Paenibacillus donghaensis JH8에서 세포외 Xylanase의 특성

임채성,오용식,노동현,Lim, Chae-Sung,Oh, Yong-Sik,Roh, Dong-Hyun 한국미생물학회 2011 미생물학회지 Vol.47 No.1

Xylanase is a class of enzymes that hydrolyze the linear polysaccharide ${\beta}$-1,4-xylan into xylose. This enzyme is applied in the process of paper making and may be used for the process of biofuel production in the future. The Paenibacillus donghaensis JH8, isolated from Donghae deepsea sediment and reported as a novel bacterium, was known to degrade xylan and its xylanase was characterized in this study. The enzyme was maximally induced in the presence of 0.1% xylan. The production of xylanase was started at early logarithmic phase and reached about 55 miliunit at stationary phase of growth. The optimal temperature and pH of extracellular xylanase were found to be $40^{\circ}C$ and pH 6.0, respectively. The activity of xylanase was inhibited by the presence of $Ca^{2+}$, $Mn^{2+}$, $Fe^{2+}$, $Cu^{2+}$, $Al^{3+}$ or EDTA, and activated by $K^+$, $Ag^+$ or DTT. This xylanase was stable at $40^{\circ}C$ for 120 min, but lost almost their activity in 30 min at $60^{\circ}C$. Zymography analysis of concentrated culture supernatant revealed one major band at 42 kDa and two faint bands at 68 and 120 kDa. Xylanase는 선형복합다당인 ${\beta}$-1,4-xylan을 xylose로 가수분해하는 효소의 한 종류이며, 종이제조공정에 응용되고 미래에 바이오 연료의 생산에 사용 될 수 있다. 동해 심층 퇴적물로부터 신종세균으로 보고된 Paenibacillus donghaensis JH8은 배지중의 xylan을 분해한다고 알려져 있으며, 여기에서는 이 효소의 특성을 조사하였다. 효소는 0.1% xylan 존재에서 최고로 유도되었으며, xylanase의 생산은 초기 대수성장기에 효소를 생산하기 시작하여, 정지기에서 약 55 miliunit에 도달하였다. 세포외성 xylanase의 최적온도와 pH는 각각 $40^{\circ}C$와 pH 6.0이였다. Xylanase의 활성은 $Ca^{2+}$ 및 $Mn^{2+}$, $Fe^{2+}$, $Cu^{2+}$, $Al^{3+}$, EDTA의 존재에 의해 억제되었고, $K^+$, $Ag^+$, DTT에 의해 활성화되었다. 이 xylanase는 $40^{\circ}C$에서 120분간 활성을 유지하며 안정하였지만, $60^{\circ}C$에서는 30분에서 거의 모든 활성을 잃어버리는 특성을 보여주었다. 농축된 배양 상등액의 zymography 분석시 42 kDa의 주 밴드와 68과 120 kDa에 두 개의 아주 희미한 밴드를 나타내었다.

말채나무 추출물의 ${\alpha}-amylase$ 저해 활성

임채성,이춘영,김용무,이위영,이해익,Lim, Chae-Sung,Li, Chun-Ying,Kim, Yong-Mu,Lee, Wi-Young,Rhee, Hae-Ik 한국응용생명화학회 2005 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.48 No.1

