강원대학교 석재복합신소재제품연구센터

조정식,이광래,유동석,강석원 강원대학교 석재복합신소재제품연구센터 1996 석재연 논문집 Vol.1 No.-

석회유의 탄산화반응에 의하여 생성되는 탄산칼슘의 결정화공정에 대한 정량적 해석을 위하여 개체군 수지식(population balance)을 이산화(discretization)하는 방법에 의해 반회분식 침전결정화기에서 생성된 탄산칼슘의 입도분포를 수치모사하여 실험치와 비교하였다. 수치모사에 의한 탄산칼슘의 입도분포는 실험치와 잘 일치하였으며, 응집이 입자크기에 의존(size-dependent agglomeration)한다고 가정한 경우가 응집이 입자크기와는 무관(size-independent agglomeration)하다고 가정한 경우보다 실험치에 더 근사한 결과를 보였다. 또한, 응집핵(agglomeration kernel)이 깨어짐핵(rupture kernel)보다 입도분포에 미치는 영향이 더 큰 것을 알 수 있었다. For the quantitative analysis of crystallization of calcium carbonate formed by carbonation of lime milk, PSD(particle size distribution) of the calcium carbonate, which is the carbonation product of lime milk, was numerically simulated by the method of discretization of population balance and compared with the experimental data of semi-batch precipitative crystallizer. The simulated PSD was well correlated with the experimental data. And the simulated results of PSD for size-dependent agglomeration were well-matched to the experimental data than for the size-independent agglomeration. Moreover, it was shown that agglomeration kernel had greater effects on PSD than rupture kernel.

減壓貯藏이 Tomato果實의 着色에 미치는 영향

趙來光,崔鍾旭,孫泰華 COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE KYUNGPOOK NATIONAL UNIVERSI 1984 慶北大農學誌 Vol.2 No.-

This experiment was conducted to observe the effect of subatmospheric pressure storage on the coloration of tomato fruits. Tomato fruits(Lycopersicon esculentum Kang Lyuk Misu), which were cultured on field, were havested at the mature green stage on June 16, 1976 and stored 10℃ under normal atmospheric pressure (NAP) and sub-atmospheric pressure (SAP). Furthermore, the treatment at SAP was subdivided into CO_(2) 0%(SAP-O), CO_(2) 5% (SAP-5) and CO_(2) 10%(SAP-10) concentration, respectively. The results obtained were as follows : The chlorophyll content was rapidly decreased for 10 days, whereas the content of chlorophyll in SAP treatment was retained 2㎎% after 40 days. The lycopene content in NAP-5 was 5㎎% after 20 days. On the other hand, that in SAP-10 was 3㎎% art after 40 days. The red color development was retarded for 30 days in SAP-10. Comparing with the formation of lycopene, that of carotene was less inhibited by storage conditions (carbon dioxide, temperature, pressure) and increased more slightly in SAP than in NAP. The ripening of tomato fruits in NAP was retarded for about 30 days as compared that in SAP. The intensity of respiration in SAP was weaker than that in NAP. Also the peak of respiration in SAP was delayed compared to that of NAP. The content of reducing sugar and titratable acidity in SAP were retained more than in NAP up to 30 days tested.

