야국의 형태 및 자유라디칼 소거 물질에 관한 연구

서명원 ( Myung Won Seo ),정승일 ( Seung Il Jeong ),신철균 ( Chol Gyun Shin ),주영승 ( Young Sung Ju ) 대한본초학회 2003 大韓本草學會誌 Vol.18 No.1

N/A Objectives : The purpose of the study is to enhance the objectivity and availability of the oriental herb medicine by formulating the morphological standard and isolation and structure elucidation of radical scavengers from Chrysanthemum indicum L. These intents are expected to be useful in the examination of several physiochemical and biological reactions, determination of indicator material, and identification of gene with basic sources in the future. Methods : In order to develop the standard formulas and isolation and structure elucidation of radical scavengers from Chrysanthemum indicum L., the experimental examinations of the original herbs have been carried out. The morphological standard was divided into 4 parts as plant · external · internal · powder shape. Three antioxidative compouds were isolated by a bioassay using a 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrydrazyl(DPPH) free radical. They were identified as luteolin, apigenin and linarin (acacetin-7-O-rutinoside) on the basis of 1H and 13C-NMR and MS data. Results and Conclusions : 1. The plant shape : The color of the slender-hair in its stem is purple-black. The leaf is oval-orbicular shape and has the slender-hair in both sides and its petiole has pseudo-stipule. The entire diameter of flower is 2~2.5cm. The lingulate flower is yellow and the siphonoic flower is deep-yellow color. 2. The external shape of herb: It is a globular-like type, 2~3cm in diameter and brown-yellow to yellow color. The lingulate flower is yellow-white color haved one layer and the siphonoic flower is deep-yellow color. The external layer is oval-velvet and the internal layer is long-oval shape in the bracteole. 3. The internal shape of herb: The change of the petal is relatively large, the upper epidermal cell is irregular oval or sphere shape and the lower epidermal cell is regular sphere shape. The lower epidermal cell has occasionally trichomes or a few air pores. the mesophyll tissue has small thin-walled cells which are relatively dense, and the secretory tissue and reserve substances of the pipe type. The vascular bundle which has reticulate vessel is distributed near to lower epidermis cells. 4. The powder shape of herb: The color of the powder sample is yellow-brown. The fragments of parenchyma, vessel and the calcium oxalate crystal are observed. In the sample of maceration, the epidermal cell of petal is various, the epidermal cell of filament is many side shape. The parenchyma is mostly oval shape which occasionally concludes the calcium oxalate crystal. The vessel has uniforation plate at each edge, which is a spiral vessel, and the type of the pit of lateral wall is alternate shape 5. Isolation and Structure Elucidation of Radical Scavengers: The DPPH radical scavenging activity (RC_50: 13.3㎍) of apigenin was similar to that of α-tocopherol (12.1㎍) and L-ascobic acid (9.8㎍).

A New Standard Chrysanthemum Cultivar, "Baekma" with Large White Flower

Hak Ki Shin,Jin Hee Lim,Hae Ryong Cho,Hye Kyung Rhee,Mi Seon Kim,Chang Seok Bang,Young A Kim,Young Jin Kim 한국육종학회 2005 한국육종학회지 Vol.37 No.2