${\alpha}-Amylase$ 저해제는 소장에서 전분의 소화를 저해하여 포도당의 흡수를 지연시킴으로써 혈당 조절 목적으로 이용된다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 ${\alpha}-amylase$ 저해제를 탐색할 목적으로 국내 자생 목본류 약 1400여종의 70% ethanol 추출액을 대상으로 ${\alpha}-amylase$ 저해제 분포를 검색하였다. 수종의 목본류에서 ${\alpha}-amylase$ 저해제가 분포하고 있음이 확인되었으며, 그 중 활성이 비교적 높은 말채나무 기원의 저해제를 대상으로 연구를 진행하였다. 기원별 효소에 따른 저해 활성도를 살펴보면 salivary와 pancreatic ${\alpha}-amylase$, 미생물 기원의 ${\alpha}-glucosidase$에는 탁월한 저해 활성을 보인 반면 돼지 기원의 ${\alpha}-glucosidase$ 저해제에 대해서는 매우 낮은 저해 활성을 보였다. ${\alpha}-Amylase$와 ${\alpha}-glucosidase$의 kinetic을 분석하면 salivary와 pancreatic 두 효소에 모두 경쟁적 저해제로, 효모의 ${\alpha}-glucosidase$에는 비경쟁적과 반경쟁적의 혼합형 저해제로 나타났다. 또한 열과 산성에 대한 안정성을 확인한 결과 비교적 안정적인 것으로 나타났다. 본 추출물의 식이 섭취에 따른 혈당 강하 효과와 체중에 미치는 영향에서는 혈당과 체중 상승을 억제하는 효과가 확인되었고, mRNA수준에서 대퇴근 세포에 있어서 GLUT4의 발현이 증가됨을 확인하였다. ${\alpha}-Amylase$ inhibitor is used to control blood glucose level by inhibiting starch digestion in the small intestine and delaying the absorption of glucose. In this study, we investigated the effect of the ethanol extracts from more than 1400 species of plants against ${\alpha}-amylase$ with the aim of developing a new ${\alpha}-amylase$ inhibitor. In the results, Cornus walteri extracts showed the highest inhibition activity. The inhibitory effect of Cornus walteri extract on the carbohydrate hydrolysis enzymes has different sensitivities against ${\alpha}-amylase$ from salivary and pancreatin and against ${\alpha}-glucosidase$ from yeast and porcine small intestine. In the study of inhibition kinetics of ${\alpha}-amylase$ and ${\alpha}-glucosidase$, Cornus walteri extract showed competitive inhibition against salivary and pancreatin while showing the combination of uncompetitive and noncompetitive inhibition against ${\alpha}-glucosidase$. The Cornus walteri extract was stable at acidic and thermal conditions. As for the blood glucose and body weight levels of Cornus walteri extract, we confirmed anti-hyperglycemic and anti-obesity effects. Also, in the investigation of the mRNA lever, Cornus walteri extract upregulated the level of GLUT4 mRNA in the quadriceps muscle.

직접 변환 방식을 이용한 주파수 혼합기

임채성,김성우,최혁환,이명교,권태하,Lim Chae-sung,Kim Sung-woo,Choi Hyek-Hwan,Lee Myoung-kyo,Kwon Tae-ha 한국정보통신학회 2005 한국정보통신학회논문지 Vol.9 No.6

In this paper, Mixer using the direct-conversion method intended to use in front-end of a RF receiver is designed. The direct conversion Mixer is an alternative wireless receiver architecture to the well-established superheterodyne, particularly for high integration, low power, and low cost. It operates at 2.4GHz band, and is designed and simulated with a 0.35um CMOS technology and HSPICE simulator. Layout is implemented with a Mentor IC Station. The 2.4GHz CMOS Mixer employs a modified single-balanced Gilbert Cell with additional MOSFET in the output stages to improve IIP2, which is a standard of linearity in direct conversion receiver. Additional coversion-stages's transconductances are controlled by each MOSFET's physical properties. The HSPICE simulation results show that the 2.4GHz CMOS Mixer has voltage gam of 29dB, IIP2 of 63dBm, respectively. The Mixer also draws 3.5mA from a 3.3V supply. 본 연구에서는 RF 수신단에 적용할 수 있는 직접 변환 방식의 주파수 혼합기를 설계하였다. 직접 변환 방식의 주파수 혼합기는 기존의 헤테로다인 방식에 비해 고집적화가 가능하고 저전력 및 저가의 설계가 가능한 구조이다. 제안된 주파수 혼합기는 $0.35{\mu}m$ CMOS 공정을 이용한 2.4GHz대에서 동작하는 RF CMOS 주파수 혼합기로써, HSPICE를 이용하여 시뮬레이션 하였고, 레이아웃은 멘토사의 IC Station을 이용하여 수행하였다. 기본 single-balanced Gilbert Cell의 출력단에 추가 변환을 수행하였고, 각 변환단의 전달 컨덕턴스 값을 조절하여 결과적으로 출력단에 나타나는 2차 혼변조 성분이 differential 출력에 의해 충분히 개선되도록 하였다. 3.3V의 공급전압으로 29dB의 높은 전압이득을 얻었고 3.5mA의 전류소모가 발생하였다. 2차 혼변조 성분을 줄이기 위한 구조적인 변화를 통해 63dBm의 IIP2 값을 얻었다.

