연구보문 : 식물환경 ; 폐가축사체의 농업적 재활용을 위한 가축사체 액상부산물의 액비화 조건 구명

서영진 ( Young Jin Seo ),서동철 ( Dong Cheol Seo ),강세원 ( Se Won Kang ),이상규 ( Sang Gyu Lee ),박주왕 ( Ju Wang Park ),최익원 ( Ik Won Choi ),성환후 ( Hwan Hoo Sung ),강석진 ( Seog Jin Kang ),조주식 ( Ju Sik Cho1 ) 한국환경농학회 2013 한국환경농학회지 Vol.32 No.4

가축사체 액상부산물을 이용하여 액비의 최적조건(미생물, pH, 미생물 주입량)을 조사하였고, 이들 최적 조건하에서 112일간 부숙하여 액비의 품질을 평가하였다. 가축사체 액상 부산물 액비 부숙시 최적 LP 미생물의 주입량은 0.5 mL/100mL이었으며, pH는 7 조건에서 각각 50점으로 완숙판정을 받았다. 최적조건하에서 112일 동안 부숙시킨 액비의 부숙도 는 부숙 후 28일에 50점을 받아 완숙판정을 받았으며, 부숙기 간이 길어짐에 따라 부숙 56일에는 온도가 60℃를 넘어 최고 점인 55점을 받았고, 이후 온도가 조금씩 낮아져 부숙 후 112 일에는 실온조건에 이르렀다. 완숙된 가축사체 액상부산물 액 비의 품질을 평가해본 결과, 최적조건하에서 부숙시킨 액비의 경우에는 T-N, P2O5 및 K2O의 함량이 28일에 가장 높았으며, 시간이 경과함에 따라 약간 감소하는 경향이었다. 또한, 유해성분(As, Cd, Cu, Cr, Hg, Ni, Pb 및 Zn)의 함량은 28일, 56일 및 112일 부숙시킨 액비에서 모두 비료공정규격 기 준치에 적합하였다. 이상의 결과를 미루어 볼 때 가축사체 액상부산물을 농업적 재활용을 위한 액비화 조건은 pH 7조건 에서 LP 미생물을 0.5 mL/100 mL 주입한 경우이다. 하지 만 본 연구에서 비교된 가축분뇨 발효액은 공시재료(가축사체)가 상이하여 향후 가축사체를 이용한 액비의 부숙도 기준이 개선되어야 할 것으로 판단된다. BACKGROUND: Globally, concern about emerging infectious diseases of livestock is growing. For the disposal of the animal carcass, it is necessary to recycle the carcass into an agriculturally usable product. The objective of this study was to investigate the composting conditions of liquid by-product obtained from degradation of animal carcass. METHODS AND RESULTS: Optimum conditions of liquid fertilizer were investigated using different microorganisms, pHs, and volumes of microorganisms (Lactobacillus rhamnosus + Pichia deserticola). Based on the results from the optimum conditions, compost maturity and quality of liquid fertilizer were evaluated for 112 days. The compost maturity of liquid fertilizer were higher in the order of LP(Lactobacillus rhamnosus + Pichia deserticola) > BC(Bacillus cereus) > BS (Bacillus subtilis). The optimum condition under different volumes of LP was injection of 0.5 mL/100 mL. The compost maturity under different pHs were higher in the order of pH 7 > 5 ≥ 9 ÷ 11. The liquid by-product at 56 days after composting was completely decomposed. The concentrations of T-N, T-P and K2O in liquid fertilizer at 56 days were 0.94, 0.17 and 3.78%, respectively, and the sum of those concentrations was 4.89%. CONCLUSION(S): Liquid fertilizer of by-product using pig carcass was decomposed with optimum conditions(LP, pH 7, injection of 0.5 mL/100 mL) in 56 days after composting, and was suitable for official standard of commercial fertilizer.

Hepatocellular Carcinoma in the Elderly: Clinical Characteristics, Outcomes and Treatment Efficacy, Safety in Older than 75 Years

( Ji Ho Seo ),( Sunmin Kim ),( Eunae Cho ),( Chung Hwan Jun ),( Sun Young Park ),( Sung Bum Cho ),( Chang Hwan Park ),( Hyun Soo Kim ),( Sung Kyu Choi ),( Jong Sun Rew ) 대한간학회 2018 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2018 No.1

