누르하치 시기 貳臣의 출현과 역할

정병진(Chong, Byung-Jin) 강원대학교 인문과학연구소 2019 인문과학연구 Vol.0 No.61

본 연구는 17세기 초반 동아시아 국제질서의 교체가 진행되는 가운데 등장한 貳臣에 대해 살펴보았다. 이신은 두 임금을 섬긴 신하란 의미로 당시 明의 신하로 복무하다가 後金에 투항해 살아간 자들을 지칭하는 용어이다. 후금이 요동을 점거하면서 이신은 다양한 역할을 수행했다. 누르하치는 遼東이라는 새로운 공간을 지배하기 위해 漢人에 대한 설득과 통제, 처벌의 집행, 변경 방비 등의 업무를 부과하였으며 그 성과는 모두 기록되어 관리되었다. 하지만 후금의 지배에 저항하는 한인의 이탈이 지속되면서 이신에 대한 기대는 실망과 질책으로 변하였다. 결국 누르하치는 자신을 외면한 요동의 한인을 대거 살해하고 근거지도 遼陽에서 瀋陽으로 후퇴해야 했다. 이런 모습은 한인과의 협력을 적극적으로 추진한 홍타이지 시기 國初의 잘못된 정책으로 인식되기도 했다. This study investigates about Erchen that appeared during the replacement of the international order in the early 17th century. Erchen refers to vassals that serve two kings and it is used as a collective term for those who served as vassals of the Ming Dynasty and then lived on by surrendering to the Later Jin. Once the Later Jin occupied Liaodong, the Erchen played various roles. In order to rule over the new territory called Liaodong, Nurhachi bestowed upon Han Chinese the jobs of persuasion, regulation, execution of punishment, change of defense, etc. and all of the achievements were recorded. However, with the continuation of Han Chinese breaking away from the rule of the Later Jin, the anticipations toward them turned to disappointment and reprimand. In result, Nurhachi slaughtered the Han Chinese of Liaodong who defied him and retreated the base from Liaoyang to Shenyang. This is perceived as a wrong policy for establishing a nation during the era of Huang Tai Ji who actively pursued cooperation with the Han Chinese.

Effects of Extrusion Conditions on Pasting Properties of Potato and Potato : Wheat Flour Mixture

Cha, Jae Yoon,Cho, Yong-Jin,Kim, Chong-Tai,Kim, Chul-Jin,Ng, P. K. W. 한국산업식품공학회 2003 산업 식품공학 Vol.7 No.2

The purpose of this study was to develop extrusion process of fresh potato and to study the effects of extrusion condition on the pasting properties of extruded potato products. The blend of pressed potato and wheat flour and pressed potatoes were extruded at different die exit temperatures (110-160℃) and screw speed of 100 rpm using a twin-screw extruder with conveying, high and low shear screw configuration. The viscosity-related parameters, such as peak viscosity, through, final viscosity, peak time, and pasting temperature of the feed materials and extruded products, were studied using a rapid visco analyzer (RVA). Their water solubility index (WSI) and water absorption index (WAI) were also studied. The peak viscosity, through, final viscosity, and peak time of pressed potato extrudates and potato-wheat flour mixture extrudates decreased as die exit temperature increased. The WSI and WAI of potato products increased as die exit temperature increased. When high shear screw configuration was used, the values of viscosity-related parameters were lower than those when low shear screw configuration was used. The potato-wheat flour mixture products obtained different degrees of depolymerization from fresh potatoes and wheat flour depending on die exit temperature and screw configuration.

어린이에서 수술 중 엎드린 자세와 누운 자세에서의 심박수변이도의 비교

김혜경,김종성,김성덕,김희수,염명걸,백진우 대한마취과학회 2001 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.41 No.4

Comparison of Heart Rate Variability between the Supine and Prone Plsition during General Anesthesia in Children Hee-Soo Kim, M.D., Jin-Woo Baik, M.D., Chong Sung Kim, M.D., Seong Deok Kim, M.D. Myung0Kul Yum, M.D.^*, and Hae Kyung Kim, M.D.^?? Department of Anesthesiology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University ^*Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Hanyang University ^??Department of Anesthesiology, College of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon, Korea Background: It is well known that the prone position affects hemodynamics. In this study, we investigate whether the prone position will affect the heart rate variability compard with the supine position. Methods: Sixty five pediatric patients were assigned to supine group (n = 36) and prone group (n = 29) according to position during surgery. The patients were indeced with thiopental and vecuronium and maintained with O_2-enflurane-N_2O. ECG data was collected for 15 minutes after saturation at the end tidal concentration of the inhalent agent. From the ECG data, power spectral analysis was performed and approximate entropy was calculated. Results: IN the prone group, low frequency power and ratio of low to high frequency power were lower and approximate entropy was higher than those in the supine group. Mean heart rate and blood pressure were no different between the two groups. Conclusions: IN the prone position, sympathetic autonomic activity and balance of the autonomic nervous system decreased. However the complexity of regulation of heart rate variability was maintained in the prone position. (Korean J Anesthesiol 2001; 41: 455~460)

자기 여자 유도 발전기의 최소 커패시턴스의 결정법

진충민,좌종근 濟州大學校 産業技術硏究所 2000 산업기술연구소논문집 Vol.11 No.1

This paper presents a simple method for determining the minimum value of capacitance required for initiating self excitation in three-phase self-excited induction generator. Based on the steady-state equivalent circuit model. this paper presents simple and direct method to find the minimum capacitance requirement under R-L load. Using the loop impedance and nodal admittance. the minimum capacitance is determined by self excitation condition. These computed values can be used to predict practically the minimum value of the terminal voltage required for self-excitation. To maintain a constant terminal voltage. a method for determining the frequency, terminal capacitance, and exciting reactance is also described.