투과증발 분리막을 이용한 불산 폐액 내 원료물질 회수를 위한 농축 시스템

임채성 ( Chae-sung Lim ),정윤영 ( Yoon-yong Jung ),이성수 ( Sung-soo Lee ),심재훈 ( Jea-hoon Shim ),최승규 ( Seung-kyu Choi ),주천 ( Qian Zhu ) 한국폐기물자원순환학회(구 한국폐기물학회) 2018 한국폐기물자원순환학회 춘계학술발표논문집 Vol.2018 No.-

반도체 산업에서 발생되는 고농도 폐액은 반도체 세정액으로 초고순도의 산용액을 사용하기 때문에 폐액이라고 하여도 일반 공업용 산용액에 비해 농도가 매우 높은 편에 속한다. 특히 반도체업계를 포함한 IT산업의 급속한 발달로 인하여 불산페액 발생량이 증가하는 추세를 보이고 있다. 규모에 따른 발생량을 추정해보면 국내 반도체 업계에서 연간 15,000ton의 불산폐액이 발생되고 LCD업계와 태양광산업에서 발생되는 불산폐액을 합산하면 국내 발생량은 약 50,000ton 정도로 예상된다. 또한 성장성과 경쟁력으로 볼 때 투자/매출 증가에 따른 폐액 발생 증가분을 예측해보면 향후 5년 내 현재 발생량의 약 2배에 이르게 될 전망이다. 발생된 불산 폐액은 일반적인 생물학적 처리가 불가능하며 현재 물리화학적 처리를 통해서 처리하고 있으나 재활용이 어렵고 2차폐기물이 발생하여 실용성이 떨어진다. 본 연구는 이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위해 반도체 업체에서 발생하는 불산폐액을 분리막을 이용한 투과증발 공정을 통해 수분을 분리하고 불산의 농도를 3배(약 20%, w/w)이상으로 농축을 가능케 하여 폐수 처리에 대한 부담을 줄였으며, 불산폐액에 포함된 이물질을 제거하기 위해 전처리로써 Activation Carbon과 제올라이트를 이용한 흡착법, Struvite 결정화 공법, 암모니아 stripping, 이온교환법을 이용하여 불산폐수 내 포함된 이물질의 제거를 꾀하였다.

말채나무 추출물의 α-amylase 저해 활성

임채성 ( Chae Sung Lim ),이춘영 ( Chun Ying Li ),김용무 ( Yong Mu Kim ),이위영 ( Wi Young Lee ),이해익 ( Hae Ik Rhee ) 한국응용생명화학회 2005 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.48 No.1

단백질분해효소를 생산하는 Pseudoxanthomonas sp. WD12와 WD32의 분리

조운동,이제관,임채성,박아름,오용식,노동현,Cho, Woon-Dong,Lee, Je-Kwan,Lim, Chae-Sung,Park, A-Rum,Oh, Yong-Sik,Roh, Dong-Hyun 한국미생물학회 2010 미생물학회지 Vol.46 No.1