두개하악장애환자의 임상적 평가를 위한 컴퓨터적외선체열검사 : CLINICAL EVALUATION

조익주,홍정표,이상래 慶熙大學校 齒科大學 1995 慶熙齒大論文集 Vol.17 No.2

The purpose of this study was to assess the thermographic differences of craniomandibular area between normal indivisuals and patients with craniomandibular disorders and to compare the differences between clinical and thermographical assessment. The author had used 50 subjects as materials for this study, which was divided into 2 groups (first group included 15 healthy subjects and second group included 35 patients) with craniomandibular disorders; 17 subjects had normal disc-condyle relationship, 13 subjects had disc displacement with reduction and 5 subjects had disc displacement without reduction. Agema870 thermovision(D.I.T.I.) was used to take thenuographs with 0.1t difference of gradual temperature shift. The. results were as follows 1. Of 34'patients with craniofacial pain, 15(44.1%) subjects showed hyperthermia on the pain site in the theiniography, 8(23.5%) exhibited hyperthermia on the site opposed to the pain site, and 11(32.4%) did not show any significant thermal change. One patient without craniofacial pain showed hyperthermia on the site opposed to the site of disc displacement without reduction. 2. Of 35 patients with craniofacial pain or disc dispalcement, 24(68.6%) subjects showed a significant thermal difference between symptomatic and asymptomatic sides of the face, but 11(31.4%) did not show any difference. 3. Of 17 patients with pain but with normal disc-condyle relationship, 8(47.1%) subjects- showed hyperthermia on the pain site, 4(23.5%) showed on the site opposed to the pain site, and 5(29.4%) did not show any significant thermal change. 4. Of 13 patients with pain and disc dispacement with reduction, 6(46.2%) subjects showed hyperthermia on the pain site, 3(23.1%) showed on the site opposed to the pain site, and 4(30.8%) did not show any significant thermal change. 5. 15 healthy subjects did not show any thermal differences between the both sides of the face.

진폐진행정도에 따른 혈청내 구리와 아연 농도의 변동

박정래,박종욱,이수일,이철호,오차재,김창원,조병만,김돈균 大韓産業醫學會 2000 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.12 No.3

목 적 : 진폐증은 분진으로 인해 인체의 면역기전이 작용하여 폐섬유화가 진행되는 질환으로, 인체의 면역기전에 작용하는 구리와 아연은 진폐증의 병리적인 진행과정인 폐섬유화에 관여한다. 본 연구의 목적은 초기진폐증 유소견자와 진행된 진폐증 환자의 혈청 구리와 아연의 농도를 정상인과 비교함으로써 체내 구리와 아연의 농도가 진폐증의 섬유화의 진행정도에 따라 변동함을 밝히고, 이를 이용하여 폐섬유화의 진행정도를 추정할 수 있는 지표를 제시하고자 한다. 방 법 : 진폐정밀기관에 내원한 초진내 원자 100명과 진폐요양기관에 입원한 진폐증 환자 100명을 선정한 후 흥부사진소견을 ILO 분류법의 진폐진행정도에 따라 각각 세 군(Stage Vl, V2, V3 & Stage Pl, P2, P3)으로 구분한 후 각 군의 혈청구리와 아연의 농도를 비교분석하였다. 대조군으로는 폐결핵, 심근경색, 뇌경색을 경험한 적이 없는 일반인 100명을 선정하였다. 결 과 : 초진내 원자군의 혈청 구리농도는 섬유화의 진행단계에 따른 유의한 차이를 보였으며, Stage V3에서 가장 높았다. 입원환자군에서는 혈청 구리농도가 대조군과 유의한 차이를 보이지 않는데 (p=0, 152), 이는 입원환자의 불량한 영양상태와 건강상태 때문인 것으로 추정된다. 초진내원자군과 입원환자군의 혈청 아연농도는 섬유화의 진행에 따라 통계적인 차이를 보였으며, Stage V2와 Stage P2, P3에서 각각 대조군에 비해 유의하게 낮았다. 혈청 아연과 구리농도의 비또한 양군에서 섬유화의 진행에 따라 의미있게 높았는데, 섬유화가 현저히 진행된 단계 (Stage V3, Stage P2, P3)에서 대조군과 의미있는 차이를 보였다. 결 론 : 초진내 원자와 입원환자의 혈청 Cu/zrl 비는 섬유화의 진행정도가 현저할수록 대조군에 비해 유의하게 높게 나타났다. 진폐증 환자들의 혈청 Cu/zn 비는 진폐증의 폐섬유화의 진행정도를 추정함에 있어 상당히 유용한 지표로 이용될 수 있으며, 폐섬유화의 진행과정에서의 혈청 구리와 아연의 작용기전을 이용한 치료방법의 마련에도 도움이 될 것으로 판단한다. Objectives : Copper and Zinc, the trace elements of a living body, take a part in immunologic mechanism and induce the pulmonary fibrosis which is the pathologic progress of pneumoconiosis. This study was performed to assist the identification of the pathologic process of pulmonary fibrosis in pneumoconiosis. Methods : The subjects of thls study was 200 diagnosed persons as pneumoconiosis, of whom 700 persons was the visitors in the outpatients departments of pneumoconiosis and 100 admissive pneumoconiosis patients. The serum copper and zinc are measured and compared. Results : The mean serum copper concentration of visitor group was significantly higher than that of control group, and that of stage V3 subgroup of visitor group was highest because of their advanced fibrosis. But, there was not the difference of serum copper concentration between patient and control group. We thought that the reason was poor nutritional and health status of the patient. The mean of serum zinc concentration of visitor and patient control was lower than that of control group. As the degree of pulmonary fibrosis was more severe from stage Vl, V2, V3 of visitor to stage Pl, P2, P3 of patient, the mean of serum zinc concentration was lower. The ratio of serum copper/zinc of visitor and patient was higher than that of control, and that of patient was higher than that of visitor. Those results showed that the ratio of serum copper/zlnc ratio more greatly expressed the degree of progression of pneumoconiosis than only copper or zinc concentration by adjustment of nutritional and health status of the patient. Conclusions : As above study results, the degree of pulmonary fibrosis of pneumoconiosis could be estimated by means of serum copper/zinc ratio.

