질감을 이용한 차량모델 인식 알고리즘

이효종,Lee Hyo Jong 한국정보처리학회 2005 정보처리학회논문지B Vol.12 No.3

The number of vehicles are rapidly increased as our society is developed. The vehicle recognition has been studied for a while because many people acknowledged it has critical functions to solve the problems of traffic control or vehicle-related crimes. In this paper a novel method is proposed to recognize vehicle models corresponding makers. Vehicles' models are recognized based on the texture parameters from segmented radiator region above a number plate. A three-layer neural network was built and trained with the texture features for recognition. The proposed method shows $93.7\%$ of recognition rate and $99.7\%$ of specificity for vehicles' model. 사회가 발전하면서 자동차의 수요도 세계적으로 급증하고 있다. 교통제어나 차량에 연관된 범죄 둥을 해결하는데 자동차의 인식 기술이 중요하기 때문에 이에 관련된 번호판 인식이나 교통량 측정에 관한 연구는 오래 전부터 수행되어왔다. 본 논문에서는 주행차량의 제조회사와 차량 모델을 인식하는 방법을 제시하였다. 차종의 인식은 차량 전면부 영역의 질감을 이용하여 인식하였다. 번호판 상단의 라디에이터 영역에서 질감 특징자를 추출하여 신경망을 통한 차종별 학습을 시켜서 인식을 시도하였다. 제안 알고리즘에서 차종의 정인식은 $93.7\%$, 이종차량의 감별은 $99.7\%$로 양호하게 나타났다.

객체지향 프로그래밍 기법에 의한 원격학습도구의 개발

이효종,Lee, Hyo-Jong 한국정보처리학회 2000 정보처리논문지 Vol.7 No.11

세계적으로 급속히 발전하고 있는 웹(WWW) 기술은 원격학습의 새로운 기회를 인터넷을 통하여 제공하고 있다. 가상 교육 또는 원격 교육 운영에 관한 일부 실험에 관한 성공적인 보고도 나와있다. 웹은 다른 네트워크 도구와 병합하여 원격으로 떨어진 학습자들에게 대화형 학습을 할 수 있는 가상 교실을 생성할 수 있음을 연구하였다. 전자우편, 다자참여 학습보드, 뉴스그룹, 또는 화상회의 같은 원격 학습 도구의 표준에 관한 필요 사항들을 연구하고, 자바 프로그래밍 언어와 객체지향 프로그래밍 기법을 이용하여 이들 학습 도구들을 개발하였다. 객체지향 프로그래밍을 통하여 개발되는 코드의 내구성, 확장성 및 재활용성을 증가시킬 수 있었다. 이들 도구를 활용하여 개발된 시스템은 교사와 학생, 또는 학생들 간에 상호작용을 허용하여 실질적인 원격 교육 시스템에 사용 될 수 있음을 알 수 있었다. The rapidly developing World Wide Web technology provides new opportunities for distance education over the internet. Several successful experiments about cyber educationor distance leanning have been reported. The Web when combined with other network tools can be used to create a virtual classroom to bring together a community of learners for interactive education. Requrements for standard tools for distance. Iearning, such as an electionic mail, a multiparheipant bcard newsgroup service and video conference tools have been investigated and implemented based on the object modeling technique useing java programming language. The object onented programming helps the developed codes maintain learning with allowed interactions either between instroctors and students or between students.

