Promoter Analysis of Bombyx mori Nucleopolyhedrovirus Ubiquitin Gene

Xu’ai Lin,Yin Chen,Yongzhu Yi,Jie Yan,Zhifang Zhang 한국미생물학회 2008 The journal of microbiology Vol.46 No.4

The aim of this study was to analyze the characteristics of Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV) ubiquitin gene promoter and the effects of conserved motifs, such as TAAG, TATA, and CAAT, along with baculovirus enhancer homologous region 3 (hr3), on promoter activity. Ubiquitin gene of BmNPV was expressed during the late phase of virus infection. In the presence of viral factors, significant reduction of promoter activity was observed by deletion of -382 to -124 bp upstream of ATG. The fragment between -187 and -383 bp upstream of ATG, including distal TAAG, CAAT motif, and TATA box, could also drive expression of the reporter gene. The mutation of cis-elements TATA boxes and TAAG motifs significantly decreased the promoter’s activity, while CAAT mutations enhanced promoter activity by 2- or 3-fold, as compared with the native promoter. In the presence of BmNPV, hr3, both located downstream of the reporter gene of the same vector, and separate vector, could significantly enhance transcription activity of ubiquitin promoter as compared to the control. We concluded that BmNPV ubiquitin gene might be regulated by dual sets of promoter elements, where TAAG and TATA box may positively regulate the expression of ubiquitin, while CAAT motif functions as a negative regulator. Viral factor(s) play an important role in the co-activation of hr3 and promoter.

Effects of excessive Zn2+ ions on intrinsic magnetic and structural properties of Ni0.2Zn0.6Cu0.2Fe2O4 powder prepared by chemical coprecipitation method

Ailin Xia,Huanling Zhang 한국물리학회 2010 Current Applied Physics Vol.10 No.3

Zn(OH)2 is a kind of amphoteric compound. Therefore, for chemical coprecipitation method, the precipitation of Zn2+ ions may be incomplete if using NaOH as precipitator. In this study, single-phase powder specimens with a nominal composition Ni0.2Zn0.6Cu0.2Fe2O4 were prepared with chemical coprecipitation method, and the effects of excessive Zn2+ content (x, x = 3%, 5%, 7%, 9%) in working solution on intrinsic magnetic and structural properties were studied by vibrating sample magnetometer and X-ray diffractometer,respectively. It was found that the magnetization when Hm = 398 kA/m (5000 Oe) reached a maximum when x = 5%, and then decreased with the increase of x, which was attributed to the effect of different amount of Zn2+ in A sites on the A–B and B–B exchange interaction. Moreover, it was found that the lattice parameter was affected by the Zn2+ and Fe3+ ions due to their different ion radius to a certain extent.

Characteristics, mathematical modeling and conditional simulation of crosswind layer forces on square section high-rise building

Ailin Zhang,Shi Zhang,Xiaoda Xu,Yihui Fu,Giuseppe Piccardo 한국풍공학회 2022 Wind and Structures, An International Journal (WAS Vol.35 No.6

Wind tunnel experiment was carried out to study the cross-wind layer forces on a square cross-section building model using a synchronous multi-pressure sensing system. The stationarity of measured wind loadings are firstly examined, revealing the non-stationary feature of cross-wind forces. By converting the measured non-stationary wind forces into an energetically equivalent stationary process, the characteristics of local wind forces are studied, such as power spectrum density and spanwise coherence function. Mathematical models to describe properties of cross-wind forces at different layers are thus established. Then, a conditional simulation method, which is able to ex-tend pressure measurements starting from experimentally measured points, is proposed for the cross-wind loading. The method can reproduce the non-stationary crosswind force by simulating a stationary process and the corresponding time varying amplitudes independently; in this way the non-stationary wind forces can finally be obtained by combining the two parts together. The feasibility and reliability of the proposed method is highlighted by an ex-ample of across wind loading simulation, based on the experimental results analyzed in the first part of the paper.

