Ameliorative effect of <i>Alnus japonica</i> ethanol extract on colitis through the inhibition of inflammatory responses and attenuation of intestinal barrier disruption <i>in vivo</i> and <i>in vitro</i>

Chi, Jin Hua,Kim, Young Ho,Sohn, Dong Hwan,Seo, Geom Seog,Lee, Sung Hee Elsevier 2018 BIOMEDICINE AND PHARMACOTHERAPY Vol.108 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract caused by high levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and epithelial barrier dysfunction. <I>Alnus japonica</I> Steud. (Betulaceae) has been used in traditional Asian medicine. However, the potential of <I>A. japonica</I> for the treatment of intestinal inflammation has not been investigated. This study investigated the effects of ethanol extract from <I>A. japonica</I> bark (AJE) on colonic mucosa injury in mice with dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis. Treatment with AJE ameliorated pathological damage and the histopathologic features of DSS-induced colitis. The administration of AJE also inhibits DSS-induced pro-inflammatory cytokines expression, including interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2. Notably, AJE administration attenuated the reduction of tight junction proteins, zonula occludens (ZO)-1 and occludin, in DSS-induced colitis. In addition, AJE increased heme oxygenase (HO)-1 expression and prevented DSS-induced apoptosis in colonic epithelial cells. Furthermore, <I>in vitro</I> studies demonstrated that AJE inhibits TNF-α-induced IL-8, IL-1β, and COX-2 expression in human intestinal epithelial HT-29 cells and <I>tert</I>-butyl hydroperoxide-induced reduction of ZO-1 and occludin expression in human intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cells. AJE-induced HO-1 protein expression was also found in both HT-29 and Caco-2 cells. Taken together, our findings demonstrated that AJE inhibits intestinal inflammation and protects against intestinal barrier disruption in mice with DSS-induced colitis <I>in vivo</I> and human intestinal epithelial cells <I>in vitro</I>. These results suggest that AJE might have beneficial effects for the treatment of IBD.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> AJE attenuates the severity of DSS-induced colitis mice. </LI> <LI> AJE suppresses expression of pro-inflammatory mediators in DSS-induced colitis mice. </LI> <LI> AJE protects intestinal barrier integrity in DSS-induced colitis mice. </LI> <LI> AJE increases HO-1 expression in mouse colonic epithelial cells. </LI> <LI> AJE inhibits inflammation and protects loss of TJ proteins of human IEC cells. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

A fast IMDCT algorithm for MPEG-2 AAC decoder

Hua-Jun Chi,Tae-Hoon Kim,Koon-shik Cho,Ju-Sung Park 대한전자공학회 2007 ITC-CSCC :International Technical Conference on Ci Vol.2007 No.7

This paper proposes a new IFFT(Inverse Fast Fourier Transform) algorithm, which is proper for IMDCT((Inverse Modified Discrete Cosine Transform) of MPEG-2 AAC(Advanced Audio Coding) decoder. The IFFT used in 2<SUP>N</SUP>-point IMDCT employ the bit-reverse data arrangement of inputs and N/4-IFFT to reduce the calculation cycles. We devised a new data arrangement algorithm of IFFT input and N/4ⁿ?¹-IFFT and can reduce multiplication cycles, addition cycles, and ROM size.

Sprachpolitik und Lehrerausbildung in Taiwan vor und nach 1987

Chi-hua Chu(추치화) 한독교육학회 2013 교육의 이론과 실천 Vol.18 No.3

In diesem Artikel wird versucht, die Beziehung zwischen Sprachpolitik und Lehrerausbilung in Taiwan zu erlautern. Historisch gesehen kann die Sprache der herrschenden Gruppe vor 1987 als Amtssprache bezeichnet werden. Nach 1987 werden die Muttersprachen in Taiwan wegen der Demokratisierung zuerst in den Schwerpunkt geruckt, dann aufgrund der Globalisierung die Sprachen von mächtigen Ländern. Die südostasiatishen Sprachen werden vernachlaßigt, obwohl die Frauen aus diesen Regionen mit den taiwanesischen Mannern verheiratet sind. Die Lehrerausbildung hat zur Realisierung der Sprachpolitik beigetragen. Im geringen Maße zeigt sie eine kritische Haltung gegenüber dieser Entwicklung der Sprachpolitik. 이 글에서는 대만의 언어교육정책이 변화해온 과정을 서술하고 있는바, 특히 언어정책과 교사양성의 관계에 초점을 맞추고 있다. 역사적으로 볼 때 1987년까지는 지배계층의 언어가 공식 언어로 사용되었다. 즉 1987년 이전 대만의 권위주의 정권은 언어교육 정책운용에서 소수민족 및 다문화사회로의 변화를 충분히 고려하지 않은 채 집권당의 정치적 이해관심에 따라 결정을 일삼았다. 언어정책과 교사양성이 정치권력에 의해 일방적으로 정해졌으며 민주시민교육이나 시대의 교육적 요구에 상응하지 못했다. 1987년 이후 민주화로 인해 소수민족의 모국어교육에 중점을 두게 되었으며 글로벌화에 따라 강대국의 언어에 중점을 둔 외국어교육이 강조되었다. 이러한 언어정책의 전환에 따라 다양한 소수민족들의 언어가 문화유산으로 간주되어 학교에서 가르치게 되었으며 그에 상응하는 교사교육이 뒤따르게 되었다. 그러나 언어정책의 변화에도 불구하고 다문화사회가 진행되는 과정에서 사회와 문화적 요구를 반영하는 다문화교육이 1987년 이후에나 시작되는 등 언어교육의 총체적 문제점을 보여 왔다. 동남아 국가에서 결혼이민을 온 사람들과 그 자녀 같은 소수자에 대한 모국어 및 문화교육에 대한 정책은 아직 지체된 상태에 있다. 그러므로 다문화 언어교육에 관한 한 대만은 아직 해결해야 할 정치적이고 교육학적 과제를 여전히 지니고 있다.