톨루엔 디이소시아네이트 폭로 근로자들의 작업방법에 따른 대사물질의 비교 및 면역능에 관한 연구

이수일,조병만,황인경,이철호,박정래 大韓産業醫學會 1998 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.10 No.3

Following recent advanced industrialization, the amount of polyurethane to use as thermal insulating materials, upholstery, mattresses and packing materials in automotive and furniture industry is increasing world-widely, and the number of polyurethane-producing worker will be increased. Because the numerous organic solvents are used in polyurethane-producing factory, the workers in this work site is exposed to many organic solvents. Of the organic solvents, Toluene Diisocyanate(TDI) has many hazardous effects to human. The effects of TDI on human are the irritation to respiratory mucosa and gastrointestinal symptoms. Conjunctival irritation, dermal inflammation (redness, pain, vesicular formation) and gastrointestinal symptom(nausea, vomiting. abdominal pain) are reported just after short-term exposure of TDI. TDI is known to give rise to bronchial asthma, as the immune disorder. And because of strongly volatile characteristics of TDI, it is suggested as a more injurious material to human health, especially human immune system, than other organic solvents. Bronchial asthma inducing mechanism of TDI is not clearly known, but on the analogy of TDI induced symptoms and recent studies, early-onset asthma is type I hypersensitivity reaction mediated by immunoglobulin E(IgE), and late-onset asthma is maybe type III hypersensitivity reaction by circulating IgG. And we know that the complicated human immune function is likely to move in such that mechanisms, there are not studies on immune indices evaluating the bronchial asthma-related immune function. The evaluation of change patterns of humoral immunity including IgE and IgG and cellular immunity including T-helper cell. T-suppressor cell and T-cytotoxic cell will be helpful to evaluate exposure degrees and prognosis in TDI exposed workers. Because TDA(toluene diamine) as a biological exposure index of TDI becomes the focus of interest, we know that a study on the correlation between urinary TDA and air TDI and immunological indices will make a contribution to biological effect monitoring indicies. We examined human immunity indicators such as WBC, %Lymph (percentile of Lymphocyte in WBC), %T-cell(percentile of T-lymphocyte in total lymphocyte). CD4, CD8, C3, C4, IgA, IgG, IgM, IgE in peripheral blood to evaluate the health hazard of the TDI-exposed workers. And we examined TDA to evaluate correlation between exposure and effect. Total 90 subjects was selected, 45 workers who worked in the polyurethane-producing factories as an exposed group, and 45 cases who were office workers(10 cases), other blue collors(27 cases), and medical college students(8 cases) as a control group. And the results were as follows; 1. The logarithm of IgE-Log10(IgE)±SD-in peripheral blood of a exposed group was significantly higher than a control group, 2.22 ±0.62 in case group compared with 1.98±0.53 in control group. (p<0.05) 2. IgA and IgM in the polyurethane-producing workers were 261.02±83.12㎎/㎗, 151.97 ±59.64 ㎎/㎗, respectively, and 292.77±100.45, 179.17±100.78 in control group. IgA and IgM was slightly lower in polyurethane-producing group than control.(p>0.05) 3. WBC, %Lymph. %T-cell, C3, C4, CD4, CD8, CD4/CD8 ratio and IgG in case group were 6.391.1 ea/㎖, 37.53 %, 59.54 %, 76.68 ㎎/㎗, 0.76×10(9) ea/L, 0.63×10(9) ea/L, 1.39, and 1606.29 ㎎/㎗, respectively, and 6,974.7 ea/㎖, 35.12 %, 59.64 %, 71.95 ㎎/㎗, 33.94 ㎎/㎗, 0.80×10(9) ea/L, 0.61×10(9) ea/L, 1.39, and 1581.51 ㎎/㎗ in control group. There was no statistical significance between two groups.(p>0.05) 4. In the comparison of each other companies, average of individual urinary TDA in polyurethane paint manufacturing companies is higher than that of polyurethane sponge foaming companies. And, the concentration of 2.6-TDA which is a metabolite of well-vaporized 2.6-TDI is higher than that of 2.4-TDA in the polyurethane sponge foaming companies. But, the concentration of 2.4-TDA which is a metabolite of illvaporized but well skin-absorbed 2.4-TDI is higher in polyurethane paint manufactures. 5. There were no statistical significance in the correlations between individual urinary TDA and immunologic indices.

