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Chung, Gong Soo,Song, Moo Young 충남대학교 기초과학연구소 1995 연구논문집 Vol.15 No.-
서해안 천수만의 경계와 대체로 일치하는 퇴적분지에 육성기원 역암 및 사암 그리고 이암과 화산쇄설물로 구성된 퇴적층서가 발달해 있다. 본 퇴적분지는 백악기에 형성된 것으로 보여지며 다소 직선적이며 불연속적인 경계로 둘러싸여져 있다. 분지의 북서부에는 선캠브리아기 규암성분의 cobble 내지는 boulder 크기의 역암이 선캠브리아기 기반암과 부정합을 형성하면서 분포하고 있다. 이 역암은 화산쇄설암과 현무암으로 구성된 층서로 덮혀져 있다. 화산쇄설암은 화산 쇄설류에 의해 형성된 화산각력암과 화산역맘 그리고 화산재에 의해 형성된 조립질 및 세립질 응회암으로 구성되어 있으며 현무암이 이들과 호층을 이루고 있다. 본 분지의 경계는 화산각력암과 현무암이 산출되는 간월도의 서쪽 가장자리를 지난다. 본 분지의 북동부는 동쪽으로부터 유래된 암설류에 의해서 형성된 것으로 보이는 원마도가 양호한 cobble 및 pebble 크기의 화강암과 규암파편의 산출로 특징지어 지는데, 퇴적후 일어난 구조 변형으로 본래 서쪽으로 발달된 경사가 현재와 같이 동쪽으로 경사진 양상으로 나타났다. 분지 남동부 학성리 지역은 응회암질 역암, 응회암질 사암, 응회암질 이암으로 구성되어 있는데 이들은 육성기원 퇴적물이 화산퇴적물과 혼합되어 퇴적되어 형성되었다. 본 분지의 남쪽 경계는 육성기원 퇴적물의 산출이 없이 화산 쇄설물만이 산출되는 것이 특징이다. 천수만은 분지내에 enechelon 주향이동 단층의 발달을 수반한 일종의 불완전하게 형성된 pulll-apart 분지에 의해서 형성된 것으로 해석된다. 주향이동단층활동은 정단층의 형성 및 화산활동를 수반하였다. 정단층의 형성은 암설류에 의한 역암의 퇴적을 수반하였고 화산활동은 화산쇄설성 퇴적물의 퇴적과 lava의 흐름을 초래하였다. 불연속적인 선상의 분지경계를 형성한 주향이동단층활동은 약 9천만년전 Izanagi 판이 Eurasia판 아래로 섭입됨에 따라 일어난듯하다. Sedimentary sequences consisted of terrigenous conglomerates, sandstones and mudstone as well as pyroclastic rocks occur in the Chonsu Basin which roughly coincides present Chonsu Bay, west coast of Korea. The basin, thought to be Cretaceous in age, is define by more of less linear and discontinuous boundaries. In the northwest part of the basin massive conglomerate consisted of angular cobble to boulder size Precambrian quartzite fragments are distributed at the base of the sequence forming unconformity with the Precambrian basement. The conglomerate is overlain by a sequence consisted of pyroclastic rocks and basalt. Pyroclastic rocks consist of pyroclastic breccias and lapillistone formed by pyroclastic flow, and coarse and fine tuffs formed by pyroclastic fall which in turn are intercalated by basalt. The basin boundary passes the western tip of the Kanweol island in which pyroclastic breccias and basalt occur. The northeast part of the basin is characterized by the occurrence of rounded cobble to boulder size fragments of granite and quartzite whicd are interpreted to have formed by debris flow and originated from the east: tilting after changed the original west-dipping strata to the present east-dipping strata. The southeast part of the basin (Hakseongri) consists of tuffaceous conglomerate to tuffaceous mudstone formed by debris to sheet flow in mid to distal alluvial fan environment where terrigenous fragments were mixed with pyroclastics. The southern boundaries of the basin are characterized by occurrence of pyroclastics and basalt without any occurrence of terrigenous debris. The Chonsu Basin is interpreted to have formed as an incompletely developed pull-apart basin in which en echelon strike-slip faults were developed. Strike-slip fault activities were accompanied by block-faulting and volcanism. Block-faulting resulted in deposition of conglomerates by debris flows; volcanism resulted in deposition of pyroclastics and overflow of Iavas. The strike-slip faulting which formed smooth and discontinuous basin boundaries has been caused by the subduction of the lzanagi plate beneath the Eurasian plate 90 million years ago.
