고용의 유연안정성(flexicurity)과 근로계약법의 법제화 방향

김병옥 忠北大學校 法科大學 法學硏究所 2013 法學硏究 Vol.24 No.1

労働市場をめぐる環境変化により従属労働を理念とする伝統的な労働法体制にかわる新たな労使関係のパラダイムが議論されている. そして, その方向として勤労契約法制の導入, 事業場内での協力的な労使関係の強化, 国家の積極的な雇用政策の実施および雇用の柔軟性の向上などが提示されている. この論文では, 向後, 我が国が勤労契約法を制定するにおいて, 内ㆍ外部労働市場の全体的な観点からみて雇用の柔軟性と安定性の調和のある規制をするためには, どのような内容で法案を構成するのが望ましいか, その方向を提示する. 我が国は, 日本やドイツ及びアメリカなどに比べ, 解雇および非正規勤労に対する規制が厳しくて雇用の量的な調整が容易にならなく, 内部労働市場でも就業規則の不利益変更時の勤労者側の集団的な同意が法定の効力要件となっているなど雇用の質的な調整も困難である. また, 継続的な法律関係である勤労契約の成立ㆍ展開ㆍ終了に関して両当事者の対等な合意を可能とする民事的な法律の不在などの問題点がある. 日本やドイツの雇用ㆍ勤労条件決定制度は, 民法上の解雇の自由を労働法で制限するによって雇用保障の側面で我が国と類似した制度を備え, また, 勤労契約法を制定したか制定しようと努力している. アメリカの制度は, 勤労契約に関する別の法律は存在しなく, 普通法上の任意雇用の原則(employment-at-will doctrine)により外部労働市場を通じて雇用の量的ㆍ質的な調整がなされるのである. 両制度は, 雇用の安定性と柔軟性が調和を成す方向へ, 収斂されている. 勤労契約法の主な内容は, 総則, 勤労契約の成立ㆍ展開ㆍ終了, 及び企業変動時の雇用承継に関する問題であり, 関聯制度として勤労者代表制度と個別紛争解決制度をあげることができるが, その内容をどのように構成するかにより労働市場の柔軟安定性の程度が決定される. 雇用の安定性と柔軟性が調和を成す制度とは, 勤労契約の成立ㆍ展開ㆍ終了の全過程で, 勤労者たちの雇用と勤労条件を安定的に保障するとともに, 企業が経済変動によく適応できるように柔軟性を保障する制度である. 過渡期的な勤労関係と雇用終了過程などでの勤労者たちの雇用保障のための規定や, 就業規則の不利益変更法理の立法化など雇用の柔軟性を向上させる規定は, このような雇用の安定性と柔軟性の均衡という観点から理解できる.

사업주의 안전배려의무의 사정(射程)범위에 관한 소고

김병옥 충북대학교 법학연구소 2017 法學硏究 Vol.28 No.2

The safety care obligation in Korea is recognized by theory and precedent without being stipulated in the Civil Act and etc. Also, because the safety care obligation of company owners has been discussed focusing on the claim for damages based on the aggressive contract infringement of the article 39 of the Civil Act until now, there has not been specific legal development on the legal requirements and their contents for the recognition of the right to demand adequate measures or to refuse hazardous work that enables to ask employers to improve the risk situation before industrial injuries occur, other than the discussion by some labor law scholars. In Germany, the article 618 of BGB stipulates that the duty of safety care of employers is recognized. In the view of the fact providing labour cannot be separated from the personality of employee, safety care obligation has a significant meaning in the labor contract. If an employer does not fulfil the obligation, workers are entitled to the right to demand adequate measures and the right to refuse hazardous work other than the right to claim for damages. According to many precedents and theories, safety care obligation is understood as additional duty or protection obligation. The Act on the industrial safety and health has meaning of public law in the scope to impose obligations on employers. And also the Act has meaning of private law in terms of supplementing and specifying the contents of safety care obligation of employers. In Japan, since safety care obligation was clearly defined and constituted as default liability by the judgement of Supreme Court in February 5, 1975, it has been settled by precedents and theories. The definition of the obligation can be said to generalize safety care obligation by combining safety care obligation and protection duty in Germany. The safety care obligation was clearly stipulated in the article 5 of Labor Contract Act in effect since March 2008. If an employer does not carry out the obligations, workers are entitled to claiming damages, demanding adequate measures and refusing to provide labor. The articles in the Labor Safety and Health Act has meaning of public law in the scope to impose employers on obligations, and also it has meaning of private law in terms of supplementing and specifying the contents of safety care obligation of employers. In Korea, considering that industrial injuries are very important to workers, the safety care obligation of employers should be clearly stipulated. And the contents of safety care obligation should be enlarged from the improvement of physical and human environment to the physical and mental health care of workers. Furthermore, if the employers do not fulfill safety care obligation, it is necessary to recognize the right of demanding adequate measures and refusing to provide labor for workers in the aspect of prevention of industrial injuries. By doing this, it is considered that safety care obligation of employers can play an important role to protect workers from the risk of industrial injuries. But considering the reality of labor relations in Korea, the system should be designed so that labor unions can refrain from abusing these rights, in terms of fairness and faithfulness.

