國際聯合과 平和强制 序說 : 憲章第七章을 中心으로

鄭鍾學 忠南大學校 1962 論文集 Vol.2 No.-

The political motive of United Nations is known to be stronger than the legal one, and it might, consequently, be unreasonable to foretell the future of the United Nations soley by looking at its legal side of the aspects. But, if I dare to draw a conclusion, the United Nations as an organization of peace-enforcement seems to have failed in establishing a complete and perfect system within itself; because, the Security Council is almost paralysed in the successful discharge of its primary responsiblity due to the evil existence of "droit de veto" provision. Besides, the lack of "accord spe´cial" have induced the Security Council to a nealy crippled body of a car without wheels, If there be any slight development found in the United Nations system of peace-enforcement, it is that the function and authority of the General Assembly is made a little more powerful than before. It is true that the impact of this fact cannot be undere stimated, and that the General Assembly has gained an incressed function and power, but we can not optimistically conclude that the United Nations itself has gained, as has been already investigated. Then, how can we achieve the world peace under the present system of the United Nations? I think we can solve the problem, if not perfectly, by allowing the General Assembly the possible maximum discretion in reaching decision needed to carry out the its secondary responsibility, in the case the Council fails to discharge the primary one entrusted. Of course, it is also true that the General Assembly does not have legal powers enough to mobilize those necessary measures to prevnt and supporess any illegal appeal to force. Yet, the General Assembly can effectively perform its duties only through the formation of a world-wide public opinion even the Great Powers can not easily ignore. And we can also expect the General Assembly will be able to play its best role in exerting all knids of political and economic pressures designed to prevent and sanction any illegal exercise of force. The way to peace is difficult, but our goal is not too far away. Rather, it is directly connected with the deep core of human mind itself. Just as the Preamble of UNESCO Charter declares manifestly, it is the human mind that war starts. If we sincerely hope to maintain peace in this world of ours, we should, first of all, begin to construct bulwark in our mind for ever-peaceful society.

한국형 신경행동검사 배터리의 개발 -면접과 컴퓨터 신경행동검사의 타당성 평가-

정종학,김창윤,사공준,전만중,박홍진,Chung, Jong-Hak,Kim, Chang-Yoon,SaKong, Joon,Jeon, Man-Joong,Park, Hong-Chin 대한예방의학회 1998 예방의학회지 Vol.31 No.4

우리나라 근로자의 특성과 산업보건 현실에 적합한 신경행동검사들을 선택하기 위하여 지금까지 국내의 일부 연구에서 사용되었던 신경행동검사들의 타당도를 비교평가하였다. 대구지역의 중소규모 사업장에서 톨루엔, 크실렌, 메틸에틸케톤, 이소프로필알콜, 메탄올에 폭로되는 유기용제 폭로군 96명과 대조군 100명을 대상으로 인구학적 변수와 직업관련 변수를 조사하고, 컴퓨터 신경행동검사 네 가지 검사항목(숫자 더하기, 부호숫자 짝짓기, 숫자 외우기, 손가락 두드리기)과 면접식 신경행동검사 일곱 가지 검사항목(Benton visual retention 검사, 숫자 외우기, 숫자부호 짝짓기, 숫자 더하기, 목적점찍기, 핀꼽기, 막대 두드리기)을 수행하였다. 11개의 신경행동검사 항목들 중 지각과 반응속도 영역에서 컴퓨터 부호숫자 짝짓기, 운동영역에서 컴퓨터 손가락 두드리기 및 미세운동영역에서 핀꼽기의 유사영역의 다른 검사에 비해 타당도가 상대적으로 높은 것으로 평가되었다. 이러한 결과는 산업장 근로자의 중추신경계장애의 선별을 위한 신경행동검사의 선택에 도움이 될 것으로 생각되나 대상자의 폭로기간이 길지 않고 폭로력과 재현성을 고려하지 못한 제한점을 가진다. Aim. A neurobehavioral test for workers exposed to organic solvents in the workplace can be affected by many factors : age, education, motivation, ethnicity, etc. To apply more suitable neurobehavioral test for Korean workers, we evaluated the validity of several items of computerized and traditional neurobehavioral tests. Methods. We have applied eleven tests : four items of computerized neurobehavioral test(Swedish Performance Evaluation System) including Addition, Symbol-Digit, Dig-it Span, and Finger tapping speed, and seven items of traditional neurobehavioral test consisting of Addition, Digit-Symbol, Digit Span, Benton visual retention test, Pursuit aiming, Pegboard, and Tapping. These tests were performed on 96 workers exposed to solvents, and 100 reference workers. The concurrent and construct validities were evaluated by group difference, correlation with age, educational level, hippuric acid level, neurotoxic symptom, current exposure level, multitrait-multimethod matrix, fator analysis, and discriminant analysis. Results. Statistically significant differences were observed between the workers exposed to solvents and referents in computerized Symbol-Digit, Finger tapping speed, traditional Digit-Symbol and Pegboard. The computerized Symbol-Digit, traditional Digit-Symbol, Addition, Benton visual retention test, and Pegboard were found to be related to the age. The performance of computerized Symbol-Digit, Addition, and traditional Digit-Symbol were found to be related to the educational level significantly. The computerized Symbol-Digit, Finger tapping speed, and traditional Digit-Symbol were found to be related to hippuric acid, and neurotoxic symptom. The discriminability of Finger tapping speed, and Pegboard was better than the other tests. In discriminant analysis, the model with two variables, the computerized Symbol-Digit and Pegboard, classified almost 70 percent of the workers correctly. Conclusions. These results suggest that the computerized Symbol-Digit, Finger tapping speed, and Pegboard are more satisfactory for our purpose, and the Addition, Tapping, Benton visual retention test, and Pursuit aiming are less valid than other items. These may allow the reasonable selection of core neurobehavioral tests for workers exposed to solvents in Korea.