Distribution of Uranium and its Controls in Holocene Carbonate Components and Submarine Cements
Gong-Soo Chung 한국지구과학회 1990 韓國地球科學會誌 Vol.11 No.1
The measurements of uranium with nuclear fission track technique on the Holocene carbonate components and submarine cements in South Florida, U.S.A. and the Bahamas have allowed not only characteristic uranium concentrations but also spatial distribution. Relatively high uranium concentrations were found in coral skeletons (2.5 ppm). ooids (2.8 ppm), and peloids (3.2 ppm) whereas most of the modern calcareous organisms contain low uranium concentrations. Varied uranium concentrations were found in submarine cements; more than 3 ppm in acicular aragonite, 2 to 3 ppm in micritic Mg-calcite in inter- and intraparticle pores, and 0.7 to 2.8 ppm in micirtic envelopes. Heterogeneous distributions of uranium were quite common in both skeletons and inorganic carbonates. Marine organisms seem to discriminate against uranium while they are alive and thereby they contain low uranium concentrations whereas inorganic carbonate components incorporate uranium in equilibrium with seawater and thereby the contain high uranium concentration. In incorporation of uramiun into carbonate componets physiology and mineralogy seem to be important in organism whereas minerablogy and CO₂ content of seawater are thought to be important in inorganic components. Characteristic uranium concentrations and spatial distribution pattern in modern carbonates suggest that uranium can be used as a powerful diagenentic indicator in studying ancient carbonate rocks. This study reveals that the fission track technique is an advantageous tool in studying petrography
Jin, Gong Yong,Park, Sang Hee,Han, Young Min,Chung, Gyung Ho,Kwak, Hyo Sung,Jeon, Soo bin,Lee, Yong Chul The Korean Radiological Society 2006 KOREAN JOURNAL OF RADIOLOGY Vol.7 No.2
<P><B>Objective</B></P><P>To compare the effect of radio frequency ablation (RFA) on the dimensions of radio frequency coagulation necrosis in a rabbit lung using a wet electrode in monopolar mode with that in dual electrode bipolar mode at different infusion rates (15 mm/hr versus 30 ml/hr) and saline concentrations (0.9% normal versus 5.8% hypertonic saline).</P><P><B>Materials and Methods</B></P><P>Fifty ablation zones (one ablation zone in each rabbit) were produced in 50 rabbits using one or two 16-guage wet electrodes with a 1-cm active tip. The RFA system used in the monopolar and dual electrode wet bipolar RFA consisted of a 375-kHz generator (Elektrotom HiTT 106, Berchtold, Medizinelektronik, Germany). The power used was 30 watts and the exposure time was 5 minutes. The rabbits were assigned to one of five groups. Group A (n = 10) was infused with 0.9% NaCl used at a rate of 30 ml/hr in a monopolar mode. Groups B (n = 10) and C (n = 10) were infused with 0.9% NaCl at a rate of 15 and 30 ml/hr, respectively in dual electrode bipolar mode; groups D (n = 10) and E (n = 10) were infused with 5.8% NaCl at a rate of 15 and 30 ml/hr, respectively in a dual electrode bipolar mode. The dimensions of the ablation zones in the gross specimens from the groups were compared using one-way analysis of variance by means of the Scheffe test (post-hoc testing).</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>The mean largest diameter of the ablation zones was larger in dual electrode bipolar mode (30.9±4.4 mm) than in monopolar mode (22.5±3.5 mm). The mean smallest diameter of the ablation zones was larger in dual electrode bipolar mode (22.3±2.5 mm) than in monopolar mode (19.5±3.5 mm). There were significant differences in the largest and smallest dimension between the monopolar (group A) and dual electrode wet bipolar mode (groups B-E). In dual electrode bipolar mode, the mean largest diameter of the ablation zones was larger at an infusion rate of 15 ml/hr (34.2±4.0 mm) than at 30 ml/hr (27.6±0.1 mm), and the mean smallest diameter of the ablation zones was larger at an infusion rate of 15 ml/hr (27.2±7.5 mm) than at an infusion rate of 30 ml/hr (24±2.9 mm).</P><P><B>Conclusion</B></P><P>Using a wet electrode, dual electrode bipolar RFA can create a larger ablation zone more efficiently than monopolar RFA.</P>