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미생물 실험실 안전에 관한 조사 연구 : Ⅲ. 실험실 생물재해 관리 Ⅲ. Control of Biohazard in the Laboratory
이호왕,김주성,정윤섭,정희영,장우현 대한감염학회 1990 감염 Vol.22 No.1
The response to an emergency resulting from an accident involving micro-organisms, whether in laboratory or during transit, needs to be graded according to the degree of hazard to human created by the circumstances of the accident and the properties of the organisms concerned. Kim and Lee(1988) reported 102 laboratory acquired infections among 2,417 laboratory workers during 1981-1985 in Korea. It is estimated 8.28 infections annually per 1,000 laboratory workers. A catagorization of micro-organisms by risk group is proposed for the purpose of accident management, and classification of etiological agents on the basis of hazard in Korea has published by Kim and Lee et al (1988) as a general reference for some laboratory activities utilizing infectious agents. This publication will provide specific descriptions of combinations of microbiological practices, safety equipments, and laboratory facilities and recommendations for use in four categories or biosafety levels of laboratory operations with selected infectious agents of man. Recommendations for biosafety levels for specific agents are made on the basis of the potential hazard of the agent and of the laboratory function or activity.
Impact of Long-Term Proton Pump Inhibitor Therapy on Gut Microbiota in F344 Rats: Pilot Study
( Cheol Min Shin ),( Nayoung Kim ),( Yong Sung Kim ),( Ryoung Hee Nam ),( Ji Hyun Park ),( Dong Ho Lee ),( Yeong-jae Seok ),( Yeon-ran Kim ),( Joo-hyon Kim ),( Jung Min Kim ),( Joo Sung Kim ),( Hyun C 대한소화기학회 2016 Gut and Liver Vol.10 No.6
Background/Aims: To evaluate changes in gut microbiota composition following long-term proton pump inhibitor (PPI) treatment. Methods: Twenty-four-week-old F344 rats were fed diets with (n=6) or without (n=5) lansoprazole for 50 weeks. Profiles of luminal microbiota in the terminal ileum were then analyzed. Pyrosequencing of the 16S rRNA gene was performed using an FLX genome sequencer (454 Life Sciences/Roche). Results: Rats treated with lansoprazole showed significantly reduced body weights compared to controls (lansoprazole-treated rats and controls, 322.3±15.3 g vs 403.2±5.2 g, respectively, p<0.001). However, stool frequencies and consistencies did not differ between the two groups. The composition of the gut microbiota in lansoprazole- treated rats was quite different from that of the controls. In the controls, the microbiota profiles obtained from the terminal ileum showed a predominance of Proteobacteria (93.9%) due to the abundance of Escherichia and Pasteurella genera. Conversely, lansoprazole-treated rats showed an elevated population of Firmicutes (66.9%), which was attributed to an increased ratio of Clostridium g4 to Lactobacillus genera. Conclusions: This preliminary study suggests that long-term administration of PPI may cause weight loss and changes to the microbiota in the terminal ileum. (Gut Liver 2016;10:896-901)
Risk assessment to human health: Consumer exposure to ingredients in air fresheners
Kim, Joo-Hyon,Lee, Daeyeop,Lim, Hyunwoo,Kim, Taksoo,Suk, Kwangsul,Seo, Jungkwan Elsevier 2018 Regulatory toxicology and pharmacology Vol.98 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Ingredient chemicals like fragrances may cause adverse health effects. Frequent health risk assessments and stringent management of consumer products are of paramount importance to reduce these serious occurrences. In this study, the respiratory and dermal health effects were assessed in relation to air fresheners. Twenty six fragrance ingredients, thirty four biocidal ingredients, and sixteen hazardous ingredients were analyzed and assessed according to their risk to human health on five groups by application type in eighty two air fresheners. For hazard characterization of ingredients, toxicological information on the intrinsic properties of the ingredients was collected, and reference values were determined as chronic NOAEL. Exposure assessment was performed in two steps. The 95th exposure factor values were used to estimate exposure to assume the worst-case scenario and the maximum concentration determined by the product purpose and application type was used type in tiered 1 assessment. The values input into the exposure algorithms were developed via the exposure route. In the tiered 2 assessment, the 75th exposure factor values were used to estimate the assumed reasonable exposure to ingredients. Six ingredients for the inhalation and twelve ingredients for the dermal route were conducted for tiered 2 assessment. This study showed that the assessed ingredients have no health risks at their maximum concentrations in air fresheners. The approach should be used to establish improved guidelines for specific ingredients that may pose inhalation and dermal hazard.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Twenty six fragrances, thirty four biocides and sixteen hazardous ingredients were identified in eighty two air fresheners. </LI> <LI> Health risk assessments for inhalation and dermal exposure were conducted in two steps, tiered 1and 2. </LI> <LI> Tiered 2 risk assessments were conducted for six ingredients for the inhalation route, and twelve ingredients for the dermal route. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
Some Contrastive Features of Phonemic Modfication in English and Korean Symbolic Iterative Compounds
Kim, Joo Hyon 건국대학교 영어영문학과 1969 영문 학보 Vol.- No.1
When we observe the linguistic phenomena in most languages, we very often find some contrastive features of their own, and these features are always considered to be important facts worthy of observation. My attempt here is to describe some contrastive features of phonemic modification in English and Korean symbolic iterative compounds. The Korean language has a great store of symbolic words, and, in most cases, they are used in iterative forms. These forms are classified into two types as in English: iterations with or without phonemic modification. As the title of this article shows, the forms within the scope of my treatment are limited to iterations with phonemic modification, e.g. change of either vowel or initial consonant.