2-chloroethylphosphonic acid와 야간온도에 따른 ‘백마’ 국화의 불시개화 조절

이창희(Chang Hee Lee),조명환(Myeong Whan Cho) 한국원예학회 2011 원예과학기술지 Vol.29 No.6

본 연구는 에세폰과 야간온도에 따른 국내육성 스탠다드 국화 "백마(Baekma)"의 불시개화를 조절하기 위하여 수행하였으며, 이는 하계 재배시 장일 조건하에서도 높은 야간온도에 의해 영양생장에서 생식생장 단계로 전이되는 현상을 억제시키기 위함이었다. 에세폰의 살포횟수는 1회와 2회로 나누었고, 살포 농도는 각각 0, 200, 400, 800mg․L<SUP>-1</SUP>로 구분하여 처리하였다. 야간온도 처리는 미니 비닐하우스를 각각 13, 17, 21℃가 유지되도록 야간온도를 제어하였다. 실험 결과를 보면, 야간온도 13℃처리는 다양한 에세폰 농도 및 처리횟수에 관계없이 모든 야간온도 처리 중에서 가장 ‘백마’의 불시개화를 억제하는 데 효과적이었다. 더욱이 불시개화의 억제 경향은 야간온도가 증가할수록 뚜렷하게 감소하였다. 에세폰 농도가 증가할수록 야간온도가 낮을수록 절화장이 증가하고 총생체중, 줄기 및 엽생체중이 높게 나타났으며, 이는 영양생장 기간이 연장되었기 때문으로 판단되었다. 따라서 고온기의 야간온도 조절을 21℃ 이하로 유지하기 어려운 경우, 불시개화 억제와 충분한 절화장 확보를 위해 정식 직후에 200mg․L<SUP>-1</SUP> 이상의 에세폰을 1회 처리해야 할 것으로 판단되었다. This study was conducted to control unseasonable flowering in a standard chrysanthemum "Baekma" bred in Korea by 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid (ethephon) and night temperature (NT) through suppression of the transition from a vegetative to a reproductive stage under long day length caused by high NT in summer season. Ethephon was applied either once or twice at a concentration of 0, 200, 400, or 800 mg․L<SUP>-1</SUP>. The NT within controlled mini-plastic houses was maintained at 13, 17, or 21℃. The NT at 13℃ showed the greatest inhibiting effect of unseasonable flowering among all NTs regardless of various combinations of ethephon concentration and frequency. Moreover, the inhibition tendency of unseasonable flowering was distinctly decreased in a NT-dependant manner. Higher NTs reduced cut flower length and number of leaves, but increased the number of young leaves attached to top part of the flower. Higher ethephon concentrations and lower NTs increased cut flower length and the fresh weight of total, ste m, and leaves due to the extension of vegetative growth period. Thus, if it is difficult to control the NT below 21℃ in greenhouses in the summer season, we recommended to spray more than 200 mg․L<SUP>-1</SUP> ethephon once after planting to suppress unseasonable flowering and to ensure sufficient length of cut flowers.

Vase Life and Quality of Cut Flower by Wet Solution according to Shipping Period and Temperature in Dendranthema grandiflorum ‘Jinba’

Yong Seung Roh,In Kyung Kim,Yong Kweon Yoo 인간식물환경학회 2019 인간식물환경학회지 Vol.22 No.6

This study was conducted to examine the effects of wet storage solution, transport period and temperature on vase life and quality of cut flowers in standard chrysanthemum ‘Jinba’. Immediately after transport, the fresh weight and flower diameter of cut flowers did not show a difference according to wet storage solutions regardless of the transport period, but as the transport period increased, the fresh weight and flower diameter increased. The flower bud stage at harvest was maintained due to the small changes in flower diameter, and the freshness of leaves was better when transported at 5℃ than at 25℃. When transported at 25℃, the longer the transport period, the lower the quality of cut flowers as some petals opened up and showed early flowering after transport. In preservative solutions, quality of cut flowers transported at 25℃ was lower than that at 5℃ due to fresh weight and diameter according to the longer transport period. The vase life of cut flowers was 1.0 day, 0.8 day, and 7.3 days longer when transported for 3, 5, and 7 days respectively at 5℃ than at 25℃. The quality of cut flowers was better due to increase in fresh weight and flower diameter, as well as vase life in wet storage solutions of ClO₂ and Chrysal OVB than in tap water, regardless of transport period and temperature. There was no difference in fresh weight and vase life between ClO₂ and Chrysal OVB, but flower diameter was greater in ClO₂ than in Chrysal OVB. Therefore, for long-term transport of cut standard chrysanthemum ‘Jinba’, wet storage transport in ClO₂ at 5℃ was found effective in maintaining the quality and vase life of cut flowers.

Vase Life and Quality of Cut Flower by Wet Solution according to Shipping Period and Temperature in Dendranthema grandiflorum ‘Jinba’

노용승,김인경,유용권 인간식물환경학회 2019 인간식물환경학회지 Vol.22 No.6

This study was conducted to examine the effects of wet storage solution, transport period and temperature on vase life and quality of cut flowers in standard chrysanthemum ‘Jinba’. Immediately after transport, the fresh weight and flower diameter of cut flowers did not show a difference according to wet storage solutions regardless of the transport period, but as the transport period increased, the fresh weight and flower diameter increased. The flower bud stage at harvest was maintained due to the small changes in flower diameter, and the freshness of leaves was better when transported at 5℃ than at 25℃. When transported at 25℃, the longer the transport period, the lower the quality of cut flowers as some petals opened up and showed early flowering after transport. In preservative solutions, quality of cut flowers transported at 25℃ was lower than that at 5℃ due to fresh weight and diameter according to the longer transport period. The vase life of cut flowers was 1.0 day, 0.8 day, and 7.3 days longer when transported for 3, 5, and 7 days respectively at 5℃ than at 25℃. The quality of cut flowers was better due to increase in fresh weight and flower diameter, as well as vase life in wet storage solutions of ClO2 and Chrysal OVB than in tap water, regardless of transport period and temperature. There was no difference in fresh weight and vase life between ClO2 and Chrysal OVB, but flower diameter was greater in ClO2 than in Chrysal OVB. Therefore, for long-term transport of cut standard chrysanthemum ‘Jinba’, wet storage transport in ClO2 at 5℃ was found effective in maintaining the quality and vase life of cut flowers.