美國憲法上 外交問題에 관한 大統領과 議會와의 關係

鄭鍾學 충남대학교 교지편집위원회 1978 寶雲 - 충남대학교 Vol.- No.8

韓國憲政史의 回顧와 展望 : 13代國會와 政府와의 關係를 中心으로

鄭鍾學 忠南大學校 法學硏究所 1990 法學硏究 Vol.1 No.1

獨島의 領有權 歸屬問題

鄭鍾學 충남대학교 교지편집위원회 1983 寶雲 - 충남대학교 Vol.- No.13

公衆沐浴湯水의 衛生學的 檢査

鄭鍾學 慶北大學校 醫科大學 1967 慶北醫大誌 Vol.8 No.1

The author studied the physico-chemical and bacteriological study of bath-water obtained from 26 bath-houses among 57 public bath-houses in Taegu for 4 months, from March to June 1966, for the further evaluation and promotion of public health and hygiene of bathing system. The results are as follows: 1) The physico-chemical natures of bath-water are shown in the table below. No apparent changes were noted by time elapse in the item 1,2,3, and 4 but there were a notable increase in the item 5,6 and 7. ◁표 삽입▷(원문을 참조하세요) 2) The results of bacteriological study are shown in the following table. In the all items apparent changes were observed by time elapsing. ◁표 삽입▷(원문을 참조하세요) In conclusion, the most of public bathing facilities seemed not to be adequate for human bath, as the contamination and the potential threat of infection were considerably noted.