히스토그램 보간에 의한 영상 검색

이효종,Lee, Hyo-Jong 한국정보처리학회 2002 정보처리학회논문지B Vol.9 No.5

영상의 색상 정보는 비슷한 영상들의 유사도를 효과적으로 측정하는데 사용된다. 그러나, 색상정보의 크기는 영상 데이터베이스에서 효율적으로 다루기에는 너무나 방대하다. 본 논문에서는 히스토그램 보간법에 의하여 유사한 영상들을 검색하는 새로운 방법을 제시한다 알고리즘의 기본 원리는 색상 히스토그램의 분포를 이용하여 영상을 검색하는 기존 방법에서 출발한다. 그러나, 질의 영상과 대상 영상과의 유사도를 결정하는데 있어서 보간법에 의하여 히스토그램의 분포도를 간략화 시킨다는 근본적인 차이를 가지고 있다. 색상 히스토그램의 분포는 최적 차수의 다항식으로 보간되어서 표현되었다. 히스토그램의 분포가 보간된 후에는 저차원 다항식의 계수들만이 색상 구분자로서 데이터베이스에 저장되고 검색하는데 활용될 수 있다. 제안된 방법은 실제 영상들에 적용되었으며 만족할 만한 결과를 보여주고 있다. A set of color features has been efficiently used to measure the similarity of given images. However, the size of the color features is too large to implement an indexing scheme effectively. In this paper a new method is proposed to retrieve similar images using an interpolated color histogram. The idea is similar to the already reported methods that use the distributions of color histograms. The new method is different in that simplified color histograms decide the similarity between a query image and target images. In order to represent the distribution of the color histograms, the best order of interpolated polynomial has been simulated. After a histogram distribution is represented in a polynomial form, only a few number of polynomial coefficients are indexed and stored in a database as a color descriptor. The new method has been applied to real images and achieved satisfactory results.

Sodium Carboxymethylcellulose 및 Dextran 70을 이용한 유착형성 방지에 관한 연구 II. 유착자극후 Sodium Carboxymethylcellulose 및 Dextran 70의 투여가 토끼의 혈액상에 미치는 영향

이효종,최민철,강태영,박충생,Lee Hyo-Jong,Choi Min-Cheol,Kang Tae-Young,Park Choong-Saeng 한국임상수의학회 1993 한국임상수의학회지 Vol.10 No.2

The effectiveness of sodium carboxymethylcellulose(SCMC) and dextran 70 in the prevention of adhesion formation in abdominal cavity of rabbits following artificial injuries was elucidated and the effects -of these medicines on blood pictures were also examined. After abrasion treatment on jejunum in gonadotropins primed rabbits, 1, 2 and 3% of SCMC solutions, 6 and 10% dextran 70 solutions and a synthetic solution of 1% SCMC and loft dextran 70 in 0.9% saline solution were infused into the abdominal cavity. Four weeks later the abdominal cavities were reopened under general anesthesia. The synthetic solution showed the highest adhesion reduction rate(100%), while 1% SCMC, 6 and loft dextran solutions showed no significantly evident effect of adhesion prevention. The SCMC solutions showed better adhesion reduction effect than dextran 70 solutions. After infusion of these adhesion preventive medicines, the changes of total leucocytes, erythrocytes, lymphocytes, PCV, plasma fibrinogen and protein contents were examined. No remarkable difference in blood pictures was shown between the synthetic solution and the other medicines. Therefore, it can be suggested that the synthetic solution of 1% SCMC and 10% dextran 70 in 0.9% saline solution at dose of 5$m\ell$/kg of body weight is prominently effective in the prevention of postoperative adhesion formation and wolf be safe in animals and human.

신경망을 이용한 운행차량의 차종인식 연구

이효종,Lee, Hyo-Jong 대한전자공학회 2005 電子工學會論文誌-SP (Signal processing) Vol.42 No.4

The number of vehicles are rapidly increased as modern industrialization is developed worldwide. Vehicle recognition has been studied for a while because mmy People acknowledged it has critical functions to solve the problems of traffic control or vehicle-related crimes. In this paper a novel method is proposed to recognize vehicles' model corresponding makers in order to increase the efficiency of recognition. Texture features are computed from the frontal image of vehicles. A three-layer neural network was built and trained with the texture features for recognition. The proposed method shows 95$\%$ recognition rate for moving vehicles' models. 산업화가 활발히 이루어지면서 자동차의 수요도 세계적으로 급증하고 있다. 교통제어나 차량에 연관된 범죄 등에서 자동차의 인식에 관한 연구의 중요성 때문에 이에 관련된 연구는 오래 전부터 수행되어왔다. 본 논문에서는 이동차량의 인식 효율성을 높이기 위하여 제조회사별 차종을 인식하는 혁신적인 방법을 제시한다. 차종의 인식은 질감을 이용하여 인식하였다. 차량의 전면부는 모델별로 다르다는데 착안하여 운행차량의 전면부 영역에서 질감을 추출하였다. 획득한 질감 특징을 차종별로 3중신 경망에 학습을 시킨 후 인식을 시도하였다. 제안 알고리즘에서 차종의 인식은 95$\%$로 양호하게 나타났다.