Genotypic Differences of Axillary Budding in Response to Temperature and Ethephon Treatment in Non-Branching Chrysanthemums

Eun Joo Huh,Young Ran Lee,Seong Youl Choi,Kyung Ran Do,Chun Ho Pak 한국원예학회 2007 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.48 No.6

Axillary buds formation in non-branching chrysanthemums (Dendranthema grandiflorum) is regulated by temperature. To examine the temperature regime responsible for non-viable buds, five non-branching chrysanthemums cultivars were treated with 5 temperature conditions for 4 weeks. High temperature reduced percentage of lateral buds, but effects varied among the cultivars. Three hybrid progenies of ‘01B1-4’, ‘01B1-8’, and ‘01B1-22’ showed stronger non-branching trait than ‘Iwanohakusen’ and ‘Hakutenga’. In these progenies, the day/night temperature regime of 25/15℃showed similar effects as 28/18℃, 31/21℃, and 34/24℃. Ethephon promoted axillary bud development in ‘01B1-8’, but had no effect on ‘01B1-22’. Histological assay showed that axillary meristems in non-branching chrysanthemum cultivars arrested their development prior to or at meristematic organization and ethephon enhanced the cell differentiation to the axillary meristem.

수출용 국화 ‘백마’의 수송온도 및 수확시기에 따른 절화 품질과 수명

유용권(Yong Kweon Yoo),노용승(Yong Seung Roh) 한국원예학회 2015 원예과학기술지 Vol.33 No.1

본 연구는 수출용 스탠다드 국화 ‘백마’의 모의 수송온도와 개화단계에 따른 절화의 품질과 수명에 미치는 영향을 조사하여 적정 수송온도와 수확시기를 구명하고자 실시하였다. 개화 4단계의 ‘백마’ 절화를 수확하여 5℃에서 24시간 수송한 후 5, 20, 35℃에서 48시간 모의 수송하여 절화의 품질을 조사하였다. 또한 개화 1단계에서 6단계까지의 절화를 수확하여 5°C에서 72시간 동안 모의 수송한 후 절화의 품질을 조사하였다. 수송온도가 높아질수록 유통박스 내의 CO₂ 농도는 급격히 높아졌으며, O₂ 농도는 크게 감소하였다. 35°C와 20℃보다 5℃에서 수송하는 것이 절화수명이 3.8일 연장되었으며, 잎의 엽록소 함량도 345.7로 가장 많았다. 또한 35℃보다 5℃ 수송조건에서 절화의 생체중과 흡수량이 높게 유지되었을 뿐만 아니라 화경도 보존용액에서 8일째에 2.3㎝ 더 길었다. 개화 6단계보다 개화 1-2단계에서 수확한 절화의 수명이 5.2-5.5일 연장되었다. 그러나, 개화 1단계부터 3단계까지의 절화들은 개화 4-6단계보다 생체중이 낮았을 뿐만 아니라 화경도 1.3-2.5㎝ 더 작았다. 또한 개화 4-6단계의 절화는 개화 1-3단계의 절화에 비해 상대적으로 흡수량이 많은 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 일본 수출용 ‘백마’는 설상화의 개화상태와 품질을 고려한다면 개화 4단계의 절화를 5℃ 조건에서 수송하는 것이 가장 바람직하다고 판단되었다. This study was carried out to investigate the effects of shipping temperature and harvesting stage on the quality and vase life of cut flower in standard chrysanthemum ‘Baekma’ for export. Cut flowers harvested at flowering stage 4 were stored for 24 hours at 5℃, and then quality and vase life were evaluated after simulated shipping for 48 hours at 5, 20, and 35℃. In addition, cut flowers harvested in flowering stage 1 to stage 6 were evaluated after simulated shipping for 72 hours at 5℃. As shipping temperature increased, CO₂ concentration inside the box rapidly increased, and O₂ concentration greatly decreased. The vase life of cut flowers was extended by 3 days and chlorophyll content of leaves, fresh weight, solution uptake, and flower diameter were better maintained in 5℃ shipping than in 20 or 35℃ shipping. The vase life of cut flowers harvested at flowering stage 1 or 2 was extended by 5.2 or 5.5 days compared to those harvested at flowering stage 6, more 6. The fresh weight was lower and flower diameter was smaller by 1.3 or 2.5 ㎝ in cut flowers of flowering stages 1 through 3 than flowering stages 4 through 6. In addition, the cut flowers of flowering stages 4 through 6 showed higher solution uptake than those of flowering stages 1 through 3. These results suggest that shipping at 5°C of cut flowers harvested at flowering stage 4 is preferential for promoting vase life and quality of cut flower in standard chrysanthemum ‘Baekma’ for export to Japan.

