals/km2, which also has the least habitat heterogeneity (i.e. 20%). The forest range Dharara (p = 0.006), and habitat categories degraded bamboo forest (p = 0.005) and forest edge with cultivation (p < 0.001) were found to support significantly higher bird diversity.

High Expression and Stability of Amyloid Beta Peptide Fused to D-ribose Periplasmic Protein

Arjun Thapa · Mohammad Shahnawaz · Il-Seon Park 조선대학교 의학연구원 2007 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.32 No.2

.

High Expression and Stability of Amyloid Beta Peptide Fused to D-ribose Periplasmic Protein

Thapa, Arjun,Shahnawaz, Mohammad,Park, Il-Seon 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 2007 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.32 No.2

Highly expressed, easily purifiable fusion protein is an important tool for the higher expression and easier purification of foreign proteins or peptides in E. coli. Such fusion partners also protect target proteins or peptides from precipitation, degradation or inactivation. Of the most important, efficiency of the fusion partner varies upon the nature of the target. To select the stable fusion partner for the production of difficult peptides, E. coli thermostable proteins were screened and identified. Highly overexpressed D-ribose periplasmic protein (RbsB) surviving upon boiling for 10 minutes was chosen for the expression of amyloid beta (Aβ) which is well-known for its lower expression and aggregation in normal physiological environment during purification process. Aβ_(1-42) was expressed in high amount as fusion to RbsB and subsequently accumulated in the insoluble fraction. Fusion protein was readily solubilized in urea and found to be stable for months at 4℃ following the efficient renaturation process. These observations suggest that in addition to its high level of expression, the quite stable nature of RbsB may assist in maintaining the proper folding of the fused targets in vitro and this property may be useful for the expression of antigenic sequences of proteins or peptides to produce the antibody.

Purification of inclusion body-forming peptides and proteins in soluble form by fusion to Escherichia coli thermostable proteins.

Thapa, Arjun,Shahnawaz, Md,Karki, Pratap,Raj Dahal, Giri,Sharoar, Md Golam,Yub Shin, Song,Sup Lee, Jung,Cho, Byungyun,Park, Il-Seon Eaton Pub. Co 2008 Biotechniques Vol.44 No.6

<P>Proteins and peptides expressed in the prokaryotic system often form inclusion bodies. Solubilization and refolding procedures can be used for their recovery, but this process remains difficult. One strategy for improving the solubility of a protein of interest is to fuse it to a highly soluble protein. To select a suitable fusion partner capable of solubilizing the aggregation-prone (inclusion body-forming) proteins and peptides, Escherichia coli thermostable proteins were identified and tested. Among them, trigger factor (TF) protein was selected because of its high expression and stability. Using an expression system based on fusion to TF, selected proteins and peptides that otherwise form inclusion bodies were expressed in soluble state and were purified like other soluble proteins. This system provides a convenient method for production of aggregation-prone proteins and peptides.</P>

A Smooth LVRT Control Strategy for Single-Phase Two-Stage Grid-Connected PV Inverters

Furong Xiao,Lei Dong,Shahnawaz Farhan Khahro,Xiaojiang Huang,Xiaozhong Liao 전력전자학회 2015 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.15 No.3

Based on the inherent relationship between dc-bus voltage and grid feeding active power, two dc-bus voltage regulators with different references are adopted for a grid-connected PV inverter operating in both normal grid voltage mode and low grid voltage mode. In the proposed scheme, an additional dc-bus voltage regulator paralleled with maximum power point tracking controller is used to guarantee the reliability of the low voltage ride-through (LVRT) of the inverter. Unlike conventional LVRT strategies, the proposed strategy does not require detecting grid voltage sag fault in terms of realizing LVRT. Moreover, the developed method does not have switching operations. The proposed technique can also enhance the stability of a power system in case of varying environmental conditions during a low grid voltage period. The operation principle of the presented LVRT control strategy is presented in detail, together with the design guidelines for the key parameters. Finally, a 3 kW prototype is built to validate the feasibility of the proposed LVRT strategy.

Risk Management Policy of Telecommunication and Engineering Laboratory

Abdul Salam Shah,Muhammad Fayaz,Asadullah Shah,Shahnawaz Shah 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Hybrid Information Techno Vol.9 No.4

The Telecommunication laboratory plays an important role in carrying out research in the different fields like Telecommunication, Information Technology, Wireless Sensor Networks, Mobile Networks and many other fields. Every Engineering University has a setup of laboratories for students particularly for Ph.D. scholars to work on the performance analysis of different Telecommunication Networks including WLANs, 3G/4G, and Long Term Evolution (LTE). The laboratories help students to have hand on practice on the theoretical concepts they have learned during the teachings at the university. The technical subjects have a practical part also which boosts the knowledge of students and learning of new ideas. The Telecommunication and Engineering laboratories are equipped with different electronic equipment’s like digital trainers, simulators etc. and some additional supportive devices like computers, air conditioners, projectors, and large screens, with power backup facility that creates the perfect environment for experimentation. The setup of Telecommunication and Engineering laboratories cost huge amount, required to purchase equipment, and maintain the equipment. In any working environment risk factor is involved. To handle and avoid risks there must be risk management policy to tackle with accidents and other damages during working in the laboratory, may it be human or equipment at risk. In this paper, we have proposed a risk management policy for the Telecommunication and Engineering laboratories, which can be generalized for similar type of laboratories in engineering fields of studies.