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A New Orthogonal Signal Generator with DC Offset Rejection for Single-Phase Phase Locked Loops
Huang, Xiaojiang,Dong, Lei,Xiao, Furong,Liao, Xiaozhong The Korean Institute of Power Electronics 2016 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.16 No.1
This paper presents a new orthogonal signals generator (OSG) with DC Offset rejection for implementing a phase locked loop (PLL) in single-phase grid-connected power systems. An adaptive filter (AF) based on the least mean square (LMS) algorithm is used to constitute the OSG in this study. The DC offset in the measured grid voltage signal can be significantly rejected in the developed OSG technique. This generates two pure orthogonal signals that are free from the DC offset. As a result, the DC offset rejection performance of the presented single-phase phase locked loop (SPLL) can be enhanced. A mathematical model of the developed OSG and the principle of the adaptive filter based SPLL (AF-SPLL) are presented in detail. Finally, simulation and experimental results demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed AF-SPLL.
A New Orthogonal Signal Generator with DC Offset Rejection for Single-Phase Phase Locked Loops
Xiaojiang Huang,Lei Dong,Furong Xiao,Xiaozhong Liao 전력전자학회 2016 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.16 No.1
This paper presents a new orthogonal signals generator (OSG) with DC Offset rejection for implementing a phase locked loop (PLL) in single-phase grid-connected power systems. An adaptive filter (AF) based on the least mean square (LMS) algorithm is used to constitute the OSG in this study. The DC offset in the measured grid voltage signal can be significantly rejected in the developed OSG technique. This generates two pure orthogonal signals that are free from the DC offset. As a result, the DC offset rejection performance of the presented single-phase phase locked loop (SPLL) can be enhanced. A mathematical model of the developed OSG and the principle of the adaptive filter based SPLL (AF-SPLL) are presented in detail. Finally, simulation and experimental results demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed AF-SPLL.
A Smooth LVRT Control Strategy for Single-Phase Two-Stage Grid-Connected PV Inverters
Furong Xiao,Lei Dong,Shahnawaz Farhan Khahro,Xiaojiang Huang,Xiaozhong Liao 전력전자학회 2015 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.15 No.3
Based on the inherent relationship between dc-bus voltage and grid feeding active power, two dc-bus voltage regulators with different references are adopted for a grid-connected PV inverter operating in both normal grid voltage mode and low grid voltage mode. In the proposed scheme, an additional dc-bus voltage regulator paralleled with maximum power point tracking controller is used to guarantee the reliability of the low voltage ride-through (LVRT) of the inverter. Unlike conventional LVRT strategies, the proposed strategy does not require detecting grid voltage sag fault in terms of realizing LVRT. Moreover, the developed method does not have switching operations. The proposed technique can also enhance the stability of a power system in case of varying environmental conditions during a low grid voltage period. The operation principle of the presented LVRT control strategy is presented in detail, together with the design guidelines for the key parameters. Finally, a 3 kW prototype is built to validate the feasibility of the proposed LVRT strategy.
A Smooth LVRT Control Strategy for Single-Phase Two-Stage Grid-Connected PV Inverters
Xiao, Furong,Dong, Lei,Khahro, Shahnawaz Farhan,Huang, Xiaojiang,Liao, Xiaozhong The Korean Institute of Power Electronics 2015 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.15 No.3
Based on the inherent relationship between dc-bus voltage and grid feeding active power, two dc-bus voltage regulators with different references are adopted for a grid-connected PV inverter operating in both normal grid voltage mode and low grid voltage mode. In the proposed scheme, an additional dc-bus voltage regulator paralleled with maximum power point tracking controller is used to guarantee the reliability of the low voltage ride-through (LVRT) of the inverter. Unlike conventional LVRT strategies, the proposed strategy does not require detecting grid voltage sag fault in terms of realizing LVRT. Moreover, the developed method does not have switching operations. The proposed technique can also enhance the stability of a power system in case of varying environmental conditions during a low grid voltage period. The operation principle of the presented LVRT control strategy is presented in detail, together with the design guidelines for the key parameters. Finally, a 3 kW prototype is built to validate the feasibility of the proposed LVRT strategy.
High-resolution metabolomics of occupational exposure to trichloroethylene
Walker, Douglas I,Uppal, Karan,Zhang, Luoping,Vermeulen, Roel,Smith, Martyn,Hu, Wei,Purdue, Mark P,Tang, Xiaojiang,Reiss, Boris,Kim, Sungkyoon,Li, Laiyu,Huang, Hanlin,Pennell, Kurt D,Jones, Dean P,Rot Oxford University Press 2016 International journal of epidemiology Vol.45 No.5
<P><B>Background:</B> Occupational exposure to trichloroethylene (TCE) has been linked to adverse health outcomes including non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma and kidney and liver cancer; however, TCE’s mode of action for development of these diseases in humans is not well understood.</P><P><B>Methods:</B> Non-targeted metabolomics analysis of plasma obtained from 80 TCE-exposed workers [full shift exposure range of 0.4 to 230 parts-per-million of air (ppm<SUB>a</SUB>)] and 95 matched controls were completed by ultra-high resolution mass spectrometry. Biological response to TCE exposure was determined using a metabolome-wide association study (MWAS) framework, with metabolic changes and plasma TCE metabolites evaluated by dose-response and pathway enrichment. Biological perturbations were then linked to immunological, renal and exposure molecular markers measured in the same population.</P><P><B>Results:</B> Metabolic features associated with TCE exposure included known TCE metabolites, unidentifiable chlorinated compounds and endogenous metabolites. Exposure resulted in a systemic response in endogenous metabolism, including disruption in purine catabolism and decreases in sulphur amino acid and bile acid biosynthesis pathways. Metabolite associations with TCE exposure included uric acid (<I>β</I> = 0.13, <I>P</I>-value = 3.6 × 10<SUP>−5</SUP>), glutamine (<I>β</I> = 0.08, <I>P</I>-value = 0.0013), cystine (<I>β</I> = 0.75, <I>P</I>-value = 0.0022), methylthioadenosine (<I>β</I> = −1.6, <I>P</I>-value = 0.0043), taurine (<I>β</I> = −2.4, <I>P</I>-value = 0.0011) and chenodeoxycholic acid (<I>β</I> = −1.3, <I>P</I>-value = 0.0039), which are consistent with known toxic effects of TCE, including immunosuppression, hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity. Correlation with additional exposure markers and physiological endpoints supported known disease associations.</P><P><B>Conclusions:</B> High-resolution metabolomics correlates measured occupational exposure to internal dose and metabolic response, providing insight into molecular mechanisms of exposure-related disease aetiology.</P>