왜율개선과 동거제어를 위한 이산제어에 의한 UPS의 제어에 관한 알고리즘의 구현에 관한 연구

박해암,조정래 광주보건대학 1994 論文集 Vol.19 No.-

Recently UPS(Uninterruptible Power Supply) systems are widly used in a variety of fields as a highly reliable power source. But most of an UPS has a dual structure using analog circuits, digital or micro-processor for PWM and phase synchronous controller. We present algorithm and technique using a discrete control even amplitude and synchronous for an UPS in this paper. The proposed system in this paper is composed of a ROM, an A/D converter, a CTC, and a control S/W. The amplitude controller consists of the ROM written modulation index from 0.75 to 0.99 of the PWM data and the A/D converter as an error voltage detector. A timmer and counter mode of the CTC is used a controller for a phase synchronous. We have simulated the algorithm and technique by using an IBM PC/386(40MHz) as a controller, and have obtained the lower distortion and the fast response on synchronous driving as a result. From this result, we recognized that the proposed algorithm and technique is able to apply for an UPS system using only discrete control. This has an advantage in a manufacturing system, because it is able to be used at a flexible and widly applicative operation range by an adjusting a control program.

Culex pipiens pallens의 난황단백질 합성에 관한 연구

강석희,박영민,조정래,문정희 성균관대학교 기초과학연구소 1987 論文集 Vol.38 No.2

Anautogenous한 모기인 한국산 집모기 Culex pipiens pallens의 난황단백질 합성에 대한 hormone 들의 효과를 조사하였다. 피를 먹지않는 c. pipines 암모기의 head extract를 decapitation한 Aedes atropalpus에게 주사하였을 때 난성숙이 재유발되었으며, 난성숙의 재유발 정도는 우화 후 주사시기가 지연될수록 증가하여 우화 후 24시간에 주사하였을 때 최고에 도달하였다. 피먹은 C. pipiens를 흡혈 즉시 decapitation 또는 abdominal ligation하여도 난성숙이 저지되지 않았다. 이러한 결과는 C. pipiens의 brain hormone은 헙혈 즉시 방축되기 시작하여 난성숙의 시작을 자극하는 것으로 여겨진다. 피를 먹지않은 C. pipiens 암모기에게 β-ecdysone을 주사하거나 또는 head extract 주사 후 JHI을 처리하였을 때 fat body가 합성하는 vitellogenin의 양이 증가하였다. The effect of brain hormone, Juvenile hormone and β-ecdysone on the synthesis of vitellogenin in the anautogenous mosquito, Culex pipiens pallens, has been examined. Head extract from non-blood fed C. pipiens females, when injected into the decapitated Aedes atropalpus females, stimulated egg maturation. The ovarian development in C. pipiens was not completely blocked by decapitation or abdominal ligation performed immediately following a blood feeding. These results suggested that the release of brain hormone in this mosquito may be triggered by a feeding activity. Injection of β-ecdysone or head extract followed by topical application of JH into non-blood fed C. pipiens females stimulated vitellogenin synthesis. These results supported the previous work in Aedes aegypti that brain hormone, JH and ecdysone, in that sequence, are required for the egg maturation.