생리 및 상업적 응용분야에서 중요한 위치를 차지하는 단백질 분해효소는 펩타이드 결합의 가수분해를 촉매한다. 단백질 분해효소를 생산하는 신규 균주를 분리하기 위하여 부패한 나무로부터 균을 분리하여 1% skim milk가 포함된 LB 배지에서 투명환의 생성 능력이 높은 두 균주 WD12와 WD32를 선발하였다. 선발균주의 동정을 위하여 16S rRNA gene의 염기서열을 결정한 후 GenBank 상에 등록된 서열들과 상동성을 조사한 결과, WD12는 Pseudoxanthomonas mexicana와 97.8%, WD32는 99.8%의 상동성을 보여주었다. 계통적 유연관계를 조사한 결과 이들 균들은 P. mexicana와 P. japonensis와 cluster를 형성하였다. WD12와 WD32는 그람 음성 간균으로 catalase와 oxidase 활성을 보였다. WD12의 경우 P. mexicanna와 달리 malate를 동화할 수 있었으며, D-mannose를 동화할 수 없었다. 두 균주의 최적 단백질 분해효소를 생산하는 온도는 $35-37^{\circ}C$로 나타났으며, 최대활성은 WD12가 656 unit/ml, WD32가 267 unit/ml을 나타내었다. Proteases catalyze hydrolytic cleavage of a peptide bond between amino acids and occupy pivotal positions in application in physiological and commercial fields. During the screening for novel bacteria producing extracellular protease, two bacterial strains, WD12 and WD32, were isolated from rotten trees and they made clear zone on LB plates supplemented with 1% skim milk. The similarities of 16S rRNA gene sequence of either WD12 or WD32 to GenBank database showed the highest to Pseuoxanthomonas mexicana as 97.8 and 99.8%, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis showed that both isolated was located within the cluster comprising P. mexicana and P. japonesis. WD12 and WD32 were catalase- and oxidase-positive, Gram-negative rod strains. In case of WD12, it could assimilate malate, but could not assimilate D-mannose, which were different characteristics from P. mexicana. Both Pseuoxanthomonas sp. WD12 and WD32 optimally produced extracellular protease at $35-37^{\circ}C$, and maximal activity showed as 656 unit/ml and 267 unit/ml, respectively.

‘식물의 한살이`` 단원에서 속성배추를 활용한 뇌기반 진화적 접근법이 초등학생의 흥미에 미치는 영향

김소영 ( Kim So Young ),임채성 ( Lim Chae Seong ),김성하 ( Kim Sung Ha ),홍준의 ( Hong Juneuy ) 한국초등과학교육학회 2016 초등과학교육 Vol.35 No.3

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effects of elementary science instruction applying a Brain-Based Evolutionary (ABC-DEF) approach using Rapid-cycling Brassica rapa (RcBr) on the interests of elementary school students. For this study, two elementary school classes in Seoul and one elementary school class in Gyeonggi-do were selected. Comparison group received instruction using textbook and teacher’s guidebook. A class taught using only brain-based evolutionary approach is experimental group A, and a class taught through brain-based evolutionary approach using RcBr is experimental group B. In order to analyze the quantitative differences about the interests of students, three kinds of test were administered to the students: ‘Applied Unit Related Interests’, ‘Follow-up Interests’ and ‘Interests in the observation material’. To get more information, qualitative data such as portfolios and interviews were analyzed. The major findings are as follows. First, for the test of applied unit-related interests, a statistically significant difference was found between comparison group and experimental group A, and between comparison group and experimental group B. As the results of interviews, the students have shown that the intensified exploration activities on plant in Brain-Based Evolutionary approach applied to experimental groups A and B had a positive effect. Second, for test of follow-up interests, we classified the students’ follow-up interests into three types: extended-developed-deepened (EDD) type, simply expanded-maintained (SEM) type, and stopped or decreased (SD) type. Both experimental group A and experimental group B showed the highest percentage of EDD. Also, observation journal applying the evolutionary process (DEF) showed a positive effect on the students`` interest. Comparison group showed the highest percentage of SEM. Third, for test of applied interests in the observation material, a statistically significant difference was found between comparison group and experimental group A, and comparison group and experimental group B. Experimental group B using RcBr showed the highest average score, while experimental group A showed a higher score than comparison group. Based on these findings, educational implications of Brain-Based Evolutionary approach and using RcBr are discussed.