Aims: The number of elderly patients diagnosed with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has been increasing because the increase in the longevity of the general population. But there is no proper management based on age stratification in elderly patients. We compared clinical characteristics, outcomes and treatment efficacy, safety between oldest-old (aged more than 85 years), middle-old (aged between 80 and 85 years) and young-old (aged between 75 and 80 years) patients with HCC. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study, from January 2010 to December 2016, at Chonnam National University Hospital. A total of 550 elderly patients whose data included demographics, co-morbidity, etiology of liver disease, presence of cirrhosis, staging of HCC, treatment modality and treatment related adverse event were evaluated retrospectively. Also overall survival was assessed in enrolled patient. Results: Fifty one patients (oldest-old; median 87 years old), 153 patients (middle-old; median 82 years old) and 346 patients (young-old; median 77 years old) were diagnosed with HCC. Both oldest- and middle-old patients, compared to young-old patients had significantly lower rate of alcohol-related disease (13.7% vs 20.9% vs 34.1%, P = 0.001). There were no significant difference in underlying sex, body mass index, presence of co-morbidity, hepatitis C-related disease and stage of HCC. The Child-Pugh class (CPT class A 88.9% vs 84.1% vs 83.6%, CPT class B 11.1% vs 15.9% vs 15.0% and CPT class C 0.0% vs 0.0% vs 1.3%, respectively, P = 0.912) and Model for End Stage Liver Disease score (mean MELD score 7.22±3.34 vs 5.88±3.01 vs 5.77±3.14, P = 0.166) were no significant difference between the patients with active treatment. The modified UICC staging (stage I 5.6% vs 17.1% vs 18.6%, stage II 55.6% vs 46.3% vs 47.3%, Stage III 22.2% vs 24.4% vs 24.8%, Stage IV-A 11.1% vs 6.1% vs 4.9% and Stage IV-B 5.6% vs 6.1% vs 4.4%, respectively, P = 0.826) and Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer staging (stage 0 5.6% vs 9.8% vs 9.3%, stage A 16.7% vs 17.1% vs 22.1%, stage B 27.8% vs 29.3% vs 24.8%, stage C 50.0% vs 43.9% vs 41.2% and stage D 0.0% vs 0.0% vs 2.7%, respectively, P = 0.878) were no significant difference between the patients with active treatment. Furthermore, there were no difference between the age groups in treatment modality (Surgical resection 0.0% vs 3.3% vs 5.2%, P = 0.166; Radiofrequency ablation 2.0% vs 8.5% vs 11.0%, P=0.113; Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization 21.6% vs 34.6% vs 41.6%, P=0.014; Best supportive care 62.7% vs 40.5% vs 29.2%, P < 0.001), adverse event related treatment (P = 0.731) and disease-free survival days (329 .3±309.1 days vs 271.7 ± 414.2 days vs 357.2 ± 511.6 days, P = 0.336). Multivariate analysis showed that age, performance status, CTP class, MELD score, modified UICC staging, presence of portal vein thrombosis and ruptured HCC are risk factors for mortality. Conclusions: Clinician should make an active treatment in elderly patients with HCC not a age but performance status, liver function and disease status of cancer.

특이한 악관절 강직증 : 진성 악관절 강직증과 상악골과 하악골 사이의 골성 유합

서재훈,조세인,여환호,이기혁,김영균 大韓顎顔面成形再建外科學會 1995 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.17 No.2

TMJ ankylosis is classified with true and false type. A true ankylosis is defined as any condition that produces fibrous or bony adhesions between the articular surfaces of the temporomandibular joint. The main causes of true ankylosis are trauma or infection. A false ankylosis results from pathologic conditions outside the joint that limit mobility of the mandible such as myogenic disorders, coronoid impingement or rare direct bony fusion between maxilla and mandible. The treatment of choice of TMJ ankylosis is surgical intervention. We experienced the male patient with complete mouth opening limitation since 45 years before. This patient has true TMJ ankylosis and rare bony synostosis between maxilla and mandible in the right posterior region. We performed surgical intervention and had a favorable result.

IGBT素子의 모델링에 의한 回路解析 시뮬레이션

서영수,조문택,서수호 明知大學校 産業技術硏究所 1994 産業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.13 No.-

IGBT devices have the best features of both power MOSFETs and power bipolar transsistors,i.e., efficient voltage gate drive requirements and high current density capability. When designing circuits and systems that utilized IGBTs or other power semicondutor devices, circuit simulation are needed to examine how the devices ffect the behavior of the circuit. The interaction of the IGBT with the load circuit can be described using the device model and the state equation of the load circuit. The voltage rise of rate at turn-off for inductive loads varies significantly for IGBT with different base life times, and this rate of rise is important in determining the voltage overshoot for a given series resister-inductor load circuit. Expressive voltage overshoot is potentially destructive, so a snubber protection circuit may be required. The protection circuit requirements are unique for the IGBT and can be examined using the model. Simulation of the device-circuit interactions have been experimentally verified for devices with different life times.