Maternal interpretation of caring for children with Biliary Atresia in Taiwan

Chi-Hua Lin,Tzu-Ying Lee,Chuen-Bin Jiang 한국간호과학회 2023 한국간호과학회 학술대회 Vol.2023 No.11

Oregonin inhibits inflammation and protects against barrier disruption in intestinal epithelial cells

Chi, Jin-Hua,Seo, Geom Seog,Lee, Sung Hee Elsevier 2018 INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY Vol.59 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P><B>Background and aims</B></P> <P>Oregonin, a major diarylheptanoid derivative isolated from <I>Alnus japonica</I>, exerts anti-inflammatory effects; however, little is known about the effect of oregonin in intestinal inflammation. The current study investigated the potential of oregonin for clinical applications in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and elucidated its underlying molecular mechanisms.</P> <P><B>Methods</B></P> <P>The anti-inflammatory effect of oregonin in tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)-stimulated human intestinal epithelial HT-29 cells was investigated. In addition, the protective effect of oregonin was determined against disruption of the intestinal barrier in <I>tert</I>-butyl hydroperoxide (<I>t</I>-BH)-stimulated human intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cells.</P> <P><B>Results</B></P> <P>Oregonin suppressed the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), IL-8, and IL-1β, and inhibited activation of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) in HT-29 cells stimulated with TNF-α. Oregonin increased heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression through the ERK1/2 and JNK-dependent signaling pathway, which contributed to the oregonin-mediated suppression of COX-2 expression in the HT-29 cells stimulated with TNF-α. Moreover, oregonin induced AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation. Knockdown of AMPK abolished the induction of HO-1 protein by oregonin and suppression of oregonin-mediated ICAM-1 and COX-2 expression in the HT-29 cells stimulated with TNF-α. Oregonin prevented the <I>t</I>-BH-induced increase in monolayer permeability through inhibition of the reduction in expression of zonula occludens-1 and occludin in Caco-2 cells. Targeting HO-1 by siRNA transfection attenuated the oregonin-mediated prevention of loss of tight junction proteins and increase in permeability.</P> <P><B>Conclusion</B></P> <P>The findings of this study suggest that oregonin is a potential candidate for treatment of IBD by preventing mucosal inflammation and barrier disruption.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Oregonin inhibits TNF-α-induced inflammation of intestinal epithelial cells. </LI> <LI> HO-1 mediates the anti-inflammatory activity of oregonin. </LI> <LI> Oregonin stimulates AMPK activation in intestinal epithelial cells. </LI> <LI> AMPK activation by oregonin is associated with HO-1 expression. </LI> <LI> HO-1 mediates protective role of oregonin against intestinal barrier disruption. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Identifying Post-translational Modification Crosstalks for Breast Cancer

Chi-Hua Tung,Pei-Wei Shueng,Yen-Wei Chu,Chi-Wei Chen,Chian-Ying Chen 한국정보과학회 2017 Journal of Computing Science and Engineering Vol.11 No.4

Post-translational modifications (PTMs) of proteins play substantial roles in the gene regulation of cell physiological functions and in the generation of major diseases. However, the majority of existing studies only explored a certain PTM of proteins, while very few have investigated the PTMs of two or more domains and the effects of their interactions. In this study, after collecting data regarding a large number of breast cancer-related and validated PTMs, a sequence and domain analysis of breast cancer proteins was carried out using bioinformatics methods. Then, protein-protein interaction network-related tools were applied in order to determine the crosstalks between the PTMs of the proteins. Finally, statistical and functional analyses were conducted to identify more modification sites of domains and proteins that may interact with at least two or more PTMs. In addition to exploring the associations between the interactive effects of PTMs, the present study also provides important information that would allow biologists to further explore the regulatory pathways of biological functions and related diseases.