자기 여자 유도 발전기의 최소 커패시턴스의 결정법

진충민,좌종근 제주대학교 산업기술연구소 2000 尖端技術硏究所論文集 Vol.11 No.1

This paper presents a simple method for determining the minimum value of capacitance required for initiating self excitation in three-phase self-excited induction generator. Based on the steady-state equivalent circuit model, this paper presents simple and direct method to find the minimum capacitance requirement under R-L load. Using the loop impedance and nodal admittance, the minimum capacitance is determined by self excitation condition. These computed values can be used to predict practically the minimum value of the terminal voltage required for self-excitation. To maintain a constant terminal voltage, a method for determining the frequency, terminal capacitance, and exciting reactance is also described.

대학생 자원봉사활동의 지속에 영향을 미치는 요인에 관한 연구

정진희 호남대학교 대학원 2008 호남대학교 대학원 논문집 Vol.6 No.-

The purpose of this study is to identify the factors affecting university student volunteers who attend university lectures of social service to continue their volunteer work, and find out measures by which the rapidly-increasing university student volunteers can continue their social service activities. For identifying the factors affecting university student volunteers who continue activities, the author divided the factors into the individual factors and university factors. In order to verify the research hypotheses, the 146 male and females students According to the logistic regression analysis, academical year and social responsibility and citizenship in the individual factors, contents of social service activities in the agency factors, and curriculum diversity of social service activities were variables affecting the students' continuing their social service activities. On the basis of the results of this study, the author presents proposals for effective management and encouragement of university student volunteers as follows: (1)the arrangement of university student volunteers in social service activities according to individual inclinations, (2) the establishment of social service department and the positioning of experts in universities, and (3) Promotion of university education and active support of university authorities. The results of this study may be used for promoting volunteer work of university student volunteers.

경식도 심초음파도의 Direct Planimetry를 이용하여 측정한 대동맥판 면적의 심박출량 및 좌심실 구출율의 변화에 따른 정확도

진승원,김종진,김희열,박지원,전두수,윤호중,박준철,노태호,채장성,김재형,홍순조,최규보 대한순환기학회 2000 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.30 No.8

심실 조기 수축의 발생 부위 및 연결 간격의 차이에 따른 혈역학적 변화

진승원,김재형,노태호,조은주,김희열,이만영,김종진,박준철,채장성,홍순조,최규보 대한순환기학회 1999 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.29 No.7

남제주군 육상 양식장에서의 소수력 발전시스템의 적용성

김도진,김태한,좌종근 제주대학교 공과대학 첨단기술연구소 2004 尖端技術硏究所論文集 Vol.15 No.1

The applicability of a small hydro-power system for water pollution treatment facilities is investigated at the fish farm in Nam Jeju. For this study, the present situations of the fish farm are examined, and the running problem of screen is found out. As a means of solving this, the small hydro-power system which runs with seawater of head tank is considered. In order to apply this system, the field examination is carried out by sampling methods. The flux and the gross head are measured from selected site at the fish farm, and available generating electric power is estimated by these data. From this result, it is turned out that there is a set up possibility of this system at the fish farm.

Flurbiprofen 함유 키토산 제제가 치은 섬유아세포에 미치는 영향

정종평,박윤정,이승진,유인철,최상묵 梨花女子大學校 藥學硏究所 1997 藥學硏究論文集 Vol.- No.6

The main goal of periodontal regeneration is to be achieved by epithelial exclusion, periodontal ligament cell activation or alveolar bone regeneration. The purpose of this study was to investigate on the physico-chemical and biological characteristics of biodegradable chitosan beads. Chitosan beads were fabricated by ionic gelation with sodium tripolyphosphate and they had the size in 300㎛ diameter. As therapeutic agent, flurbiprofen was incorporated into the beads by 10, 20% loading contents. The release of drugs from the chitosan beads was measured in vitro. Also, biological activity tests of flurbiprofen loaded chitosan beads including cytotoxicity test, ihhibition of IL-1β production, suppression to PGE_2 production, collagenase inhibition test, the ability of total protein synthesis, and tissue response were evaluated. The amount of flurbiprofen released from chitosan was 33-50% during 7 days. Minimal cytotoxicity was observed in chitosan beads. Flurbiprofen released from chitosan beads significantly suppressed the IL-1β production of monocyte, PGE_2 production and markedly inhibited collagenase activity. Meanwhile, flurbiprofen released from this system showed increased ability for protein synthesis. Throughout 4-week implantation period, no significant inflammatory cell infiltrated around chitosan bead and also fibroblast like cell types at the beads-tissue interface were revealed with gradual degradation of implanted chitosan beads. From these results, it was suggested that flurbiprofen loaded chitosan beads can be effectively useful for biocompatible local delivery system in periodontal regeneration.