大學生活과 써클活動

鄭鍾學 충남대학교 학생생활연구소 1973 學生生活硏究 Vol.2 No.-

職場 새마을 運動의 實態分析과 發展模型에 관한 硏究

鄭鍾學,沈雲澤,崔鍾碩 충남대학교 새마을연구소 1977 새마음 논문집 Vol.1 No.-

UN憲章과 自衛權 : 第51條 "if an armed attack occurs"의 解釋을 中心으로

鄭種學 忠南大學校 1965 論文集 Vol.4 No.-

Since, under the traditional international law, the provisions for the right of self-defence are not prescribed clearly, we witnessed many a case of mal-application of that right in international society. When we survey it historically, the German invasion of Belgium in 1914, the Japanese invasion of Manchuria in 1931, and the German invasion of Norway in 1940, were manifestly the acts of aggression launched under the pretence of self-defence. And, the results always were that the more powerful state was advantageous. The cause of this frequent abuse of the right of self-defence can basically be accounted for by the fact that international society, strictly speaking, lacks an ultra-nationalistic organization that can judge the righteouness of any use of force by any state. Accordingly, nothing is more essential than our effort to improve the system of the international society so that any exercise of the right of selfe-defence is not necessary at all. But, as we find that even the internal society of a state, where order is firmly maintained by its own strong power, allows to the individuals whose rights are endangered by a breach of law the right to protect their rights by their own action, we should conclude that in our present-day international society, where the centralized machinery for the enforcement of law is not established yet, it is practically impossible to prohibit any state from exercising its right of self-defence under certain unavoidable circumstances. Our arguments coming to the problem of how to prevent the right of self-defence from its mal-application, we propose here that the requisites for the exercises of right of the selfdefence particularly by force should be confined to a concrete and explicit standard, and this standard also should be interpreted strictly because the danger of justifying any aggressive use of force as self-defensive might occur, should any expanded interpretation of this standard be allowed. Here, we support the restriction theory in interpreting the proviso “if an armed attack occurs” of Art. 51 of the Charter, but we are ready to recognize some degree of flexibility in defining of “an armed attack.” We conclude as follows; Art. 51 of the Charter applies (1). in case of an armed attack, but not in case af any other violation that dose not consttitute an armed attack. (2). in case of an actual occurence of an armed attack, but not in case of an anticipatory self-defence against the danger or threat of an attack. (3). only to armed attack that is serious and illegal. And the act of self, defence should be limited to an inevitable case, not exceding the necessary extent.

연 취급 근로자들의 혈색소치의 변동

박난규,강복수,정종학 영남대학교 의과대학 1986 Yeungnam University Journal of Medicine Vol.3 No.1

연 폭로에 의한 조혈기능의 장해정도를 파악하고 연중독 환자를 조기에 발견하기 위하여 1985년 8월부터 1년간 경상북도 구미공단내 5개 산업장의 연취급 여성근록자 284명과 대조군 123명을 대상으로 혈중 연량과 혈색소량을 측정하여 얻은 성적을 분석한 결과 다음과 같다. 연 취급 근로자의 평균연령은 20.3±2.9세이었고 대조군의 평균연령은 21.1±3.5세이였으며, 연작업자의 평균 근속기간은 26.46±19.26개월이었다. 연 취급 근로자의 평균 혈중연량은 30.11±6.61㎍/100㎖이었고 대조군의 경우 21.86±3.75㎍/100㎖로 두군 모두 정상범위내였으나, 폭로군이 대조군에 비해 유의하게 (P<0.01)높았다. 연 취급 근로자의 평균 혈색소량은 14.00±0.57g/100㎖이었고 대조군의 경우 14.03±0.64g/100㎖로 정상치를 나타내었다. 혈색소치 12g/100㎖이하는 한사람도 없었으며, 12.0∼13.0g/100㎖경우는 연 취급 근로자에서 4.5%로 나타났다. 혈중 연량과 빈혈과의 용량-반응관계, 연령 및 근속기간과 혈중연량 및 혈색소치와의 사이에 유의한 상관관계를 관찰할 수 없었다. 이상의 성격으로 보아 작업장의 연 허용기준치를 넘지 않으면 장기간 근무하여도 연 중독의 피해가 없는 것으로 판단되기 때문에 작업자의 위생공학적인 환경관리가 무엇보다도 중요하다고 본다. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of lead on the incidence of anemia and to find cases with lead poisoning early among female workers who have been exposed to lead occupationally, for one year from August, 1985. The level of blood lead and hemoglobin concentration were observed for 284 female lead workers and 123 female non-lead workers of industries in the Gumi industrial complex in Ky-ungpook Province. The average age was 20.3±2.9 years and 21.1±3.5 years in lead workers and non-lead workers, respectively. The average working duration was 26.46±19.26 months in lead workers. The mean value of blood lead was 30.11±6.61㎍/100㎖ and 21.86±3.75㎍/100㎖ in lead workers and non-lead workerws, respectively. There were significant differences between two groups. The mean value of hemoglobin concentration was 14.00±0.57㎍/100㎖ and 14.03±0.64㎍/100㎖ in lead workers and non-lead workers, respectively. Anemia cases were not observed at Hb concentration below 12g/100㎖. The percentages of lead workers at Hb concentration ranged 12.0∼13.0g/100㎖ were 4.5%. There was no dose-response relationship between blood lead level and the incidence of anemia. There were no remarkable differences between age and blood lead level as well as Hb concentration, and between working duration and the level of blood lead and hemoglobin.