약관절에 대한 외과적 적근방법

조갑주,송승희,이선재,서영진,고부일,박영주,안병근 한림대학교의료원 1994 人間科學 Vol.18 No.10

인조 합성 테니스 바닥재의 지면 반력 분석

조승제,정미라,서국웅,박승범,윤양진,이훈식,강영택 釜山大學校 附設 體育科學硏究所 1998 體育科學硏究所 論文集 Vol.14 No.-

Some authors suggest that certain types of surfaces are the origin of such injuries. A few years after the first medical concerns about surfaces were voiced, publications of biomechanical measurements apperared, describing accleration, force, and impact measurement on different types of surfaces. In many sport activities, surfaces can be under very high dynamic load. This was the reason for the development of various methods for impact simulation, like the development of various methods for impact simulation, like the artificial athlete. Furthermore, it is important to collect information about the hardness of new and already existing surfaces in sport arenas. The idea on which this measuring system is based Is as follows: The stiffness of the material can be computed from the kinematics measurd at touch down of a rigid body onto a material sample. The results show the following The result for the artifical surfaces(Synpave ace) is surprising. It is known that these surfaces are much harder than synpave rebound classic, synpave spring. This finding suggests that it may be possible that the subjective impression is used as one criterion in the selection of landing(or style) strategies. The number of subjects in this experiment is too small to make statistically significant conclusions. It is shown analytically that when an object a deformable surface, the acceleration it experiences is inversely propotional to its mass. In future, it need to stress that the interaction between shoe and surface is important, and this aspect has now become well accepted. Considering biomechanical aspect in player's injury, it request Korean Standards for synthetic playing surfaces in sport like ASTM(America Society for Testing & Materials) standards of America, DIN 18035 standards of Germany, BSI standards of U.K.

마이크로프로세서를 이용한 실시간 모니터 시스템

서보혁,趙榮基 경북대학교 공과대학 1986 工大硏究誌 Vol.15 No.-

This paper developed a new microprocessor-analog hybrid system to monitor input / output data of unknown electric plants. To reduce computational budget of microprocessor, analog function blocks are used to process necessary signal operations. And monitoring characteristics are far superior to conventional mechanical meters in accuracy and measuring speed. The ability to measure instant signal values in operating system with so high speed is also a great advantage. The monitoring algorithm and monitoring configurations will be able to be used extensively in adaptive identification or adaptive estimator in near future. Testing case studies were carried out for DC and 100㎐ AC signals to prove the usefullness and accuracy of the system.

전력용 반도체소자(IGBT)의 모델링에 의한 열적특성 시뮬레이션

서영수,백동현,조문택 (社)韓國火災 ·消防學會 1996 한국화재소방학회논문지 Vol.10 No.2

A recently developed electro-thermal simulation methodology is used to analyze the behavior of a PWM(Pulse-Width-Modulated) voltage source inverter which uses IGBT(Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor) as the switching devices. In the elestro-thermal network simulation methdology, the simulator solves for the temperature distribution within the power semiconductor devices(IGBT electro-thermal model), control logic circuitry, the IGBT gate drivers, the thermal network component models for the power silicon chips, package, and heat sinks as well as the current and voltage within the electrical network. The thermal network describes the flow of heat form the chip surface through the package and heat sink and thus determines the evolution of the chip surface temperature used by the power semiconductor device models. The thermal component model for the device silicon chip, package, and heat sink are developed by discretizing the nonlinear heat diffusion equation and are represented in component from so that the thermal component models for various package and heat sink can be readily connected to on another to form the thermal network.

잇솔질이 제5급와동수복재의 표면조도와 마모에 미치는 영향

서영희,조규증 慶北大學校 齒科大學 1990 慶北齒大論文集 Vol.7 No.2

This in vitro study was done to evaluate the change of the surface roughness and the degree of wear of restorative materials for class Ⅴ cavities before and after toothbrushing. In this study, Durafill, Clearfil Posterior, Fuji-ionomer, ketac-silver, and Amalgam were used and 5,000 and 30,000 times of tooth-brushing were done using cross-brushing machine. The surface roughness were measured with Profilometer and weight loss were measured with Chyo balance. The results obtained were as follows, 1. The surface roughness value was highest in Fuji-ionomer group and lowest in Durafill group at measuring before and after toothbrushing(p<0.01). 2. The surface roughness were increased after toothbrushing in all groups except Amalgam group(p<0.01). 3. In all groups, there was no significant difference in the surface roughness between after 5,000 and after 30,000 times of tooth-brushing(p>0.05). 4. The percentage of weight loss after toothbrushing was greatest in Fuji-ionomer group followed by Ketac-silver group(p<0.05), and there was no significant difference among Durafill, Clearfil Posterior and Amalgam groups(p>0.05).

전력전자회로의 해석을 위한 소자 및 전동기의 라이브러리 개발

서영수,조문택 명지대학교 대학원 1999 대학원논문집 Vol.3 No.-

The purpose of this paper is to verify the appropriation of power electronics circuit by applying the most powerful and widely used simulator PSPICE and SIMULINK for adapted variable control technics. Power semiconductor macro modeled by SIMULINK such as diode, thyristor, transistor. Loads are modeled by SIMULINK such as a resistor, induction. DC motor and AC induction motor. Furthermore DC motor & AC induction motor are modeled by PSPICE through their algorithms. For proved these modelings accurate, simulation techniques which are generally used in the field of power electronics circuits are adapted in power electronics and systems.