인지적 영역 중심의 뇌기반 진화적 접근법을 적용한 초등 과학 수업에서 학생들의 과학 창의성 분석

옥찬미 ( Ok Chanmi ),임채성 ( Lim Chae-seong ),김성하 ( Kim Sung-ha ),홍준의 ( Hong Juneuy ) 한국초등과학교육학회 2016 초등과학교육 Vol.35 No.4

A brain-based evolutionary approach developed by reflecting the brain functions and authentic science is consisted of Affective, Behavioral, and Cognitive domains, and within each domain the processes of Diversifying, Evaluating, and Furthering are proceeded (ABC-DEF). Two core components of creativity of originality and usefulness are inherent in each step. So, this study analyzed scientific creativity with the originality and usefulness components in cognitive domain, which is composed of diversifying the meanings inherent in the results of observations or experiments (C-D), evaluating the meanings (C-E), and furthering (C-F) in learning of `World of Plants` unit which includes two topics of `Plants on Land` and `Plants in Water and Special Environment`. A total of 20 fourth grade students at Y elementary school in Gyeonggi province participated in the study. The main results of this study are as follows. First, the scientific creativity in step C-D (Diversifying stage) was assessed according to the scientific creativity assessment formula. The scores of scientific creativity were quite different with topics and showed different pattern in the originality and usefulness components. Second, when the students compare and evaluate the values of each meaning (C-E stage), they weighed more on usefulness than originality, such as “because it is useful” or “because it solve many everyday problems”. Third, the overall scores of scientific creativity in step C-F (Furthering stage), as compared with those of step C-D, were low and showed decrease in the average scores of originality from 9.8 to 7.5 points, whereas increase in the average scores of usefulness from 5.4 to 6.1 points. In conclusion, these results showed that, even though the levels were not so high, the students, as scientists, can exhibit the scientific creativity in the processes of diversifying, comparing and evaluating, and applying the meanings about the results obtained by observations or experiments. The specific and various strategies to help students express their potential scientific creativity more effectively need to be developed.

부산시 중심지체계 설정과 계층별 특성에 관한 연구

이광국(Lee Kwang-Kug),임채성(Lim Chae-Sung),윤시운(Yoon Si-Woon) 대한국토·도시계획학회 2001 國土計劃 Vol.36 No.3

행동적 영역 중심의 뇌기반 진화적 접근에 따른 "식물의 뿌리 기능 알아보기"에 대한 초등학생들의 활동 분석

최효선 ( Hyo Son Choi ),임채성 ( Chae Seong Lim ),김성하 ( Sung Ha Kim ),홍준의 ( Juneuy Hong ) 韓國生物敎育學會 2016 생물교육 Vol.44 No.1

This study aimed at investigating the feasi-bility of brain-based evolutionary approach in the elementary school science classroom, which is based on the nature of scientists`` activities, so that the science classroom could go beyond the cookbook style activities. In this study, the fifth graders were participate in the activities designed to suggest various methods to find out the functions of plants`` roots, select the most appropriate one, and then extend the selected one, which was correspond to the behavioral domain of the brain-based evolutionary approach. This study examined how the students diversify the methods, what criteria were used to choose the appropriate one, and how extend the selected one. The main results of this study are as follows: First, while listing the methods for scientific inquiry on the functions of plants`` roots, the students preferred the experiment type to investigation. However, some students felt difficulties in coming up with the various methods. The students who suggested only one method were at the lower level of the attitude toward the topic and inquiry process. Second, the students relied more on emotional aspects rather than rational reasoning while making decision on the appropriate inquiry method. They put their priority on the convenience of inquiry as a typical criterion of selecting the method. Third, the students were not good at extending or applying their methods. Many of the students proposed the easily expected outcomes that were adequate only to their chosen method. In conclusion, the students showed lower performance in coming up with various ways of inquiry, comparing them, and applying or extending the selected inquiry method. They might be biased toward the fixed nature of scientific knowledge because they have usually performed cookbook style activities in the classroom. Therefore, students should be guided to experience the nature of scientists`` activities through the brain-based evolutionary inquiry.