[임상가를 위한 특집 ③] 임프란트치료와 골유도재생술

김병옥 대한치과의사협회 2001 대한치과의사협회지 Vol.39 No.10

Rilke 의 유년기와 그의 예술론

김병옥 한국독어독문학회 1980 獨逸文學 Vol.24 No.1

Eines der wichtigsten Symbole in Rilkes Dichtung ist die Kindheit. Die vorliegende Arbeit geht davon aus, daB dieser Symbolik sein eigenes einmaliges Kindheitserlebnis zugrundeliegt and daB dieses Kindheitserlebnis auch fur seine Kunstauffassung von ausschlaggebender Bedeutung ist. Die fur sein games `Verk wesentliche Kunstauffassu.ng hat Rilke bereits 1898 in seinem Florenzer Tagebuch entwickelt; diese Auffassung von der Kunst als Selbstverwirklichung des Knnstlers, deren Quelle die Kindheitserinnerung ist, steht ir. ursachlichem Zusammenhang mit seinem Erlebnis der Entfremdung in der Militarschule. Im Verlauf der Betrachtung wird dann auch gezeigt, wie eindeutig and konsequeut der Dichter sich in seinem Werk and in seiner Lebensfuhrung zu dieser Welt der als Auftrag erfahrenen Kunst bekannt hat.

주요 AIS 기지국의 슬롯 점유율 분석

김병옥 한국항해항만학회 2015 한국항해항만학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2015 No.추계

AIS는 데이터 송수신을 위하여 2개의 채널을 사용하고 있으며, 채널 당 2,250개의 시간 슬롯으로 분할하여 사용하는 시분할 다중화 방식을 적용하고 있다. 특히 AIS에서 주로 사용하고 있는 SOTODMA 프로토콜은 데이터를 전송하기 위한 시간 슬롯을 예약하고 예약된 슬롯 정보를 공유함으로써 슬롯 간섭을 피하고 있기 때문에 슬롯의 사용 상태는 매우 중요하다. 여기에서는 해발고가 높은 우리나라 주요 AIS 기지국의 슬롯 점유율과 슬롯 점유율에 영향을 미치는 수신 메세지 비율 및 통신거리 분포 등에 대하여 분석하였다.

태풍 환경에서의 선박 AIS 데이터 분석

김병옥 한국항해항만학회 2017 한국항해항만학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2017 No.춘계

당뇨환자의 치은조직내 Superoxide Dismutase와 Catalase의 활성도에 관한 실험적 연구

김병옥,이강진,박주철,Kim, Byung-Ok,Lee, Kang-Jin,Park, Joo-Cheol 대한치주과학회 1994 Journal of Periodontal & Implant Science Vol.24 No.3

Oxygen derived radicals($O_2\;^-$, $H_2O_2$, and $OH^-$) are thought to play a role in a lot of human diseases. And it has been believed that antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase(SOD) and catalase could protect the tissues from damage resulting from the oxygen derived free radicals. The purpose of this study was performed to investigate the activity of the SOD(CuZn- and Mn-SOD) and catalase in inflammatory gingival tissues and the correlation between boold glucose level and antioxidants and age in non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus(NI- DDM) patients. For this study, the patients were classified into normal, inflammatory, and diabetic, and ten their papillary bleeding index(PBI) and gingival index were checked. Subjects consisted of 11 healthy patients with no inflammatroy gingiva, 20 adult periodontitis patients, and 8 diabetic patients, aged 33 to 66(average: 44.62). The blood glucose level of diabetic group was ranged from 120ml/dl to 160ml/dl(physical status 0 : averge : 135.67ml/dl). Gingival tissues were surgically obtained from the patients during periodontal surgery, extraction, and clinical corwn lenghening procedure. The activity of CuZn and Mn- SOD and catalase in the gingival tissues was measured by using UV-spectrophotometer by the same methods that Crapo et al. And Aebi did, respectively. The results were as follows : 1. The Mn-SOD activity was significantly lower in inflammatory group in comparison to normal group(P<0.05), and the activities of antioxidants in diabetic group were not significant in comparison to normal inflammatory group(P>0.05). 2. The activities of antioxidants showed little variation among individuals of different ages (P>0.05). 3. The higher blood glucose level was, the higher gingival index was(P<0.05). 4. There was no correlation between blood glucoe level and activity of antioxidant in inflammatory gingival tissues of NIDDM patients(P>0.05). In conclusion, these results, within the limits of the present experiment, suggest that the activity of Mn-SOD might reflect the inflammatory status of gingival tissue, and the activity of antioxidants was independent of blood glucose level of diabetic patients in physical status 0.

문학과 현상학의 만남

김병옥 한국비평이론학회 1996 비평과이론 Vol.1 No.1

상호권의 보호

김병옥 창원대학교 경영대학원 1994 최고경영자과정 논문집 Vol.2 No.1

실내무선 환경에서의 편파 다이버시티 최적구성에 관한 연구 ( A Study on The Composition of An Optimum Polarization Diversity in Indoor RAdio Environments )

김병옥,이주현,윤영석,하덕호 대한전자공학회 1998 대한전자공학회 학술대회 Vol.1998 No.5