Distal Mean Nocturnal Baseline Impedance Predicts Pathological Reflux of Isolated Laryngopharyngeal Reflux Symptoms

Hua-Nong Luo,Chen-Chi Wang,Ying-Cheng Lin,Chun-Yi Chuang,Yung-An Tsou,Ja-Chih Fu,Sheng-Shun Yang,Chi-Sen Chang,Han-Chung Lien 대한소화기 기능성질환∙운동학회 2023 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.29 No.2

Background/AimsDiagnosis of isolated laryngopharyngeal reflux symptoms (ILPRS), ie, without concomitant typical reflux symptoms (CTRS), remains difficult. Mean nocturnal baseline impedance (MNBI) reflects impaired mucosal integrity. We determined whether esophageal MNBI could predict pathological esophagopharyngeal reflux (pH+) in patients with ILPRS. MethodsIn this cross-sectional study conducted in Taiwan, non-erosive or low-grade esophagitis patients with predominant laryngopharyngeal reflux symptoms underwent combined hypopharyngeal multichannel intraluminal impedance-pH monitoring when off acid suppressants. Participants were divided into the ILPRS (n = 94) and CTRS (n = 63) groups. Asymptomatic subjects without esophagitis (n = 25) served as healthy controls. The MNBI values at 3 cm and 5 cm above the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) and the proximal esophagus were measured. ResultsDistal but not proximal esophageal median MNBI values were significantly lower in patients with pH+ than in those with pH– (ILPRS in pH+ vs pH–: 1607 Ω vs 2709 Ω and 1885 Ω vs 2563 Ω at 3 cm and 5 cm above LES, respectively; CTRS in pH+ vs pH–: 1476 vs 2307 Ω and 1500 vs 2301 Ω at 3 cm and 5 cm above LES, respectively, P < 0.05 for all). No significant differences of any MNBI exist between any pH– subgroups and healthy controls. The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve in the ILPRS group were 0.75 and 0.80, compared to the pH– subgroup and healthy controls (P < 0.001 for both), respectively. Interobserver reproducibility was good (Spearman correlation 0.93, P < 0.0001). ConclusionDistal esophageal MNBI predicts pathological reflux in patients with ILPRS.

MPEG-2 AAC 디코더를 위한 고속 IMDCT 알고리즘

지화준(Hua-Jun Chi),김태훈(Tae-Hoon Kim),조군식(Koon-shik Cho),박주성(Ju-Sung Park) 대한전자공학회 2007 대한전자공학회 학술대회 Vol.2007 No.7

This paper proposes a new IFFT(Inverse Fast Fourier Transform) algorithm, which is proper for IMDCT((Inverse Modified Discrete Cosine Transform) of MPEG-2 AAC(Advanced Audio Coding) decoder. The IFFT used in 2<SUP>N</SUP>-point IMDCT employ the bit-reverse data arrangement of inputs and N/4-IFFT to reduce the calculation cycles. We devised a new data arrangement algorithm of IFFT input and N/4<SUP>n+1</SUP>-IFFT and can reduce multiplication cycles, addition cycles, and ROM size.

Harm Avoidance is Correlated with the Reward System in Adult Patients with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: A Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study

Tsung-Hua Lu(Tsung-Hua Lu),Shih-Hsien Lin(Shih-Hsien Lin),Mei Hung Chi(Mei Hung Chi),Ching-Lin Chu(Ching-Lin Chu),Dong-Yu Yang(Dong-Yu Yang),Wei Hung Chang(Wei Hung Chang),Po See Chen(Po See Chen),Yen 대한정신약물학회 2023 CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE Vol.21 No.1

Objective: Hypoactivity in the reward system among patients with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a well-known phenomenon. Whether the activity in the reward pathway is related to harm avoidance, such as in sensitivity to punishment, is unclear. Evidence regarding the potential difference between ADHD patients and controls in terms of this association is scarce. Methods: Event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging was conducted on subjects performing the Iowa gambling test. Fourteen adults with ADHD and 14 controls were enrolled in the study. Results: Harm avoidance was found to be positively correlated with the activities of the bilateral orbitofrontal cortex and right insula in individuals with ADHD. A group difference was also confirmed. Conclusion: Understanding the roles of harm avoidance and brain activation during risk tasks is important.

BRI3 associates with SCG10 and attenuates NGF-induced neurite outgrowth in PC12 cells

Yan Hua Gong,Jing Wu,Hua Qiang,Ben Liu,Zhi Kai Chi,Tao Chen,Bin Yin,Xiao Zhong Peng,Jian Gang Yuan 한국생화학분자생물학회 2008 BMB Reports Vol.41 No.4