Hydrothermal Hexagonal SrFe12O19 Ferrite Powders: Phase Composition, Microstructure and Acid Washing

Ailin Xia,Xuzhao Hu,Diankai Li,Lu Chen,Chuangui Jin,Conghua Zuo,Shubing Su 대한금속·재료학회 2014 ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LETTERS Vol.10 No.2

A series of hexagonal m-type SrFe12O19 ferrite powders were hydrothermally synthesized, and their phase composition, microstructure and magnetic properties before/after acid washing were studied. In the synthesis of these specimens, the atomic ratio of Fe/Sr (RF/S) in starting materials was set to 4, 5 and 12, respectively. When RF/S = 12, the specimen has morphology of round flat cakes, not typical hexagonal plate-like structure. The results of SEM images and XRD patterns indicate that the specimen with RF/S = 12 was mostly composed of Fe2O3. When RF/S = 4 or 5, the hexagonal plate-like SrFe12O19 ferrite powders were successfully synthesized with only a small quantity of Fe2O3 and SrCO3 impurities. It is also found that acid washing can eliminate the impurities in as-synthesized specimens effectively, and also change their topography, which enhances the saturation magnetization. However, the coercivity changed irregularly after acid washing, which is ascribed to the combination of the changed morphology, introduced stress and lattice defects.

Effect of gunryeong-tang on heart and kidney damage in diabetic mice model

AiLin Tai,Jung Joo Yoon,Byung Hyuk Han,Ho Sub Lee,Dea Gill Kang 한국실험동물학회 2022 한국실험동물학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2022 No.7

Toll-like Receptor 4 Deficiency Aggravates Airway Hyperresponsiveness and Inflammation by Impairing Neutrophil Apoptosis in a Toluene Diisocyanate-Induced Murine Asthma Model

Ailin Tao,Lihong Yao 대한천식알레르기학회 2020 Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research Vol.12 No.4

Purpose: Accumulating evidence has suggested that toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) is critically involved in the pathogenesis of asthma. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of TLR4 in toluene diisocyanate (TDI)-induced allergic airway inflammation. Methods: TLR4−/− and wild-type (WT) C57BL/10J mice were sensitized and challenged with TDI to generate a TDI-induced asthma model. B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) inhibitors, ABT-199 (4 mg/kg) and ABT-737 (4 mg/kg), were intranasally given to TDI-exposed TLR4−/− mice after each challenge. Results: TDI exposure led to increased airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR), granulocyte flux, bronchial epithelial shedding and extensive submucosal collagen deposition, which were unexpectedly aggravated by TLR4 deficiency. Following TDI challenge, TLR4−/− mice exhibited down-regulated interleukin-17A and increased colony-stimulating factor 3 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), while WT mice did not. In addition, TLR4 deficiency robustly suppressed the expression of NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 and NLR family CARD domain containing 4, decreased caspase-1 activity in TDI-exposed mice, but had no effect on the level of high mobility group box 1 in BALF. Flow cytometry revealed that TDI hampered both neutrophil and eosinophil apoptosis, of which neutrophil apoptosis was further inhibited in TDI-exposed TLR4−/− mice, with marked up-regulation of Bcl-2. Moreover, inhibition of Bcl-2 with either ABT-199 or ABT-737 significantly alleviated neutrophil recruitment by promoting apoptosis. Conclusions: These data indicated that TLR4 deficiency promoted neutrophil infiltration by impairing its apoptosis via up-regulation of Bcl-2, thereby resulting in deteriorated AHR and airway inflammation, which suggests that TLR4 could be a negative regulator of TDI-induced neutrophilic inflammation.

Pretreatment Effects of Regular Aerobic Training on the IGF System and Hepatotoxicity Induced by Doxorubicin in Rats

Alishahi, Ailin,Roshan, Valiollah Dabidi,Hedayyati, Mehdi Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.12

Aims: To examine the pretreatment effects of regular aerobic training on the IGF system (IGF-I, IGFBP-3 and IGF/IGFBP) and doxorubicin(DOX) induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Materials and Methods: Forty-eight male rats were divided into groups:(1) control+placebo (2) $control+DOX_{10}mg{\cdot}kg^{-1}$ (3) $control+DOX_{20}mg{\cdot}kg^{-1}$ (4) training+placebo (5) $training+DOX_{10}mg{\cdot}kg^{-1}$ (6) $training+DOX_{20}mg{\cdot}kg^{-1}$. Hepatotoxicity was induced by DOX with dosages of 10 and 20 $mg{\cdot}kg^{-1}$. The rats in groups 4, 5 and 6 performed treadmill running of 25-54 min/day and 15-20 m/min, 5 days/wk for 6 wks. At the end of the aerobic training protocol, rats in the 1 and 4 groups, in the 2 and 5 groups and in the 3 and 6 groups received saline solution, $DOX_{10}mg{\cdot}kg^{-1}$ and $DOX_{20}mg{\cdot}kg^{-1}$, respectively. Results: Administration of $DOX_{20}mg{\cdot}kg^{-1}$ caused a significant increase in IGF-1 and IGF-1/IGFBP-3, an insignificant decrease in IGFBP-3, as compared to the control+placebo group. However, after six weeks of aerobic training and DOX treatment with $10mg{\cdot}kg^{-1}$ and or/ $20mg{\cdot}kg^{-1}$ an insignificant decrease in IGF-1, an insignificant increase in IGFBP-3 and a significant decrease in IGF-1/IGFBP-3 were detected, in comparison to $C+DOX_{10}$ and $C+DOX_{20}$. Conclusions: Hepatotoxicity of doxorubicin is dose-dependent and pretreatment with regular aerobic training may improve DOX-induced hepatotoxicity by up-regulation of IGFBP3.