구매의사결정 지원을 위한 실시간 가격비교 Agent 개발

권효석,류정섭,조형래 경상대학교 생산기술연구소 2001 工學硏究院論文集 Vol.1 No.-

The proliferation of the internet and related applications has made users struggle with information overload. It means users must spend more time to find and gather necessary information they want. The agent technique is advocated by many researchers as an alternative to overcome the difficulty, which resulted in the practical use of the agent technique in Electronic Commerce more common. In this paper, we propose a realtime price comparison agent which compares the prices and services among online stores in realtime without users' intervention. The proposed agent differs from the existing ones in that (1) it does not incorporate a pre-installed price database, (2) it automatically monitors users' current status without any input from the users.

계층화된 퍼지 인지도를 이용한 신뢰기반 경매시스템

김현준,류정섭,권효석,조형래 경상대학교 생산기술연구소 2003 工學硏究院論文集 Vol.19 No.-

This paper introduces trust measurement that is composed of trust variables and fuzzy cognitive map. The improved trust measuring method using a stratified FCM can be used to measure the level of risk involved in a specific auction transaction concerned. To reduce the auction transaction cost and time, the proposed system recommends a differentiated transaction protocol according to the risk based on trust measurement. In this system, trust measurement can also be applied for differentiated and varied auction services.

금정산 식물상의 변화에 관한 연구

안석곤,남정칠,김석규,조승래 동아대학교 환경문제연구소 2001 硏究報告 Vol.24 No.2

For the purpose of this study is to analyze the flora of plants and forest vegetation of Mt. Keumjung. The results of the study can be described as below. 1. Plants growing at the 8 quadrates of the Mt. Keumjung were 24 families, 36 genuses and 3 species in 1994 and 23 families, 33 genuses and 49 species in 2001. 2. The soil acidity of the 8 areas surveyed here in 2001 was 4.8 to 5.5 in pH, indicating that the soil was gradually being oxidized. The soil hardness was found 15.8 to 28.3 mm, 20.8 in average. 3. Pinus rigida was found highest In dominance, occupying 352% of the total population of arbors, followed by 2.96% for Alnus hirsuta and 2.51 for Styrax japonicn while among the azalea was found highest in dominance, accounting for 44.49% out of the total population of shrubs, followed by 15.14% for Rhododendron yedoense var. poukanese and 3.92 for Rubus idaeus var. concolor. 4. Of the 8 quadrates, sect 8 of the North Gate was highest in the number of extinct trees. 15 kinds. This is probably because of the pressure by climbers' steps. Sect 3 of the West Gate and sect 5 of the South gate had 8 kinds of extinct trees, respectively. The number of newly appeared trees was highest at sect 7 of the North Gate, 8 kinds, followed by sect 5 and sect 6, respectively 5 kinds. 5. At the area of the West Gate(sect 3, sect 4) to which the sabbatical year system(Area : Puk-gu district and a part of Keumjung-gu district) was applied, 21 plant species newly appeared, more than any of the other areas. At the area of the South Gate(sect 5, sect 6). in contrast, 15 plant species disappeared and at the area of the North Gate(sect 7, sect 8). as many as 20 became extinct. The areas surveyed here showed that the extinction of plant species was mainly due to the pressure by climbers' steps rather than to changes in natural environment. To protect the forest and plants of the Mt. Keumjung, thus, it is necessary to increase the period and area of the sabbatical year system and take more effective actions for the management of the forest and plants.