반복핵이식에 의한 복제동물 생산에 관한 연구 III. 토끼에서 제3세대 복제수정란의 생산

이효종,전병균,윤희준,박충생,최상용,윤창현,강대진,Lee Hyo-jong,Jeon Byeong-gyun,Yin Xi-jun,Park Choong-saeng,Choe Sang-yong,Yun Chang-hyun,Kang Dae-jin 한국임상수의학회 1995 한국임상수의학회지 Vol.12 No.1

The recycling nuclear transplantation(NT) technique has the powerful potential of producing a large number of genetically identical embryos and offsprings from one embryo. Multiple generational cloning by this technique utilizes the NT embryo itself as the donor for the next generation of cloning. In this experiment, we have produced the third generational cloned embryos by recycling NT. Further we examined comparatively the electrofusion rate and in vitro developmental potential in the cloned embryos of the first second and third generations. The embryos of 16-cell stage were collected from the mated does by flushing oviducts with Dulberco's phosphate buffered saline containing 10 % fetal calf serum(FCS) at 47 hours after hCG injection. In the first generation NT, the nuclear donor embryos were synchronized in the phase of Gl/S transition of 32-cell stage. The first and second generation NT embryos developed to 16-cell were used as donor nuclei for second and third generation. The recipient cytoplasms were utilized the oocytes collected at 14 hours after hCG injection, following revoming the nucleus and the first polar body by micromanipulation. The separated blastomeres were injected into the enucleated recipient oocytes by micromanipulation and were fused by electrical stimulation. The electrofusion rate was seen to be 78.0, 88.0 and 90.3 % in the first second and third generation NT rabbit embryos, respectively. The fused oocytes were co-cultured with a monolayer of rabbit oviductal epithelial cells in M-199 solution containing 10 % FCS for 120 hours at 39$^{\circ}C$ in a 5% $CO_2$ incubator. The in vitro developmental potential to blastocyst stage was significantly(P<0.05) decreased in the third(7.2 %) generation NT embryos compared to the first(53.1 %) and second(16.1 %) generation NT embryos. Following in vitro development to blastocyst stage, they were stained with Hoechst 33342 dye for counting the number of blastomeres by fluorescence microscopy. The mean blastomere numbers and cell cycle numbers of NT embryos during the culture period were significantly(p<0.05) decreased in the second(93.9 cells and 6.55 cylces) and third(81.5 cells and 1.35 cylces) generation, compared to the first(189.9 cells and 7.55 cylces) generation.

생쥐 수정란의 분할조작후 생존성 향상에 관한 연구

이효종,박희성,김택석,최상용,박충생,Lee, Hyo-jong,Park, Hee-sung,Kim, Taeg-seog,Choe, Sang-yong,Park, Choong-saeng 대한수의학회 1989 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.29 No.2

Demi-embryos were successfully produced by bisection of ICR mouse embryos at preimplantation stages. They were microsurgically bisected using a microsurgical blade attached to a micromanipulator after pretreatment with 0.5% pronase in PBS for two minutes or not. Embryos with softened zona pellucida were more easily bisected and less damaged than intact embryos. The highest success rate in bisection has been achieved by selecting blastocysts(94.1% in success rate with intact blastocysts and 100% in success rate with zona softened blastocysts). Demi-embryos without zona pellucida were cultured in D-PBS or M-16 medium at $37^{\circ}C$, 5% $CO_2$ in air for 72 hours for 2-cell stage embryos, 48 hours for 4-to 8-cell stage embryos, 24 hours for morula stage embryos and 6~12 hours for blastocyst stage embryos. For the in vitro culture of 2-cell stage embryos, $100{\mu}M$ 2Na-EDTA was added to the media. M-16 medium was better for the in vitro development of mouse embryos than PBS, and PBS is not considered to be suitable for long-term culture of embryos, especially at early stage of cleavage. In M-16 medium, developing rate of demi-embryos of which pair underwent development to form eublastocysts was 15.8% at 2-cell stage, 16.8% at 4-cell stage, 38% at 8-cell stage, 89.6% at morula stage and 94.4% at blastocyst stage, respectively. The more rapid and efficient production of demi-embryos and higher viability after bisection can be expected by softening zona pellucida with pronase and by selecting morulae or blastocysts rather than embryos at early stage of cleavage.