동계 저온개화성 및 꽃 볼륨이 우수한 백색 스탠다드국화 ‘Baekseol’ 육성

박하승,원미경,김동찬,손국성,최종진,박용진,김태성 한국화훼학회 2016 화훼연구 Vol.24 No.4

At the Flower Research Institute of Chungcheongnam-do agricultural research and extension service, ‘Shusin’ and ‘ST06-005-11’ were crossed and a candidate descendant, ‘ST09-173-06’, was selected based on disease resistance and other morphological traits. We intensively tested the candidate line on various characteristics, including the floral qualities through shading and retarding culture, starting from year 2009. In 2011, we registered this line as the standard chrysanthemum (Dendranthema grandiflorum Ramat.) cultivar ‘Baekseol’. The natural flowering time of 'Baekseol' starts the 24th of October, which is earlier than ‘Jinba’ (29th of October). ‘Baekseol’ is favorable at winter growing season and the flower vase life is 17 days. The cut flower length of ‘Baekseol’ is 87.2 cm, which is shorter than ‘Jinba’ (97.4 cm) and the lateral branch number of ‘Baekseol’ (15.6 per plant) is less than ‘Jinba’ (21.8 per plant). The flower size of ‘Baekseol’ is 14.6 cm (‘Jinba’, 13.4 cm) and the petal number per flower is 430.4 (316.3 per flower for ‘Jinba’). Careful nutrient management is required at t he e arly g rowing s tage. T he s hort d ay t reatment i s appropriate when the plant is approximately 40 - 45 cm. In addition, flower bud differentiation temperature is approximately 16 - 17℃.

坯窩 金相肅(1717~1792)의 鍾繇體 受容과 그 意義

유승민(Ryu Seungmin) 한국미술사학회 2012 美術史學硏究 Vol.- No.275·276

국화 ‘백선’의 토양재배에서 관비주기와 시비량에 따른 절화의 생육과 토양 환경의 변화

노용승,유용권 한국인간식물환경학회 2016 인간식물환경학회지 Vol.19 No.3

This study was conducted to examine the effects of irrigation interval and fertilizer level on changes in soil chemical properties and growth of cut flower in soil retarding culture of standard chrysanthemum (Dendranthema grandiflorum) ‘Iwanohakusen'. The compound fertilizer (Poly-Feed, N-P-K 19-19-19) diluted with 1 g・L -1 were treated by irrigation intervals of 1 time/1 day (1.5 L・m -2 ), 1 time/2 days (1.5 L・m -2 ), 2 times/3 days (3 L・m -2 ) and 2 times/5 days (3 L・m -2 ). As irrigation interval was long, the nutrient contents of soil decreased. In 1 time/1 day treatment, NO3-N, K, and P2O5 contents of soil decreased, but Ca and Mg contents of soil did not change than before planting. The growth of cut flower, such as stem length, stem diameter, fresh weight, and weight of flower was the best in 1 time/1 day treatment, and was the worst in 2 times/5 days treatment. To examine the proper fertilizer level, the compound fertilizers (Poly-Feed, N-P-K 19-19-19) of 0.2, 0.4, 0.8, and 1.6 kg per 1.5t water were treated 1 time/1 day in 1,000 m 2 field. In fertilizer level of 0.8 or 1.6 kg, EC and nutrient contents of soil were higher or similar than before planting, and inorganic salts in soil were accumulating continuously. The growth of cut flower, such as stem length, number of leaves, weight, and diameter of flower bud was more effective in fertilizer level of 0.4 kg, but it was the worst in excessive fertilizer level of 1.6 kg. Therefore, fertigation of 0.4 kg compound fertilizer with 1 time/1 day in 1,000 m 2 field was the most effective for reasonable soil management and cut flower production of high quality in retarding culture of standard chrysanthemum ‘Iwanohakusen’.