The Progress of Decellularized Scaffold in Stomatology

Zeng Ailin,Li Huiru,Liu Jianguo,Wu Mingsong 한국조직공학과 재생의학회 2022 조직공학과 재생의학 Vol.19 No.3

The oral and maxillofacial region contains oral organs and facial soft tissues. Due to the complexity of the structures and functions of this region, the repair of related defects is complicated. Different degrees of defects require different repair methods, which involve a great combination of medicine and art, and the material requirements are extremely high. Hence, clinicians are plagued by contemporary oral repair materials due to the limitations of bone harvesting, immune rejection, low osteogenic activity and other problems. Decellularized extracellular matrix has attracted much attention as a bioactive scaffold material because of its nonimmunogenic properties, good osteogenic properties, slow release of growth factors, promotion of seed cell adhesion and maintenance of stem cell characteristics. This article reviews the sources, preparation methods, application and research progress of extracellular matrix materials in the repair of oral and maxillofacial defects to provide an overview for fundamental research and clinical development.

Marginal microleakage of cervical composite resin restorations bonded using etch-and-rinse and self-etch adhesives: two dimensional vs. three dimensional methods

Maryam Khoroushi,Ailin Ehteshami 대한치과보존학회 2016 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.41 No.2

Objectives: This study was evaluated the marginal microleakage of two different adhesive systems before and after aging with two different dye penetration techniques. Materials and Methods: Class V cavities were prepared on the buccal and lingual surfaces of 48 human molars. Clearfil SE Bond and Single Bond (self-etching and etchand- rinse systems, respectively) were applied, each to half of the prepared cavities, which were restored with composite resin. Half of the specimens in each group underwent 10,000 cycles of thermocycling. Microleakage was evaluated using two dimensional (2D) and three dimensional (3D) dye penetration techniques separately for each half of each specimen. Data were analyzed with SPSS 11.5 (SPSS Inc.), using the Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests (α = 0.05). Results: The difference between the 2D and 3D microleakage evaluation techniques was significant at the occlusal margins of Single bond groups (p = 0.002). The differences between 2D and 3D microleakage evaluation techniques were significant at both the occlusal and cervical margins of Clearfil SE Bond groups (p = 0.017 and p = 0.002, respectively). The difference between the 2D and 3D techniques was significant at the occlusal margins of non-aged groups (p = 0.003). The difference between these two techniques was significant at the occlusal margins of the aged groups (p = 0.001). The Mann-Whitney test showed significant differences between the two techniques only at the occlusal margins in all specimens. Conclusions: Under the limitations of the present study, it can be concluded that the 3D technique has the capacity to detect occlusal microleakage more precisely than the 2D technique.

Influence of ZnFe2O4 substitution on the microstructural and magnetic properties of M-type Sr0.1Ca0.4La0.5Fe12O19 hexagonal ferrites

Xiubin Zhao,Ailin Xia 한양대학교 청정에너지연구소 2023 Journal of Ceramic Processing Research Vol.24 No.4

The M-type ferrite Sr0.1Ca0.4La0.5Fe12O19 magnetic powders with different ZnFe2O4 substitution amounts (Rm, 0, 1%, 3%, 5%,7%, and 9%) were obtained using a ceramic process. The structure of specimens were examined by using an X-raydiffractometer. All the specimens exhibited a typical single-phase hexagonal M-type structure, and the particles in specimenswere uniformly distributed in size. The VSM study indicated the specimen with Rm=9% had the maximum saturationmagnetization of 70.22 emu/g, and the residual magnetization and the coercivity of specimens increased firstly and decreasedlater with the increase of Rm. The specimen with Rm=3% exhibits the best comprehensive magnetic properties.