고속 라우터에 대한 고찰(II)-STC104의 망 구성에 따른 성능분석

이효종,Lee, Hyo-Jong 한국정보처리학회 2001 정보처리학회논문지 A Vol.8 No.2

A simulation package has been developed as an event-driven system that can handle the hardware configuration of STC104 and algorithm proposed in the sister paper of ‘Study on High Speed Routers(II).’After various STC104 topology of meshes, torus, and hypercubes are constructed using up to 512 switches, the performance of each topology has been analyzed under different message generation rate in terms of throughputs, latency, and packet blocking time. Modified multicast algorithms for STC104 have been proposed for STC104 after U-mesh and U-torus in order to overcome the multicasting difficulty because of the point-to-point communication method found in STC104. The performance of the multicast algorithms have been analyzed over meshes and torus configuration. Throughput gets higher in the order of mesh, torus, and hypercube. Throughput difference among topology were distinctive in the zone of high message generation rate. Latency and blocking time increased in the order of hypercube, torus, and mesh. U-mesh and U-torus of software multicast showed similar throughput, however, U-mesh peformed slightly better result. These algorithms showed eight to ten times better results compared to individual message pass for 90 destination nodes. Multi-link environment also showed better performance than single-link environment because multi-link network used the extra links for communication.

미성숙 쥐 자궁에서 Tamoxifen의 Antiestrogen 효과에 관한 연구 : I. 세포질 내 및 핵 내 Estradiol 수용체 농도의 변화에 관하여

이효종,조충호,박무현,Lee, Hyo-jong,Jo, Choong-ho,Park, Moo-hyun 대한수의학회 1985 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.25 No.2

The Present study has been carried out to elucidate the antiestrogenic effects of tamoxifen in uteri of immature rats. Immature female Sprague-Dawley rats were allocated into 4, groups and injected with $5{\mu}g$ of estradiol-$17{\beta}$, $50{\mu}g$ of tamoxifen, a combination of both or vehicle only subcutaneously three times after an interval of 24 hours respectively. The concentrations, of cytosol estradiol receptor in uterus were measured by DCC method before and 1, 3, 6, 12, 24, 48 and 72 hours after the above treatments and those of nuclear estradiol were measured by protamine exchange method 72 hours and those of nuclear estradiol were measured by protamine exchange method 72 hours after the above treatments. The results obtained were summarized as follows: 1. The binding affinity of tamoxifen to estradiol receptor in uterine cytosol was lower than that of estradiol-$17{\beta}$, accordingly the translocation of estradiol receptor into the nucleus was found to be delayed. 2. Tamoxifen caused the retention of estradiol receptor in nucleus over 24 hours and inhibited the replenishment of the receptor from nucleus to cytosol in uterus.

생쥐 난자의 단위발생에 관한 연구 I. Ethanol 및 hyaluronidase처리에 의한 단위발생유기

이효종,하대식,강태영,최민철,Lee, Hyo-jong,Ha, Dae-sik,Kang, Tae-young,Choi, Min-cheol 대한수의학회 1992 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.32 No.4

This experiment was carried out to find out the best condition for the parthenogenetic activation of mouse eggs by treating ethanol and hyaluronidase. For the parthenogenetic activation of eggs with ethanol, cumulus cell enclosed or denuded eggs were treated with 7% ethanol in D-PBS for 5, 7 or 9 minutes. For the activation of eggs with hyaluronidase, the eggs with cumulus masses were released into D-PBS with 100 unit hyaluronidase and treated for 10, 12 or 13 minutes. All of the treated eggs were incubated in BMOC-3 solution for 5 hours at $37^{\circ}C$ at an atmosphere of 5% $CO_2$ in air. The types of parthenogenetic eggs were morphologically classified into haploid, diploid, immediate cleavage eggs under an inverted microscope. The results obtained in this experiment were summarized as follows ; 1. High activation rate(99%) had been achieved by treating the eggs with 7% ethanol for 7 minutes. 2. With 100 IU hyaluronidase, high activation rate (94%) had been achieved by treating for 12 minutes. 3. The most frequent type of parthenogenetic eggs activated with ethanol or hyaluronidase was haploid (p<0.05). 4. The eggs collected from 18 to 22 hours post HCG injection showed higher activation rate than the eggs collected at 16 hours post HCG injection. 5. No significant difference (p>0.05) in activation rate was shown in strain of mouse and in presence of cumulus cells.